1、Manual of PetroleumMeasurement StandardsChapter 21Flow MeasurementUsing ElectronicMetering SystemsSection 2Electronic Liquid VolumeMeasurement Using PositiveDisplacement and Turbine MetersFIRST EDITION, JUNE 1998REAFFIRMED, AUGUST 2011Manual of PetroleumMeasurement StandardsChapter 21Flow Measuremen
2、tUsing ElectronicMetering SystemsSection 2Electronic Liquid VolumeMeasurement Using PositiveDisplacement and Turbine MetersMeasurement CoordinationFIRST EDITION, JUNE 1998REAFFIRMED, AUGUST 2011SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic-ula
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16、ee on Liquid Measurement. This standard shall become effective January 1,1999, but may be used voluntarily from the date of distribution. Suggested revisions areinvited and should be submitted to the Measurement Coordinator, American Petroleum Insti-tute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.
17、iiiCONTENTSPage1 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Electronic Liquid
18、 Measurement (ELM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 REFERENCED PUBLICATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 DEFINITIONS AND SYMBOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19、13.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 Words and Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 FIELD OF APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 DESCRIPTION OF AN ELECTRONIC LIQUID MEASUREMENT SYSTEM . . . . 45.1 Elements of an Electronic Liquid Measurement System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.2 Placement of ELM System Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.3 Data Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 SYSTEM UNCERTAINTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN, SELECTION, AND USE OF ELM SYSTEM COMPONENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.1 Primary DevicesSelection and Installatio
23、n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.2 Secondary DevicesSelection and Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.3 Tertiary DevicesSelection and Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.4 ELM Devices and Associated Equip
24、ment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.5 Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 COMMISSIONING NEW AND MODIFIED SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.1 General . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 ELECTRONIC LIQUID MEASUREMENT ALGORITHMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26、 . . . . . . . . . . 99.2 Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 910 AUDITING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1810.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1810.2 Configuration Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1910.3 Quantity Transaction Record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 2010.4 Viewing ELM Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2010.5 Data Retention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2110.6 Event Log. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2110.7 Alarm or Error Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2110.8 Test Record. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30、 . . . . . . . 2111 EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION AND VERIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2111.1 Devices Requiring Calibration/Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2111.2 Verification and CalibrationPurpose and Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
31、. . . . . 2111.3 Verification and Calibration Frequency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2211.4 Verification and Calibration Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22vPage11.5 Calibration Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2211.6 Verification Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2511.7 Ambient Temperature Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2612 SECURITY . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2712.1 Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2712.2 Restricting Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2712.3 Integrity of Logged Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2712.4 Algorithm Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2712.
35、5 Memory Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27APPENDIX A COMPUTER MATH HARDWARE AND SOFTWARELIMITATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29APPENDIX B A/D CONVERTERS AND RESOL
36、UTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31APPENDIX C EMERGENT STEM CORRECTION FOR LIQUID-IN-GLASS THERMOMETERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33APPENDIX D RESISTANCE VERSUS TEMPERATURE FOR INDUSTRIAL PLATINUM RTDS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35APPENDIX E CALIBRATION AND VERIFICATION EQUIPMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . 37APPENDIX F REQUIRED ACCURACY IN MEASURED TEMPERATURE,PRESSURE, AND DENSITY FOR DESIRED ACCURACY OFCORRECTION FACTORS CTLAND CPL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . 41APPENDIX G UNCERTAINTY CALCULATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Figures1 Typical ELM System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Example of System Uncertainty Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
39、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 100 Ohm RTD Tolerance Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23B-1 A/D Counts vs. Sensor Input Showing Support for Over/Under Range Regions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
40、. . . . . . . . . . . . 31G-1 Example of System Uncertainty Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57G-2 Nonlinearity Example for NGL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Tables1 Coefficients of Thermal Expansion for Steel (Gc
41、, Ga, Gl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Modulus of Elasticity for Steel Containers, E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17B-1 A/D Converter Resolutions in Percent of Full Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31F-1 Temperature Tolerance in F for Generaliz
42、ed Crude Oil and JP4 to Maintain Accuracy in CTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 6A . . . . 42F-2 Temperature Tolerance in F for Generalized Crude Oil and JP4 to Maintain Accuracy in CTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 24A . . . 42F-3 Temperature Tolerance in C for
43、Generalized Crude Oil and JP4 to Maintain Accuracy in CTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 54A . . . 42F-4 Gravity Tolerance in API for Generalized Crude Oil and JP4 to Maintain Accuracy in CTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 6A . . . . 43F-5 Relative Density Toleran
44、ce for Hydrocarbon Liquids to Maintain Accuracy inCTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 24A. . . . . . . . . . . . 43F-6 Density Tolerance for Hydrocarbon Liquids to Maintain Accuracy in CTL of0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 54A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43F-7
45、 Temperature Tolerance in F for Generalized Products to Maintain Accuracyin CTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 6B. . . . . . . . . . . 44viPageF-8 Temperature Tolerance in F for Generalized Products to Maintain Accuracyin CTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 24B. .
46、. . . . . . . . 44F-9 Temperature Tolerance in C for Generalized Products to Maintain Accuracyin CTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 54B. . . . . . . . . . 44F-10 Gravity Tolerance in API for Generalized Products to Maintain Accuracy inCTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1,
47、Table 6B. . . . . . . . . . . . . 45F-11 Relative Density Tolerance for Generalized Products to Maintain Accuracy inCTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 24B. . . . . . . . . . . . 45F-12 Density Tolerance for Generalized Products to Maintain Accuracy in CTLof0.02 Percent Using API MP
48、MSChapter 11.1, Table 54B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45F-13 Temperature Tolerance in F for Lubricating Oils to Maintain Accuracy inCTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 6D. . . . . . . . . . . . . 46F-14 Temperature Tolerance in C for Lubricating Oils to Maintain Accuracy inC
49、TLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 54D. . . . . . . . . . . . 46F-15 Gravity Tolerance in API for Lubricating Oils to Maintain Accuracy inCTLof 0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 6D. . . . . . . . . . . . . 47F-16 Density Tolerance for Lubricating Oils to Maintain Accuracy in CTLof0.02 Percent Using API MPMSChapter 11.1, Table 54D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47F-17 Temperature Tolerance in F for Light Hydrocarbons to Maintain Accuracy inCTLof 0.05 Percent Using GPA Research Report 148. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
