1、Manual of PetroleumMeasurement StandardsChapter 4Proving SystemsSection 9Methods of Calibration for Displacement and VolumetricTank ProversPart 3Determination of the Volume of Displacement Provers by the Master Meter Method of CalibrationFIRST EDITION, APRIL 2010REAFFIRMATION, MARCH 2015Manual of Pe
2、troleumMeasurement StandardsChapter 4Proving SystemsSection 9Methods of Calibration forDisplacement and VolumetricTank ProversPart 3Determination of the Volume of Displacement Provers by the Master Meter Method of CalibrationMeasurement CoordinationFIRST EDITION, APRIL 2010REAFFIRMATION, MARCH 2015S
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7、ction with which this publication may conflict.API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publ
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10、means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Copyright 2010 American Petroleum InstituteForewordThis multi-part publication consolidat
11、es and standardizes calibration procedures for displacement and volumetric tank provers used in the metering of petroleum liquids. It provides essential information on the operations involved in obtaining a valid, accurate and acceptable prover volume by different calibration methods. Units of measu
12、re in this publication are in the International System (SI) and United States Customary (USC) units consistent with North American industry practices. This section consists of the following four parts: Part 1Introduction to the Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers; Part 2Dete
13、rmination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Waterdraw Method of Calibration; Part 3Determination of the Volume of Displacement Provers by the Master Meter Method of Calibration; Part 4Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Gravimetric Method of Calibr
14、ation.Throughout this document issues of traceability are addressed by references to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). However, other appropriate national metrology institutes (NMIs) can be referenced.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting an
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18、.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of AP
19、I publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Te
21、rms and Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.1 Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.2 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Pre-calibration Planning and Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 Fluids used for Master Meter Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.2 Master Prover/Master Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 Calibration Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 Inspections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.5 Venting and Circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.6 Temperature, Pressure, and Den
26、sity Device Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.7 Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.8 Readings. . . . .
27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Other Preliminary Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28、 . 76 Calibration Procedures for Field Provers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.1 Considerations Common to all Procedures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
29、.2 Methods for Determining the Calibrated Prover Volume for a Calibration Run Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.3 Calculation Methods for Proving the Master Meter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126.4 Repeatability and Uncertainty . . .
30、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Annex A (informative) Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Annex B (normative) Conne
31、ctions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
32、 . . . 19FiguresB.1 Flow Path Throughout Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17B.2 Master Meter Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
33、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18B.3 Field Prover Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Tables1 Base Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
34、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Comparison of the Three Methods for Prover Calibration using the Master Meter Method. . . . . . . . . . . 113 Estimated Uncertainty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12v1Chapter 4Proving SystemsSection 9Methods of Calibration for Displacement and Volumetric Tank ProversPart 3Determination of the Volume of Displacement Provers by the Master Meter Method of Calibration1 ScopeThis standard covers the procedures required to determin
36、e the field data necessary to calculate a Base Prover Volume (BPV) of a field displacement prover by the master meter method of calibration.2 Normative ReferencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited ap
37、plies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS) Chapter 4.2, Displacement ProversAPI MPMS Chapter 4.4, Tank ProversAPI MPMS Chapter 4.6, Pulse InterpolationAPI MPMS Chapter 4.8, Oper
38、ation of Proving SystemsAPI MPMS Chapter 4.9.1-2005, Methods of Calibration for Displacement and Volumetric Tank Provers, Part 1 Introduction to the Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank ProversAPI MPMS Chapter 4.9.2-2005, Methods of Calibration for Displacement and Volumetric Tank Pr
39、overs, Part 2 Determination of the Volume of Displacement and Tank Provers by the Waterdraw Method of CalibrationAPI MPMS Chapter 12.2.3-1998, Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Measurement Methods and Volumetric Correction Factors, Part 3Proving ReportsAPI MPMS Chapter 12.2.5-2001, C
40、alculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Measurement Methods and Volumetric Correction Factors, Part 5Base Prover Volume Using Master Meter MethodsNOTE For readability, references to API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards are abbreviated as API MPMS. Reference to parts of chapters wil
41、l follow the convention of “Chapter.Section.Part.Subpart”. For example, this standard, American Petroleum Institute Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards, Chapter 4, Section 9, Part 3, would be called API MPMSChapter 4.9.3.3 Terms and Applications3.1 TermsNo definitions are unique to this docume
42、nt. Unfamiliar terms not explained in adjoining text are found in the publications listed in Section 2 and the Bibliography, chiefly API MPMS Ch. 1, API MPMS Ch. 4.9.1, and API MPMSCh. 12.2.2 API MPMS CHAPTER 4PROVING SYSTEMS3.2 Applications3.2.1 GeneralAPI MPMS Ch. 4.9.1 is the introduction and dis
43、cusses the provers, master meters, related equipment and general troubleshooting applicable to all the different methods of prover calibration. Information contained in API MPMS Ch. 4.9.1 is not repeated in this standard. Detailed calculation procedures are not included in this standard. The reader
44、is referred to the latest edition of the API MPMS Ch. 12.2.5 for the complete calculation details applicable to this standard. Accordingly, API MPMS Ch. 4.9.1, API MPMS Ch. 4.9.3, and API MPMS Ch. 12.2.5 together are needed to conduct a calibration of a displacement prover by the master meter method
45、.The technique used to calibrate the master meter introduces various levels of uncertainty into the petroleum measurement hierarchy. While this does not necessarily mean the master meter method is less accurate than other methods, the calibration chain is longer than that of a direct method.A prover
46、 calibration is initially performed at the manufacturing plant after the field prover is built and often again after it has been installed at the operating facility. From this time forward, periodic calibrations occur. See API MPMS Ch. 4.8 and API MPMS Ch. 4.9.1 for more discussion on the necessity
47、for and frequency of subsequent field prover calibrations.3.2.2 Applicable LiquidsPerforming a prover calibration requires a liquid as a medium. This standard applies to liquids that for all practical purposes are considered to be clean, single-phase, homogeneous, and Newtonian at metering condition
48、s. The application of this standard is limited to liquids for which API MPMS Ch. 11.1 is applicable and water. To accomplish this, the density of a liquid shall be determined by the appropriate technical standard, by use of the proper density correlation or by use of the correct equations of state.3
49、.2.3 Base ConditionsHistorically the measurement of some liquids for custody transfer and process control has been stated in volume units at base conditions. The base conditions for the measurement of liquids such as crude petroleum and its liquid products having a vapor pressure equal to or less than atmospheric at base temperature are indicated in Table 1. For fluids, such as liquid hydrocarbons, having a vapor pressure greater than atmospheric pressure at base temperature, the base pressure shall be the equilibrium vapor pressure at base temperature. For liquid a
