1、Designation: C76M 18aC76M 19Standard Specification forReinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe(Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C76M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers
3、 reinforced concrete pipe intended to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, andstorm water, and for the construction of culverts.1.2 This specification is the SI companion to Specification C76; therefore, no inch-pound equivalents are presented in thisspecification. Reinforced con
4、crete pipe that conform to the requirements of C76 are acceptable under this Specification C76Munless prohibited by the Owner.NOTE 1This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only, and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or therelationship between field load co
5、ndition and the strength classification of pipe. However, experience has shown that the successful performance of thisproduct depends upon the proper selection of the class of pipe, type of bedding and backfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care and installationconforms to the constructi
6、on specifications. The owner of the reinforced concrete pipe specified herein is cautioned that he must correlate the fieldrequirements with the class of pipe specified and provide inspection at the construction site.NOTE 2Attention is called to the specification for reinforced concrete D-load culve
7、rt, storm drain, and sewer pipe (ASTM Designation C655M).1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issue
8、dby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA706/A706M Specification for Deformed
9、and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for ConcreteC33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraini
10、ng Admixtures for ConcreteC309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing ConcreteC443M Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets (Metric)C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for ConcreteC497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concret
11、e Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC655M Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric)C822 Ter
12、minology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related ProductsC989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.02 on Reinforced Sewerand Culvert
13、Pipe.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018Jan. 1, 2019. Published October 2018January 2019. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2018 asC76M - 18.C76M - 18a. DOI: 10.1520/C0076M-18A.10.1520/C0076M-19.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or co
14、ntactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have b
15、een made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official docume
16、nt.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C990M Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Se
17、alants(Metric)C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing Flowing ConcreteC1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced ConcreteC1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in the Production of Hydraulic Cement ConcreteC1628 Specification for Joints for Concrete Gra
18、vity Flow Sewer Pipe, Using Rubber Gaskets3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured in accordance with this specification shall be of five classes identified as Class I, Class II, Class III, ClassIV, a
19、nd Class V. The corresponding strength requirements are prescribed in Tables 1-5.5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 Unless otherwise designated by the owner at the time of, or before placing an order, there are two separate and alternativebases of acceptance. Independent of the method of acceptance, the pipe
20、 shall be designed to meet both the 0.01-in. crack andultimate strength requirements specified in Tables 1-5.5.1.1 Acceptance on the Basis of Plant Load-Bearing Tests, Material Tests, and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for VisualDefects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters an
21、d classes produced in accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall bedetermined by the results of the three-edge bearing tests as defined in 11.3.1; by such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5and 6.6; by an absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe as required in 11.9; and by visual
22、inspection of the finishedpipe to determine its conformance with the accepted design and its freedom from defects.5.1.2 Acceptance on the Basis of Material Test and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for Defects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes produced in accorda
23、nce with 7.1 or 7.2 shall be determined by the resultsof such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5 and 6.6; by crushing tests on concrete cores or cured concrete cylinders; byan absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe for each mix design that is used on an order; and by
24、inspection of thefinished pipe including amount and placement of reinforcement to determine its conformance with the accepted design and itsfreedom from defects.5.1.3 When agreed upon between the owner and manufacturer, any portion or any combination of the tests itemized in 5.1.1 or5.1.2 may form t
25、he basis of acceptance.5.2 Age for AcceptancePipe shall be considered ready for acceptance when it conforms to the requirements as indicated bythe specified tests.NOTE 1The total reinforcement area of the inner circular cage and the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner
26、 cage in Tables1-5.NOTE 2The total reinforcement area of the outer circular cage and the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in Tables1-5.FIG. 1 Triple Cage ReinforcementC76M 1926. Materials6.1 Reinforced ConcreteThe reinforced concrete shall consist of cementiti
27、ous materials, mineral aggregates, water, andadmixtures, if any, in which steel has been embedded in such a manner that the steel and concrete act together.6.2 Cementitious Materials:6.2.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirements for portland cement of Specification C150/C150M or shall beportl
28、and blast-furnace slag cement, portland-limestone cement, or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements ofSpecification C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IP portland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.6.2.2 Slag CementSlag cement shall conform to the requirement
29、s of Grade 100 or 120 of Specification C989/C989M.6.2.3 Fly AshFly ash shall conform to the requirements of Class F or Class C of Specification C618.6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious MaterialsThe combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete shallbe one of the following:6.2.4
30、.1 Portland cement only,6.2.4.2 Portland blast-furnace slag cement only,6.2.4.3 Portland-pozzolan cement only,6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only,6.2.4.5 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and slag cement,6.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone ce
31、ment and fly ash,6.2.4.7 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement, slag cement, and fly ash, or6.2.4.8 A combination of portland-pozzolan cement and fly ash.6.3 AggregatesAggregates shall conform to Specification C33/C33M except that the requirement for gradation shall not apply
32、.6.4 AdmixturesThe following admixtures and blends are allowable:6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to Specification C260/C260M;TABLE 1 Design Requirements for Class I Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by owner.The strength test requirements in new
33、tons per linear metre of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test load expressedin newtons per linear metre per millimetre of diameter) to produce the 0.3-mm crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.3-mm crack and the ultimate loadas specified below, multiplied by the
34、internal diameter of the pipe in millimetres.D-load to produce a 0.3 mm crack 40.0D-load to produce the ultimate load 60.0InternalDesignatedDiameter,mmReinforcement, cm2/linear m of pipe wallWall A Wall BConcrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPaWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementB El
35、lipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementB EllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage1500 125 5.3 3.2 5.9 150 4.4 2.6 4.91650 138 6.4 3.8 7.0 163 5.3 3.2 5.91800 150 7.4 4.4 8.3 175 6.1 3.7 6.81950 163 8.5 5.1 9.3 188 6.8 4.1 7.62100 175 9.5 5.7 10.6 200 7.8 4.7 8
36、.72250 188 10.4 6.2 11.4 213 8.7 5.2 9.72400 200 11.4 6.8 12.7 225 9.7 5.8 10.8Concrete Strength, 34.5 MPa2550 213 13.3 8.0 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical 5.38.0 238 11.4 6.8 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical 4.66.82700 225 14.4 8.6 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical 5.88.6 250 12.9 7.7 Inner CircularPlus Ell
37、iptical 5.27.72850 A . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3000 A . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3150 A . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3300 A . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3450 A . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3600 A
38、 . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .A For modified or special designs, see 7.2 or with the permission of the owner utilize the provisions of Specification C655M. Steel areas may be interpolated betweenthose shown for variations in diameter, loading, or wall thickness. Pipe over 2400 mm
39、 in diameter shall have two circular cages or an inner circular plus one elliptical cage.B As an alternative to designs requiring both inner and outer circular cages the reinforcement may be positioned and proportioned in either of the following manners:An inner circular cage plus an elliptical cage
40、 such that the area of the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in the table and the total areaof the inner circular cage plus the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in the table,An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats in a
41、ccordance with Fig. 2, orAn inner and outer cage plus an elliptical cage in accordance with Fig. 1.C Elliptical and quadrant steel must be held in place by means of holding rods, chairs, or other positive means throughout the entire casting operation.C76M 1936.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to Sp
42、ecification C494/C494M;6.4.3 Chemical admixture for use in producing flowing concrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend approved by the owner.6.5 Steel ReinforcementReinforcement shall consist of wire and welded wire conforming to Specification A1064/A106
43、4M, orof bars conforming to Specification A36/A36M, Specification A615/A615M Grade 280 or 420, or Specification A706/A706MGrade 420. For helically wound cages only, weld shear tests are not required.6.6 FibersSynthetic fibers and nonsynthetic fibers shall be allowed to be used, at the manufacturers
44、option, in concrete pipeas a nonstructural manufacturing material. Synthetic fibers (Type II and Type III) and nonsynthetic fiber (Type I) designed andmanufactured specifically for use in concrete and conforming to the requirements of Specification C1116/C1116M shall beaccepted.TABLE 2 Design Requir
45、ements for Class II Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by owner.The strength test requirements in newtons per linear metre of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test-load expressedin newtons per linear metre per millimetre
46、 of diameter) to produce the 0.3-mm crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.3-mm crack and the ultimate loadas specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in millimetres.D-load to produce a 0.3 mm crack 50.0D-load to produce the ultimate load 75.0InternalDesignatedDiameter,mmRein
47、forcement, cm2/linear m of pipe wallWall A Wall B Wall CConcrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPaWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementB EllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementB EllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforceme
48、ntB EllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage300 44 1.5D . . . . . . 50 1.5D . . . . . . 69 1.5D . . . . . .375 47 1.5D . . . . . . 57 1.5D . . . . . . 75 1.5D . . . . . .450 50 1.5D . . . 1.5 63 1.5D . . . 1.5D 82 1.5D . . . 1.5D525 57 2.5 . . . 2.1 69 1.5D . .
49、. 1.5D 88 1.5D . . . 1.5D600 63 2.8 . . . 2.3 75 1.5D . . . 1.5D 94 1.5D . . . 1.5D675 66 3.2 . . . 2.8 82 2.8 . . . 2.3 100 1.5D . . . 1.5D750 69 3.2 . . . 3.0 88 3.0 . . . 2.5 106 1.5D . . . 1.5D825 72 3.4 . . . 3.2 94 3.2 . . . 2.8 113 1.5D . . . 1.5D900 75 3.0 1.8 3.2 100E 2.5 1.5 2.8 119E 1.5 1.5 1.71050 88 3.4 2.0 3.8 113 3.2 1.9 3.6 132 2.1 1.5 2.31200 100 4.5 2.7 4.9 125 3.8 2.3 4.2 144 3.0 1.8 3.21350 113 5.3 3.2 5.9 138 4.7 2.8 5.1 157 3.6 2.2 4.01500 125 6.4 3.8 7.0 150 5.3 3.2 5.9 169 4.7 2.8 5.11650 138 7.4 4.4 8.3 163 6.6 4.0 7.2 182 5.3 3.2 5.918
