1、Designation: D2523/D2523M 13 (Reapproved 2019)1Standard Practice forTesting Load-Strain Properties of Roofing Membranes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2523/D2523M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revisio
2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUnits information was editorially revised in January 2019.1. Scope1.1 This practice is a guide for determining
3、 the load-strainproperties of roofing membranes and their components atvarious temperatures. Test specimens may be prepared in thelaboratory or cut from samples obtained in the field.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values sta
4、ted ineach system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, toensure conformance with the standard, each system shall beused independently of the other, and values from the twosystems shall not be combined.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, assoc
5、iated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally rec
6、ognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D95 Test Method for
7、 Water in Petroleum Products andBituminous Materials by DistillationD412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplas-tic ElastomersTensionE178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 roofing membranethat part of the
8、roofing systemwhose primary function is to exclude water; it does not includefield-applied aggregate.4. Significance and Use4.1 This practice is designed to aid those interested in theengineering properties of roofing membranes.4.2 The data obtained will not permit prediction of theservice life of a
9、 membrane under field conditions. The data willprovide a basis for study of the mechanical properties of themembrane. Note that if strain rates, specimen dimensions,initial clear distance between clamps, or temperatures andmoisture contents are varied, the data may not be strictlycomparable.5. Sampl
10、ing5.1 Take field membrane sample at least 100 by 250 mm 4by 10 in. in accordance with good roofing practices. In caseswhere field-applied aggregate is in place, remove it with ascraper such as a heated putty knife.5.1.1 Sample those areas of the membrane that are expectedto represent the extremes i
11、n load/strain characteristics.5.1.2 At least one sample is required for each test tempera-ture at which it is desired to determine load/strain properties.5.2 Prepare laboratory samples at least 200 by 300 mm 8by 12 in. in strict accordance with the roofing specificationbeing tested. Observe all caut
12、ions specified, such as notoverheating the bitumen. Do not oven condition any of thecomponents or the final sample.5.2.1 Select those areas of the membrane that are expectedto represent the extremes in load-strain characteristics. Prepareat least one sample of each type for each proposed testtempera
13、ture. If there is any doubt about these areas, include allpossible variations. The samples must be uniform in crosssection.5.2.2 Select materials at random when possible. Compo-nents should be conditioned at 50 6 5 % relative humidity and25 6 2.5C 77 6 4.5F for 24 h prior to constructingsamples.1Thi
14、s practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing andWaterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.20 on RoofingMembrane Systems.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019. Published January 2019. Originallyapproved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2013 a
15、s D2523 13. DOI:10.1520/D2523_D2523M-13R19E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM
16、International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standa
17、rds, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.2.3 The quantity of material in any layer should be within610 %, and the entire sample should be within 65 % of thequantities specified.6. Test Specimens6.1 Condition the samples at
18、room temperature at 50 6 5%relative humidity for a minimum of 16 h for non-solvent-containing membranes, and until constant mass has beenreached for solvent-containing membranes.6.2 Die-cut three tension test specimens from each sample.The shape of the specimens for membranes with less than 50 %ulti
19、mate elongation is shown in Fig. 1. Where the membranehas an ultimate elongation greater than 50 %, use Die C of TestMethods D412.6.3 At least three specimens must be tested at each selectedtemperature from each sample. If any sample is too small topermit the removal of three specimens, more than on
20、e sampleof that type must be prepared or obtained in the field to yieldthe required three specimens.7. Procedure7.1 Condition each specimen at least1hattheselected testtemperature.7.2 Control the following standard test temperatures to atolerance of 62.5C 4.5F: 18C 0F, 0C 32F, and25C 77F. Recommende
21、d additional test temperatures,where appropriate, are: 34.4C 30F, 50C 122F and70C 158F.7.3 Use a tension testing machine, preferably with auto-matic load and strain recording equipment, and clamps thatpermit a uniform clamping pressure on the specimen withoutslipping. The clamps should be 178 6 5mm7
22、6 0.2 in. apartat the start of the test.7.4 Maintain a rate of elongation of 1.0 6 0.3 %min forbituminous membranes or other materials having under 50 %ultimate elongation. This rate will be achieved if the jaws areseparated at 1.3 mm/min 0.05 in./min.7.5 Use a rate of elongation of 500 mm/min 20 in
23、./min formembranes whose ultimate elongation exceeds 50 %.7.6 Measure the elongation of dumbbell specimens as thechange in distance between reference marks on the constrictedarea of the specimen (see Fig. 1). Discard all specimensbreaking outside the reference marks.7.7 Test a minimum of three speci
24、mens from each sample ateach selected temperature.7.8 Measure the moisture content of broken bituminousmembrane specimens in accordance with Test Method D95.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the strain by the following equation:s 5 100c 2 c0!/c0(1)where:s = specimen strain, %,c0= distance between referenc
25、e marks before application ofload, andc = distance between reference marks at a given load.8.2 Calculate the load/strain modulus by dividing one halfthe maximum load per unit specimen width by the strain at thatload in consistent units. Due to the difficulty of measuring thethickness of roofing memb
26、ranes, and their nonhomogeneity,loads should be reported in force per unit specimen width.9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Source and type of all components of the membrane,9.1.2 Specification for the membrane tested,9.1.3 Details of sample construction, including componentorienta
27、tion and dimensions, specimen shape, test temperature,rate of strain, number of specimens tested, and moisturecontent,9.1.4 Strain corresponding to each increase in load of 1.75kN/m 10.0 lbf/in. for each specimen,9.1.5 Load and strain at failure for each specimen,9.1.6 Load - strain diagram and modu
28、lus for each specimen,and9.1.7 Compute and report the average of all tests onspecimens from each sample at each temperature. Disregardindividual values exceeding the 5 % level of significance asdefined and computed in Practice E178, and compute a newaverage without them. The new average must be base
29、d on notless than three tests, and preferably more. Comment on anyobservable factors which may have contributed to large differ-ences from the average.NOTE 1All dimensions are in millimetres.FIG. 1 Tension Test Specimen.D2523/D2523M 13 (2019)1210. Keywords10.1 elongations; load-strains; moisture con
30、tents; roofingmembranes; temperaturesASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the ri
31、skof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of th
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34、 contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 13 (2019)13
