1、Designation: D8239 18Standard Specification forPerformance-Graded Asphalt Binder Using the MultipleStress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8239; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case
2、of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification2covers asphalt binders graded byperformance. Grading designations are rela
3、ted to the LTPP-Bind calculated maximum pavement design temperature, theminimum pavement design temperature, and the traffic loading.1.2 This specification incorporates Test Method D7405 fordetermining non-recoverable creep compliance, Jnr. “S,” “H,”“V,” or “E” designations must be specified for sta
4、ndard, high,very high, and extremely high traffic loading, respectively.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These no
5、tes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.NOTE 1A guidance document for specifying bodies using R % forelastic properties is under development.NOTE 2For asphalt binders graded by penetration at 25 C, seeSpecification D946/D946M. F
6、or asphalt binders graded by viscosity at60 C, see Specification D3381/D3381M. For performance-graded asphaltbinder, see Specification D6373.NOTE 3AASHTO R 29 provides non-mandatory information fordetermining the performance grade of an asphalt binder.1.5 This international standard was developed in
7、 accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.
8、1 ASTM Standards:3D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-mentsD92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by ClevelandOpen Cup TesterD95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products andBituminous Materials by DistillationD140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt MaterialsD946/D946M Spec
9、ification for Penetration-Graded AsphaltBinder for Use in Pavement ConstructionD2042 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials inTrichloroethyleneD2170/D2170M Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity ofAsphalts (Bitumens)D2171/D2171M Test Method for Viscosity of Asphalts byVacuum Capillary Viscomet
10、erD2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a MovingFilm of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)D3381/D3381M Specification for Viscosity-Graded AsphaltCement for Use in Pavement ConstructionD4402/D4402M Test Method for Viscosity Determination ofAsphalt at Elevated Temperatures Using a Rotatio
11、nalViscometerD5546 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Binders inToluene by Centrifuge (Withdrawn 2017)4D6373 Specification for Performance Graded AsphaltBinderD6521 Practice for Accelerated Aging of Asphalt BinderUsing a Pressurized Aging Vessel (PAV)D6648 Test Method for Determining the Flexural
12、 Creep1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 onAsphalt Specifications.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018. Published December 2018. Originallyapproved in 2018. DOI: 10.1520/D8239-18.2Th
13、is specification is based on SHRP Product 1001, AASHTO M 320, andAASHTO M 332.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on
14、the ASTM website.4The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognize
15、d principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1Stiffness of Asphalt Binder Using the Bending BeamRheometer (BBR)D67
16、23 Test Method for Determining the Fracture Propertiesof Asphalt Binder in Direct Tension (DT)D7175 Test Method for Determining the Rheological Prop-erties of Asphalt Binder Using a Dynamic Shear Rheom-eterD7405 Test Method for Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery(MSCR) of Asphalt Binder Using a Dynam
17、ic ShearRheometerD7553 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Materials inN-Propyl Bromide2.2 AASHTO Standards:5R29Practice for Grading or Verifying the PerformanceGrade of an Asphalt BinderM 332 Specification for Performance-Graded AsphaltBinder Using Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR)Test3. Term
18、inology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions for many terms common to asphalt binderare found in Terminology D8.4. Ordering Information4.1 When ordering under this specification, include in thepurchase order the performance grade (PG) of asphalt binderrequired, including the designation for traffic load
19、ing (forexample, D8239, PG 64V-22).NOTE 4The different generations of the LTPPBind program usedifferent algorithms and weather databases for determining the PG hightemperature for a location. The choice of which LTPPBind version to useis up to the specifier.4.2 The required environmental asphalt bin
20、der grades maybe selected by following the procedures described inAASHTOM 323 and R 35, except do not use the “grade bumping”procedure in M 323. Select the environmentally appropriatehigh and low temperature grades and the appropriate “S,” “H,”“V,” or “E” grade for the expected traffic level and tra
21、ffic loadrate.4.2.1 Standard Designation “S” in most typical situationswill be for traffic levels fewer than 10 million equivalentsingle-axle loads (ESALs) and less than the standard trafficload rate (70 km/h).4.2.2 High Designation “H” in most situations will be fortraffic levels of 10 to 30 millio
22、n ESALs or slow-moving traffic(20 to 70 km/h).4.2.3 Very High Designation “V” in most situations will befor traffic levels of greater than 30 million ESALs or standingtraffic (34404610162228344046162228344010162228344010162228344010162228341016222834OriginalBinderFlashpointtemp,D92,minC230Viscosity,
23、D4402/D4402M:Cmax3Pas,Testtemp,C135DynamicShear,D7175:DG*/sin,min1.00kPaETesttempat10rad/s,C46525864707682RollingThinFilmOven(TestMethodD2872)Masschange,max,percentF1.00MSCR,D7405:StandardTraffic“S”Jnr3.2,max4.5kPa1Jnrdiff,max75%Testtemp,C46525864707682MSCR,D7405:HeavyTraffic“H”Jnr3.2,max2.0kPa1Jnrd
24、iff,max75%Testtemp,C46525864707682MSCR,D7405:VeryHeavyTraffic“V”Jnr3.2,max1.0kPa1Jnrdiff,max75%Testtemp,C46525864707682MSCR,D7405:ExtremelyHeavyTraffic“E”Jnr3.2,max0.5kPa1Testtemp,C46525864707682PressureAgingVesselResidue(PracticeD6521)PAVagingtemp,CG9090100100100(110)100(110)100(110)DynamicShear,D7
25、175:“S”G*sin,max5000kPaETesttempat10rad/s,C10742522191613107252219161331282522191634312825221937343128254037343128DynamicShear,D7175:“H,”“V,”“E”G*sin,max6000kPaETesttempat10rad/s,C10742522191613107252219161331282522191634312825221937343128254037343128Creepstiffness,D6648:HS,max300MPam-value,min0.300
26、Testtempat60s,C243036061218243036612182430061218243006121824300612182406121824Directtension,D6723:HFailurestrain,min1.0%Testtempat1.0mm/min,C243036061218243036612182430061218243006121824300612182406121824AMSCRtestingonRTFOresidueshouldbeperformedatthePGgradebasedontheenvironmentalhighpavementtempera
27、ture.GradebumpingisaccomplishedbyrequiringalowerJnrvaluewhiletestingattheenvironmentaltemperature.BPavementtemperaturesareestimatedfromairtemperaturesusinganalgorithmcontainedintheLTPPBindprogram,orareprovidedbythespecifyingagency,excludingprovisionsforgradebumping.D8239 183CTherefereemethodshallbeT
28、estMethodD4402/D4402Musinga#21spindleat20RPM.Thisrequirementmaybewaivedatthediscretionofthespecifyingagencyifthesupplierwarrantsthattheasphaltbindercanbeadequatelypumpedandmixedattemperaturesthatmeetallapplicablesafetystandards.DForqualitycontrolofunmodifiedasphaltbinderproduction,measurementofthevi
29、scosityoftheoriginalasphaltbindermaybeusedtosupplementdynamicshearmeasurementsofG*/sinattesttemperatureswheretheasphaltisaNewtonianfluid.Anysuitablestandardmeansofviscositymeasurementmaybeused,includingcapillaryviscometry(TestMethodD2170/D2170MorD2171/D2171M)orrotationalviscometry.EG*/sin=hightemper
30、aturestiffnessandG*sin=intermediatetemperaturestiffness.FThemasschangeshallbelessthan1.00%foreitherapositive(massgain)oranegative(massloss)change.GThePAVagingtemperatureisbasedonsimulatedclimaticconditionsandisoneofthreetemperatures:90C,100Cor110C.NormallythePAVagingtemperatureis100CforPG58-xxandabo
31、ve.However,indesertclimates,thePAVagingtemperatureforPG70-xxandabovemaybespecifiedas110CHIfthecreepstiffnessisbelow300MPa,thedirecttensiontestisnotrequired.Ifthecreepstiffnessisbetween300and600MPa,thedirecttensionfailurestrainrequirementcanbeusedinlieuofthecreepstiffnessrequirement.Them-valuerequire
32、mentmustbesatisfiedinbothcases.Ifthecreepstiffnessandm-valuedataareunobtainablebecausethebinderistoosoftatthetesttemperature,theasphaltbinderwillbedeemedtopassatthatgradetemperatureifitmeetsthecreepstiffnessandm-valuerequirementsatthetesttemperatureminus6C.D8239 184AASHTO PG binder specifications is
33、, by itself, not a sufficient indicatorof fatigue performance of an asphalt binder or the asphalt concrete inasphalt pavement structures, or both.9. Rejection and Rehearing9.1 If the results of any test do not conform to the require-ments of this specification, retesting to determine conformity ispe
34、rformed as indicated in the purchase order or as otherwiseagreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.10. Keywords10.1 asphalt binder; direct tension; flash point; modifier;multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR); performancespecifications; pressure aging; rheologyAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Inform
35、ation)X1. SUMMARY OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SPECIFICATION D8239 AND AASHTO M 332-18X1.1 This specification was originally developed under thesponsorship of theAmericanAssociation of State Highway andTransportation Officials (AASHTO) as part of the StrategicHighway Research Program (SHRP) and subsequent
36、 worksponsored by AASHTO and the Federal Highway Administra-tion (FHWA). ASTMs version of this specification (Specifi-cation D8239) was modeled after and is similar to thecomparable AASHTO specification (AASHTO M 332, for-merly known as MP 19).X1.1.1 This new ASTM standard is aligned with M 332-18.A
37、ny differences are summarized below.X1.2 Differences in the Scope Section (Section 1 in BothStandards)X1.2.1 The ASTM standard references ASTM test methods,while the AASHTO standard references AASHTO test meth-ods.X1.2.2 The ASTM standard references the LTPPBind v2.0and higher software using a cumul
38、ative temperature model,while the AASHTO standard references the LTPPBind 1.0software using seven-day high temperature average.X1.2.3 The ASTM standard references a guidance standardunder development, while the AASHTO standard referencesthe existing guidance standard for use of R % for elasticproper
39、ties.X1.3 Differences in the Referenced Documents Section(Section 2 in Both Standards)X1.3.1 In most cases, the ASTM standard references ASTMdocuments, while the AASHTO standard references AASHTOdocuments. The correspondence between the referenced docu-ments is given in the following table. These di
40、fferences occurin the referenced document section (Section 2), as well aswithin the body of each standard.ASTMStandardAASHTOStandardSubjectD8 . . . TerminologyD92 T 48 Flash PointD95 T 55 Water ContentD140/D140M T 40 SamplingD946/D946M M 20 Penetration-Graded SpecificationD2042 T 44 Solubility in Tr
41、ichloroethyleneD2170/D2170M T 201 Kinematic ViscosityD2171/D2171M T 202 Absolute ViscosityD2872 T 240 Rolling Thin Film Oven TestD3381/D3381M M 226 Viscosity-Graded SpecificationD4402/D4402M T 316 Rotational ViscosityD5546 . . . Solubility by CentrifugeD6373 M 320 Performance-Graded SpecificationD65
42、21 R 28 Pressure Aging VesselD6648 T 313 Bending Beam RheometerD6723 T 314 Direct TensionD7175 T 315 Dynamic Shear RheometerD7405 T 350 MSCR Dynamic Shear RheometerD7553 . . . Solubility in N-Propyl BromidePP 28 R 35 Volumetric DesignR 29 Verifying/GradingM 323 Volumetric Mix DesignX1.4 Differences
43、in the Terminology Section (Section 3 inBoth Standards)X1.4.1 The AASHTO standard defines the term “asphaltbinder,” while the ASTM standard only references Terminol-ogy D8.X1.5 Differences in the Ordering Information Section(Section 4 in Both Standards)X1.5.1 The AASHTO standard includes a reference
44、 to theAASHTO guidance document on use of R %, while the ASTMstandard does not.X1.5.2 The ASTM standard includes paragraph 4.2.5 re-moving the Jnrdiffrequirement for “E” grades, while theAASHTO standard does not.X1.5.3 The ASTM standard includes Note 4, while theAASHTO standard does not.X1.6 Differe
45、nces in the Materials and Manufacture Sec-tion (Section 5 in Both Standards)X1.6.1 The ASTM standard allows naturally occurring as-phalts to be used for manufacturing PG-graded binders. TheAASHTO standard only allows asphalt binders from therefining of crude petroleum.X1.6.2 The AASHTO standard only
46、 allows organic modifi-ers for asphalt binders.X1.6.3 Both ASTM and AASHTO require the binder to be99.0 % soluble. However, the ASTM standard requires that“any insoluble component shall be substantially free of fibers.”The AASHTO standard does not include this requirement.D8239 185X1.6.4 For solubil
47、ity testing, the AASHTO standard allowsthe use of Test Method D5546 (withdrawn). The ASTMstandard does not.X1.6.5 The ASTM standard includes Note 6, while theAASHTO standard does not.X1.7 Differences in Other SectionsX1.7.1 Sections 610are essentially identical, except forany referenced documents as
48、 noted above and for the additionof Note 7.X1.7.2 TheAASHTO standard does not include thisAppen-dix.X1.8 Differences in the Body of Table 1X1.8.1 For high temperature grade, the ASTM standardcites the LTPPBind max pavement design temperature, whilethe AASHTO standard cites the average seven-day maxi
49、mumpavement design temperature.X1.8.2 The ASTM standard does not set a limit on Jnrdifffor“E” grades.X1.9 Differences in the Footnotes for Table 1X1.9.1 In footnote B, AASHTO provides additional optionsfor determining the grade selection temperature, while ASTMdoes not.X1.9.2 In footnote B, ASTM gives testing guidance for therotational viscosity test, while AASHTO does not.X1.9.3 In footnote C, ASTM gives more specifics forreferee viscosity
