1、Designation: F1460 07 (Reapproved 2013)F1460/F1460M 18Standard Practice forCalibrating Oil Spill Dispersant Application EquipmentBoom and Nozzle Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1460;F1460/F1460M; the number immediately following the designation indicatesthe year of origi
2、nal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and repo
3、rting the dosage rate of oil spill dispersant applicationequipment.1.2 This practice is applicable to spray systems employing booms and nozzles and is not fully applicable to other systems suchas fire monitors, sonic distributors, or fan-spray guns.1.3 This practice is applicable to systems for use
4、on ships or boats and helicopters or ships, boats, helicopters, or airplanes.1.4 This practice is one of four related to dispersant application systems using booms and nozzles. One is on design, one oncalibration, one on deposition, and one on the use of the systems. Familiarity with all four standa
5、rds is recommended.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in
6、 non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplic
7、ability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the Wo
8、rld Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1413 Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment: Boom and Nozzle Systems3. Significance and Use3.1 This practice will enable calibration of oil spill dispersant application equipm
9、ent and ensure a desired dosage and uniformityacross the swath width.3.2 The data provided by the methods described herein will permit the preparation of a chart relating delivery rate withapplication vehicle speed, flow meter reading or pump setting so that in actual application, the desired dosage
10、 will be achieved.3.3 This practice will ensure that a dispersant application system is functional, capable of delivering a specified dosage, and thatmajor components are operational. This will also ensure that the unit is functioning according to design specifications as detailedin Guide F1413.4. A
11、pparatus and Materials4.1 Pailsof capacity 7 to 20 L (22 to 5 U.S. gal)gal to catch the spray from the nozzles.1 This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.13on Treatment.Current edi
12、tion approved April 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2018. Published July 2013December 2018. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 asF1460 07.07(2013). DOI: 10.1520/F1460-07R13.10.1520/F1460-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Custom
13、er Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the
14、previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright AST
15、M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2 Graduated Cylinderof capacity 7 to 20 L 2 to 5 U.S. gal or a scale having capacity of at least 20 kg (45 lbs)45 lbsto determine the amount of fluid in each pail. Commercial equipment with an accu
16、racy of at least 1 % is adequate.4.3 Stopwatch.4.4 Test FluidWater can be used as a test fluid if the viscosity of the dispersant to be used is not dissimilar to the viscosityof water. A surrogatetest fluid should be used if the viscosity difference is greater than approximately 100 times that of wa
17、ter. Thiscan occur with more viscous dispersants or at low temperatures. The surrogatetest fluid could be water with the appropriate amountof thickener.4.5 A continuing supply of water or test fluid, enough to run the system during the test period, must be available. Tank truckquantities may be requ
18、ired.4.6 Auxiliary Power Units, where required.4.7 Thermometer, to measure the temperature of test fluid.4.8 FlowmeterA flowmeter should be incorporated into the delivery system to measure the total flow out to the booms andnozzles.5. Calibration Procedure5.1 SynopsisThe calibration procedure is don
19、e in four steps. The first step is equipment inspection. Any defects are correctedbefore further calibration. The second step is the calibration of the flow meter. The third step is calibration of the unit by catchingwater spray from each nozzle. The fourth step is the preparation of a calibration c
20、urve.5.2 Equipment Setup Place the application equipment at a suitable outdoor location and close to a supply of water or test fluid.Set up the equipment in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and inspect visually. Start the unit. All nozzles shouldvisually be producing approximately the
21、same amount of spray. Inoperative nozzles or other elements such as pressure gages orflow meters, are repaired or replaced before proceeding. The operation of pressure gages should be verified before proceeding.5.3 Dispersant Flow Meter Calibration:5.3.1 Calibrate the flow meter using a surrogatetes
22、t fluid. This surrogate fluid could be water or a surrogatetest fluid, ifnecessary. The withdrawal of test fluid from a calibrated vessel is timed to establish the flow rate. The calibration is done at aminimum of three flow rates and these should be chosen to represent typical minimum, average, and
23、 maximum dispersant flowrates.5.3.2 Fill the calibrated vessel with test fluid and connect the dispersant input line to it. Set the desired flow rate and start theunit. After a steady flow rate is established, begin the measurement. The measurement period should be sufficiently long to allowfor accu
24、rate measurements. Operate the spray system with all sub-systems and nozzles to ensure that the pressure drop across theflow meter is the same as during normal operations.5.3.3 Run the test at least three times for each of the flow rates and the numbers averaged for each flow rate. Data are used top
25、roduce a calibration chart for the flow rate.5.4 Nozzle Calibration:5.4.1 Calibrate the apparatus using water or a surrogate test fluid, if necessary, which is collected to establish test fluid flowrates. Start the unit, and when pressure and flow are constant, catch the output from each nozzle unde
26、r test using pails manipulatedby test personnel at the same time.Atimekeeper should give start and stop signals and maintain records of the time elapsed duringcollection of the fluid. Each run should last 30 to 60 s or long enough to fill one-half to two-thirds of the collection pail.All nozzlesmust
27、 be tested. Any number of nozzles can be tested at a time, but during any test all nozzles must be running.5.4.2 Determine the amount of fluid in each pail by weighing it and converting to volume, or by using a calibrated cylinder.Each pail should be numbered and pre-weighed (if weight is the system
28、 used for volume determination) before the run begins.Determine the amount of fluid sprayed from each nozzle immediately after collection. Compare the amount of fluid produced byeach nozzle to the calculated amount determined by taking the total flow divided by the number of nozzles. Total flow is t
29、he sumof the fluid collected from all the nozzles. The output of each nozzle should be within 10 % of the calculated average or designedamount. If not, the nozzles should be repaired or replaced and the calibration procedure repeated. Separate calibrations must bedone for each variation of pressure,
30、 number of operating nozzles, or type of nozzles.5.5 Calibration of Dispersant Addition (Eductor or Pump) SystemsBoat and ship systems sometimes apply dispersant mixedwith water. Addition systems are of two types, eductors and pumps. Both pumps and eductors are calibrated by measuring thevolume of d
31、ispersant surrogate test fluid added to the water stream. The systems are calibrated in the configuration they arenormally used. Calibrations are performed for each water pressure and water flow rate that would be used in actual practice.5.5.1 Eductor systems are cleaned and repaired (if necessary)
32、prior to calibration. Eductors require frequent maintenance,cleaning, and calibration. Eductors are calibrated by placing the suction tube into a calibrated cylinder and timing the withdrawalof material. Either the relative change per unit time of the water or the dispersant to be used is recorded o
33、ver at least three flowsettings to produce a calibration chart.F1460/F1460M 1825.5.2 Dispersant addition pumps are calibrated by measuring the flow input or output with a calibrated cylinder or by weight.Tests are run at three pump settings representing a minimum, a maximum, and one or more typical
34、operating-flow-rate setting.5.6 Calibration FrequencySystems should be calibrated at least once a year. Systems should be cleaned and re-calibrated aftereach use and after making system configuration changes.5.7 Report of Calibration ProcedurePerform the calibration of the application system at thre
35、e or more different equipmentsettings to produce an overall dispersant delivery chart and a flow meter correction chart.6. Data Reporting6.1 Data shall be accurate to two significant figures. Tables or graphs are prepared showing dispersant delivery rate in L/min(oror U.S. gal/min)gal/min with pump
36、settings and flow meter data.7. Keywords7.1 boom and nozzles; dispersant application; dispersant spray equipment; dispersants; oil spill chemicals; oil spill dispersants;oil spill treating agentsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection
37、with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible te
38、chnical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful considera
39、tion at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr H
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