1、Designation: F519 18Standard Test Method forMechanical Hydrogen Embrittlement Evaluation of Plating/Coating Processes and Service Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F519; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the
2、case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This t
3、est method describes mechanical test methods anddefines acceptance criteria for coating and plating processesthat can cause hydrogen embrittlement in steels. Subsequentexposure to chemicals encountered in service environments,such as fluids, cleaning treatments or maintenance chemicalsthat come in c
4、ontact with the plated/coated or bare surface ofthe steel, can also be evaluated.1.2 This test method is not intended to measure the relativesusceptibility of different steels. The relative susceptibility ofdifferent materials to hydrogen embrittlement may be deter-mined in accordance with Test Meth
5、od F1459 and Test MethodF1624.1.3 This test method specifies the use of air melted SAE4340 steel (Grade A, see 7.1.1) per SAE AMS 6415 (formerlySAEAMS-S-5000 and formerly MIL-S-5000) or an alternativeVAR (Vacuum Arc Remelt) SAE 4340 steel (Grade B, see7.1.1) per SAE AMS 6414, and both are heat treat
6、ed to 260 to280 ksi (pounds per square inch 1000) as the baseline. Thiscombination of alloy and heat treat level has been used formany years and a large database has been accumulated in theaerospace industry on its specific response to exposure to awide variety of maintenance chemicals, or electropl
7、atedcoatings, or both. Components with ultimate strengths higherthan 260 to 280 ksi may not be represented by the baseline. Insuch cases, the cognizant engineering authority shall determinethe need for manufacturing specimens from the specific mate-rial and heat treat condition of the component. Dev
8、iations fromthe baseline shall be reported as required by 12.1.2. Thesensitivity to hydrogen embrittlement shall be demonstrated foreach lot of specimens as specified in 9.5.NOTE 1Extensive testing has shown that VAR 4340 steel may be usedas an alternative to the air melted steel with no loss in sen
9、sitivity.2NOTE 2VAR 4340 also meets the requirements in AMS 6415 andcould be used as an alternative to air melt steel by the steel suppliersbecause AMS 6415 does not specify a melting practice.1.4 Test procedures and acceptance requirements are speci-fied for seven specimens of different sizes, geom
10、etries, andloading configurations.1.5 Pass/Fail RequirementsFor plating/coating processes,specimens must meet or exceed 200 h using a sustained loadtest (SLT) at the levels shown in Table 3.1.5.1 The loading conditions and pass/fail requirements forservice environments are specified in Annex A5.1.5.
11、2 If approved by the cognizant engineering authority, aquantitative, accelerated ( 24 h) incremental step-load (ISL)test as defined in Annex A3 may be used as an alternative toSLT.1.6 This test method is divided into two parts. The first partgives general information concerning requirements for hydr
12、o-gen embrittlement testing. The second is composed of annexesthat give specific requirements for the various loading andspecimen configurations covered by this test method (seesection 9.1 for a list of types) and the details for testing serviceenvironments.1.7 The values stated in the foot-pound-se
13、cond (fps) systemin inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The valuesgiven in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI unitsthat are provided for information only and are not consideredstandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associate
14、d with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 onAerospace and Aircraf
15、t and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.04 onHydrogen Embrittlement.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originallyapproved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F519 17a. DOI:10.1520/F0519-18.2“Final Report - Design of Experiment Approach to Hy
16、drogen Re-Embrittlement Evaluation WP-2152”; S.M Grendahl, H. Nguyen, F. Kellogg, S.Zhu, S. Jones; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program(SERDP); Project WP-2152; July 2015; https:/www.serdp-estcp.org/Program-Areas/Weapons-Systems-and-Platforms/Surface-Engineering-and-StructuralMat
17、erials/WP-2152.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevel
18、opment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.11.9 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on
19、 Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B374 Terminology Relating to ElectroplatingB851 Specification for Automated Controlled S
20、hot Peeningof Metallic Articles Prior to Nickel, Autocatalytic Nickel,or Chromium Plating, or as Final FinishD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardnes
21、s of Metallic Ma-terialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture NotchTension Tests of MaterialsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE
22、709 Guide for Magnetic Particle TestingE1417 Practice for Liquid Penetrant TestingE1444 Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingE1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture TestingF1459 Test Method for Determination of the Susceptibilityof Metallic Materials to Hydrogen Gas Embrittlement(HGE)F16
23、24 Test Method for Measurement of Hydrogen Em-brittlement Threshold in Steel by the Incremental StepLoading TechniqueF2078 Terminology Relating to Hydrogen EmbrittlementTestingG5 Reference Test Method for Making PotentiodynamicAnodic Polarization MeasurementsG38 Practice for Making and Using C-Ring
24、Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens2.2 SAE AMS Standard:4AMS 2430 (R) Shot Peening, AutomaticAMS 2759/2 Heat Treatment of Low-Alloy Steel PartsMinimum Tensile Strength 220 ksi (1517 MPa) andHigherAMS 2759/11 Stress Relief of Steel PartsAMS 6360 Steel Tubing, Seamless 0.95Cr 0.20Mo (0.28 0.33C) (SAE 4130
25、) Normalized or Stress RelievedAMS 6414 Steel, Bars, Forgings, and Tubing (SAE 4340)Vacuum Consumable Electrode RemeltedAMS 6415 Steel, Bars, Forgings, and Tubing (SAE 4340)AMS-QQ-P-416 Plating, Cadmium (Electrodeposited)2.3 Military and Federal Standards and Commercial ItemDescriptions:5MIL-PRF-161
26、73 Corrosion Preventive Compound, SolventCutback, Cold-ApplicationCommercial Item Description (CID) A-A-55827 ChromiumTrioxide, Technical3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms used in this testmethod may be found in Terminology B374, TerminologyE1823 and Terminology F2078.3.2 Acronyms and
27、 Abbreviations:AISI = American Iron and Steel Institutea/W = notch depth-to-width ratiod/D = ratio of minor to major diameters at the notchESH = Environmental, Safety and Healthfps = foot pound secondHRC = Rockwell Hardness Scale CID = inside diameterISL = incremental step load3For referenced ASTM s
28、tandards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrend
29、ale, PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.5Copies of these documents are available at http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/ or http:/assist.daps.dla.mil or from the Standardization DocumentOrder Desk, 700 Robins Ave., Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.TABLE 1 Lot Acceptance Criteria for Notched
30、SpecimensType ItemSampling ofEach LotRequirement/Method1 Tensile Strength 4 eachTest Method E8. Tensilestrength of each specimenmust be within 10 ksi of theaverage.1 HardnessA5 % 51 to 53 HRC per TestMethods E18.Round the average ofthree readings perspecimen per PracticeE29.1 Dimensions 100 % Meet t
31、olerances ofcorrespondingdrawings. Notchdimension verified withshadow graphicprojection at 50 to100 or equivalent.1 Notched FractureStrength (NFS)10 ea Test Methods E8/E8M. NFS ofeach specimenmust be within 10 ksiof the average.1c Self-loadingnotched roundspecimen bendfixture, Fig. A2.710 ea Alterna
32、te: The number ofturns of the loadingbolt, which is requiredto produce fracture ineach specimen, must bewithin 5 % of theaverage.1d Self-loadingnotched C-Ringbend fixture,Fig. A2.810 ea Alternate: The change indiameter at fractureload for each specimenmust be within 0.008inches of the average.AIf th
33、e hardness requirements of any of the sampled specimens are not satisfied,only those specimens of the lot that are individually inspected for conformance tothese requirements shall be used for testing.F519 182kip = pounds load multiplied by 1000ksi = pounds-force per square inch multiplied by 1000Kt
34、= stress concentration factorLS = longitudinal short transverseNFS = notched fracture strengthOD = outside diameterpsi = pounds-force per square inchRMS = root mean squareSAE AMS = Society of Automotive Engineers AerospaceMaterial SpecificationSCE = saturated calomel electrodeSLT = sustained load te
35、stT.I.R. = total indicated runout4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 Plating/coating ProcessesUnstressed test specimensare cleaned, plated/coated, and baked (if applicable) in accor-dance with the specification to which the process is to bequalified. Specimens are then maintained under a sustainedload in
36、air to measure the time to rupture/completion of the testperiod.4.2 Service EnvironmentsSpecimens are tested in theservice environment. The sequence of exposure to the environ-ment and loading shall be as defined in Annex A5.Ifplated/coated test specimens are to be utilized for evaluating aservice e
37、nvironment, then the plating/coating process must firstbe determined to be acceptable in accordance with 4.1.5. Significance and Use5.1 Plating/coating ProcessesThis test method provides ameans by which to detect possible hydrogen embrittlement ofsteel parts during manufacture by verifying strict co
38、ntrolsduring production operations such as surface preparation,pretreatments, and plating/coating. It is also intended to beused as a qualification test for new plating/coating processesand as a periodic inspection audit for the control of aplating/coating process.5.2 Service EnvironmentThis test me
39、thod provides ameans by which to detect possible hydrogen embrittlement ofsteel parts (plated/coated or bare) due to contact with chemicalsduring manufacturing, overhaul and service life. The details oftesting in a service environment are found in Annex A5.6. Apparatus6.1 Testing MachineTesting mach
40、ines shall be within theguidelines of calibration, force range, resolution, bendingstrain, and verification of Practices E4 and Test Methods E292as applicable.6.1.1 The force measurement on test machines used fornotched round tension specimens, shall be via analyticalcalculations such as for dead we
41、ight or lever arm type hangingweight machines, or by routine empirical measurement (elec-tronic output) such as for strain gauge load cells. Estimatingtest loads that are derived from load ring deflections only is notallowed, unless the effects of specimen grip joint compliance isknown, is accounted
42、 for, and within Practice E4 and TestMethod E8/E8M tolerances. Strain gauge load cellmeasurements/results can be used in conjunction with load ringdeflections.TABLE 2 Electroplating Bath Compositions and Operating Conditions for Sensitivity TestItem Treatment A Treatment BBath composition: Range Opt
43、imumCadmium (as CdO) 2.9 to 5.5 oz/gal (22 to41 g/L)4.5 oz/gal (33.7 g/L) same as Treatment ATotal Sodium cyanide(NaCN)12.0 to 16.0 oz/gal (89.9to 120 g/L)14 oz/gal (104 g/L) same as Treatment ARatio NaCN to CdO 2.8/1 to 6.0/1 3.0/1 same as Treatment ApH 12.0 or greater 12.0 same as Treatment ATempe
44、rature 7090F (2132C) 75F (24C) same as Treatment ASodium hydroxide(NaOH)A1.0 to 3.2 oz/gal (7.5 to24.0 g/L)2.5 oz/gal (18.7 g/L) same as Treatment ABrightener such asColcad 100BorequivalentManufacturers suggested range NoneElectroplating current 10 A/ft2(108 A/m2) 60 A/ft2(645 A m2)Electroplating ti
45、me 30 minutes 6 minutesBakingBaking temperature 375 25F (190 14C) same as Treatment ABaking time: Type 1SpecimenDo Not Bake 23 hBaking time: Type 2aSpecimen8h 23hChromate TreatmentCYes same as Treatment AAAddition of sodium hydroxide may not be required on solution makeup, since the addition of 1 oz
46、/gal of cadmium oxide is equivalent to 0.6 oz/gal of free hydroxide.BThe sole source of manufacture of Colcad 100 known to the committee at this time is Columbia Chemical in Brunswick, Ohio, . If you areaware of alternative manufacturers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headqua
47、rters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.CAfter baking, the specimens shall be dipped into any appropriate chromate conversion coating solution for minimum time that will produce an adherent and continuouscoating
48、 as described in AMS-QQ-P-416 Type II.TABLE 3 Pass/Fail Loading Requirements of Test SpecimensType 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e 75 % of the tensile or bend NFS (Table 1).Type 2a 92 % of the Test Methods E8/E8M, E4 ultimatestrength, obtained by deflecting a 2.300-inch diameterO-Ring specimen with a 2.525-inch
49、stressing bar.F519 1836.2 Gripping DevicesVarious types of gripping devicesmay be used in either tension or bending to transmit the loadapplied by the testing machine or self-loading frame to the testspecimen.6.3 Series LoadingSamples may be loaded on a test frameeither individually or by multiples in series. All specimensloaded onto an individual test frame shall have the samecertified NFS 6 1 %. In the event that one or more of thespecimens fracture during the designated test period, thefractured specimen(s) shall be rem
