1、g44g40g40g40g3g54g87g71g3g20g23g23g26g20g140g16g21g19g20g19g44g40g40g40g3g42g88g76g71g72g3g73g82g85g3g36g71g82g83g87g76g82g81g3g82g73g3g44g54g50g18g44g40g38g3g55g53g3g20g23g23g26g20g29g21g19g19g26g44g81g73g82g85g80g68g87g76g82g81g3g55g72g70g75g81g82g79g82g74g92g179g54g82g73g87g90g68g85g72g40g81g74g7
2、6g81g72g72g85g76g81g74g179g42g88g76g71g72g79g76g81g72g86g3g73g82g85g3g87g75g72g36g71g82g83g87g76g82g81g3g82g73g3g38g36g54g40g3g55g82g82g79g86g44g40g40g40g3g38g82g80g83g88g87g72g85g3g54g82g70g76g72g87g92g54g83g82g81g86g82g85g72g71g3g69g92g3g87g75g72g54g82g73g87g90g68g85g72g3g9g3g54g92g86g87g72g80g86g
3、3g40g81g74g76g81g72g72g85g76g81g74g3g54g87g68g81g71g68g85g71g86g3g38g82g80g80g76g87g87g72g72g44g40g40g40g22g3g51g68g85g78g3g36g89g72g81g88g72g3g49g72g90g3g60g82g85g78g15g3g49g60g3g20g19g19g20g25g16g24g28g28g26g15g3g56g54g36g3g3g28g3g54g72g83g87g72g80g69g72g85g3g21g19g20g19g20g23g23g26g20g55g48IEEE S
4、td 14471TM-2010 IEEE Guide for Adoption of ISO/IEC TR 14471:2007 Information Technology Software Engineering Guidelines for the Adoption of CASE Tools Sponsor Software +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained thro
5、ugh the Copyright Clearance Center. iv Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 14471-2010, IEEE Guide for Adoption of ISO/IEC TR 14471:2007 Information TechnologySoftware EngineeringGuidelines for the Adoption of CASE Tools. The IEEE and ISO/I
6、EC JTC 1/SC 7 have a long history of working together on standards related to the adoption of CASE tools. IEEE standards on the subject have been provided to SC 7 for use as base documents, and the IEEE has adopted some of the resulting ISO/IEC standards but under different numbers. As a result of a
7、 systematic program of harmonization, both SC 7 and the IEEE have identical standards for CASE tool adoption, numbered 14102 and 14471. In each case, SC 7 developed the standards, based on earlier IEEE standards and with the assistance of review and commenting via the Category A liaison relationship
8、 with the IEEE Computer Society, and IEEE adopted the results. IEEE Std 1462-1998 is an adoption of ISO/IEC 14102:1995. All references to ISO/IEC 14102:1995 apply equally well to its IEEE counterpart. IEEE Std 14102-2010 is an identical adoption of ISO/IEC 14102:2008, the most recent edition of the
9、standard. Notice to users Laws and regulations Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing
10、or referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made avai
11、lable for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this document available for use and adoption by public autho
12、rities and private users, the IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to this document. v Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. Updating of IEEE documents Users of IEEE standards should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amen
13、ded from time to time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the cu
14、rrent edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association web site at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or contact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards A
15、ssociation or the IEEE standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA web site at http:/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check t
16、his URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this guide may require use of subject matter covered by paten
17、t rights. By publication of this guide, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validi
18、ty or scope of Patents Claims or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the val
19、idity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. vi Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. Participants At the time this guide was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standa
20、rds Board for approval, the 14471 Working Group had the following membership: Carl Singer, Chair for Adoption James Moore, Computer Society Liaison Representative to ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7 The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this guide. Balloters may have voted for appro
21、val, disapproval, or abstention. Zulema Belyeu Martin J. Bishop Pieter Botman Lyle Bullock Juan Carreon Lawrence Catchpole Keith Chow S. Claassen Paul Croll Geoffrey Darnton David Deighton Thomas Dineen Carlo Donati Sourav Dutta Andrew Fieldsend David Fuschi Ramez Gerges Ron Greenthaler Randall Grov
22、es John Harauz Mark Henley Frank Hill Werner Hoelzl Robert Holibaugh Bernard Homes Paul Isaacs Atsushi Ito St. Clair James Piotr Karocki Rameshchandra Ketharaju Dwayne Knirk Thomas Kurihara Susan Land David J. Leciston G. Luri David Massart James Moore Annette Reilly Bartien Sayogo Robert Schaaf Dav
23、id J. Schultz Gil Shultz Carl Singer Friedrich Stallinger Walter Struppler Marcy Stutzman Oren Yuen Janusz ZalewskiWhen the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this guide on 17 June 2010, it had the following membership: Robert M. Grow, Chair Richard H. Hulett, Vice Chair Steve M. Mills, Past President
24、 Judith Gorman, Secretary Karen Bartleson Victor Berman Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Andy Drozd Alexander Gelman Jim Hughes Young Kyun Kim Joseph L. Koepfinger* John Kulick David J. Law Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Ronald C. Petersen Thomas Prevost Jon Walter Rosdahl Sam Sciacca Mike Seavey Curtis S
25、iller Don Wright *Member Emeritus vii Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish Aggarwal, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Lisa Perry IEEE Standards Program
26、Manager, Document Development Malia Zaman IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development viii Copyright 2010 IEEE. All rights reserved. Contents of IEEE adoption of ISO/IEC TR 14471:2007 ISO/IEC TR 14471:2007 . 1 IEEE Guide for Adoption of ISO/IEC TR 14471:2007 Information Technology
27、Software Engineering Guidelines for the Adoption of CASE Tools IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health practic
28、es or regulatory requirements. This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimer
29、s Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. Reference numberISO/IEC TR 14471:2007(E)ISO/IEC 2007TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/IECTR14471Second edition2007-10-15Information technology Software engineering Guidelines f
30、or the adoption of CASE tools Technologies de linformation Ingnierie du logiciel Lignes directrices pour ladoption doutils CASE ISO/IEC TR 14471:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but sha
31、ll not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area.
32、 Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by
33、ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in a
34、ny form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 g120 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41
35、 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reservedISO/IEC TR 14471:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Terms, definitions and abbreviations2 2.1 Terms and definitions .2 2.2 Ab
36、breviations 2 3 Critical success factors (CSF) for adoption .2 4 Overview of CASE adoption.3 4.1 Preparation process4 4.2 Evaluation and selection process .5 4.3 Pilot project process.5 4.4 Transition process 5 5 Preparation process6 5.1 Setting goals 7 5.2 Verifying feasibility and measurability8 5
37、.3 Setting policy .8 5.4 Developing a plan8 6 Evaluation and selection process .9 7 Pilot project process.10 7.1 Pilot initiation.11 7.2 Pilot performance12 7.3 Pilot evaluation12 7.4 Decision for a next step13 8 Transition process 14 8.1 Initiation for transition 15 8.2 Training.16 8.3 Transition t
38、o routine use 16 8.4 Evaluation of adoption project and completion.17 Annex A (informative) Analysis of CASE adoption questionnaire.18 Annex B (informative) Cross reference for adoption process and critical success factors.20Bibliography22 ISO/IEC TR 14471:2007(E) iv ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved
39、Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through techni
40、cal committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part
41、 in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare Intern
42、ational Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, the joint technical
43、 committee may propose the publication of a Technical Report of one of the following types: type 1, when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts; type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where for any
44、other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard; type 3, when the joint technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example). Technic
45、al Reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publication, to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. Technical Reports of type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are considered to be no longer valid or useful.
46、Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC TR 14471, which is a Technical Report of type 2, was prepared by Joint Technical Comm
47、ittee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 7, Software and systems engineering. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC TR 14471:1999), which has been technically revised. ISO/IEC TR 14471:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved vIntroduction Historical
48、ly, there have been problems experienced by organisations in adopting CASE (computer aided software engineering) tools. Because organisations have not gained the expected benefits of CASE technology, it is hoped that the use of a well-founded CASE adoption process will help achieve successful adopti
49、on of CASE tools. A survey conducted by ISO/IEC JTC1/SC7/WG4 (See Annex A: Analysis of CASE adoption questionnaire) offers some hope that these problems may be improving. This survey suggests that CASE tools are performing new capabilities and getting easier to use, that users expectations are getting more sophisticated, and that CASE tools are more likely to meet their goals. However, according to the survey, there remain a number of continuing problems. There has not been sufficient attention given to pilot trials of CAS
