1、IEEE Std 1625-2008(Revision ofIEEE Std 1625-2004)IEEE Standard for RechargeableBatteries for Multi-Cell MobileComputing DevicesIEEE3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997, USA20 October 2008IEEE Power +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroo
2、m use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. iv Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Introduction The Portable Computer Battery Working Group was created to provide a platform based on the experience of industry leaders in cell, battery pack, and systems management leading
3、 to design approaches for mobile computing devices, such as notebook computers. This standard focuses on design approaches for the reliable operation of mobile computing devices and similar rechargeable battery-operated systems with multiple cells in series or series and parallel. Third-party certif
4、ication is out of the scope of this standard. This standard may be relevant to other devices, but these devices were not expressly considered in the development of this standard. Users of mobile computing devices with only one or more cells in parallel (but none in series) are directed to IEEE Std 1
5、725-2006 B18afor possible applicability. Figure a presents the need for an approach involving all subsystems of the system, including the end user and environment, to arrive at a satisfactory end-user experience. It is necessary to examine all design margins in combination to understand the true eff
6、ect of a multiple-fault response on the mobile computing device. The standard addresses the following questions: g127 What are the critical operational parameters? g127 How do these parameters change with time and environment? g127 What are the effects of extremes in temperature, pressure, and impac
7、t? A total system view is required to protect the design margins in the various components. The goal of reliability and positive end-user experience requires that design margins be maintained as end-user patterns, profiles, and duty cycles change. This standard applies to all types of rechargeable l
8、ithium-ion (Li-ion) and lithium-ion polymer (Li-ion polymer) batteries and battery packs with multiple series cells or series and parallel for use in mobile computing devices. The intent of this standard is to consider the interaction of the technologies manufactured by cell manufacturers, battery p
9、ack assemblers, and systems integrators. Because of the nature of the interactions between the battery and the host device, a system approach shall be used in developing an appropriate operating envelope for the system. The provisions of this standard are intended to provide considerations for desig
10、n analyses to minimize the occurrence of failures leading to hazards. For devices that have multiple functions, manufacturers may choose the primary function of the device to determine which standard applies. This standard is a system-level standard as depicted in Figure a. Overall compliance is dep
11、endent on conformity to each and every subclause of this standard. Compliance with the standard cannot be achieved by any particular multi-cell mobile computing device or subsystem alone without considering the conformity of all subsystems within the system as well as the end user. It is incumbent u
12、pon the manufacturers/suppliers of the host device, battery pack, and cell to thoroughly review their designs, alone and in conjunction with other subsystems, to identify faults that could propagate hazards. Once it has been ascertained that the cell, battery pack, and host device conform to all of
13、their particular subclause requirements, the overall system compliance is not complete until the manufacturer/supplier completes a thorough design analysis, for example, design failure mode and effects analysis, to ensure their particular design minimizes the risk of hazards that may occur during in
14、tended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. Additionally, the recommended end-user education and communication should be followed. aThe numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex G. This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1625-2008, IEEE Standard for Rechargeable Batter
15、ies for Multi-Cell Mobile Computing Devices. v Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Figure aConceptual diagram of a mobile computing device and its end user. Examples of functions for each subsystem component are shown This standard includes seven annexesone normative annex, which is required f
16、or compliance with this standard, and six informative annexes, which are not required for compliance with this standard. Annex A (informative) briefly describes failure mode effects and analysis techniques. Annex B (informative) provides guidance about a two-fault tolerant system analysis. Annex C (
17、informative) reports environmental considerations encountered in automobiles. Annex D (informative) provides information about test methodologies to evaluate a battery cells ability to withstand internal shorts due to manufacturing, design, or external abuse. The only normative annex contained herei
18、n, Annex E, includes a template for describing battery cell characteristics. The template in Annex E identifies those characteristics that shall be communicated on a Cell specification sheet. Annex F (informative) is a glossary of definitions that this standard uses that are not unique to this stand
19、ard; however, they are provided for better understanding of this standard. Annex G (informative) contains bibliographic references. Disclaimer Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to the regulatory requirements that are applicable to cell, battery packs, and syst
20、ems. Care must be used to observe and refer to the applicable regulatory requirements, as part of the intended design analyses, for this standard does not assure protection or safety. This standard sets forth recommendations for design analyses and certain testing procedures. The level of protection
21、 and safety resulting from applying this standard depends on the implementation by the manufacturer/supplier and the actions of the end user. Compliance with this standard does not guarantee safety in all circumstances. vi Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Notice to users Laws and regulation
22、s Users of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatory req
23、uirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights This document is copyrighted by the IEEE. It is made available for a wide variety of both public and p
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27、nda, or errata, visit the IEEE Standards Association Web site at http:/ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/standards.jsp, or contact the IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the IEEE standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA Web site at http:
28、/standards.ieee.org. Errata Errata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Interpretations Current interpretations can be accessed
29、at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/ index.html. vii Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standar
30、d, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims or dete
31、rmining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and th
32、e risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Participants At the time this standard was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the Portable Computer Battery Working Group had the
33、following entity membership: Amperex Technology Ltd. (ATL) Apple Inc. Asahi KASEI Chemicals Corporation Battery Association of Japan BYD Celgard Compal Electronics, Inc. Dell Inc. Gateway Hewlett Packard Company IBM Corporation Intel Intersil Lenovo LG Chem Panasonic PC TEST Engineering Laboratory,
34、Inc. Samsung SDI Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Shenzhen BAK Battery Co. Sony Corporation Texas Instruments, Inc. Tianjin Lishen Battery Jt-Stock Co., Ltd. Tonen Chemical Nasu Co., Ltd. Tyco Electronics Underwriters Laboratories Inc. The following entity members of the balloting committee voted on this st
35、andard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. Amperex Technology Ltd. (ATL) Asahi KASEI Chemicals Corporation Battery Association of Japan Dell Inc. Hewlett Packard Company Intel International Business Machines Motorola, Inc. Panasonic PC TEST Engineering Laboratory, Inc
36、 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Sony Corporation Texas Instruments, Inc. Underwriters Laboratories Inc. The Portable Computer Battery Working Group gratefully acknowledges the contributions of the following organizations and participants. Without their assistance and dedication, this standard would not h
37、ave been completed. Organization Participant American Lithium Energy .Jiang Fan Amperex Technology Ltd. (ATL)Anthony Wong Li-Yan Zhu Frank J. Wang Apple Inc. Sergio Hernandez Simon Rate Luna Ding Warwick Wong Asahi KASEI Chemicals Corporation .Kentaro Sako Toshiyuki Furuyama Battery Association of J
38、apanScott Takahashi Mitsuzo Nogami viii Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Broddarp Ralph Brodd, Technical Editor BYD.Michael Li Ad Huang Xu wan zu Huajun Sun Zhong Sheng Liu Huaping Jiang Menfeng Lu Han Liu Yang Celgard.John Zhang Prem Ramadass John Jutila Compal Electronics, Inc.CT Chuang D
39、ell Inc. .Bill Kabele, Co-Chair Bruce Miller Jay Chang Max Chuang Delia Lee Justin Yu Thomas Homorodi Fu-Sheng Tsai Dynapack International Technology CorporationJ. J. Sheu Ricky Fang Hammer Yen Vincent Tung Andy Tsai Gateway.Gregory Call Michael Flannery Anythony Edwards Hewlett Packard Company.John
40、 Wozniak David Ling IBM CorporationJune Andersen Rick Fishbune Yoshiharu Kudoh Koichi Sato IntelAndy Keates Phil Wennblom Leo Heiland Gary Lee Intersil .Ronil Patel Kun Xing Shea Petricek Inventec Corporation .Joe Wang Tommy Liang Lenovo.Timothy Humphrey Ken Seethaler Jeremy Carlson Bouziane Yebka L
41、G Chem .Randy Koo Martin H. G. Yoon Chahun Ku Joon-Young Shin MicroPower Electronics.Robin Tichy Todd Sweetland Motorola, Inc. Yogesh Vasudev Xuguang Tu By Huang ix Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Panasonic .Charles Monahan Joji Nishimura Iichiro Mori Tetsu Hashimoto Shinichi Itoh Keisuke
42、Tanaka PC TEST Engineering Laboratory, IncHeng Te Jae Sik Chung Chan Wan Park Divina O. Enderes H. J. Sun Randy Ortanez Samsung SDI .David Hwang Han Cheol (Luis) Cho KyungJoon Park Sang-Uck Kim Luis Cho Jeff Yang Jay Chung Allen Kim Sanyo Electric Co., LtdAkio Furukawa Kazuro Moriwaki Andrew Sirjord
43、 Toru Morioka Koji Tanaka Takashi Mori Hideyuki Nagaya Shenzhen BAK Battery Co. .Zhongyi Deng Ulrich von Sacken Henry Mao Amy Zhang Jane Jiang Fang Jin Chunyang Lu Mark Chen Chiwei Wang Sony Corporation.Jean Baronas, Co-Chair Kenji Enomoto Kazuya Kojima Julio Posse Koji Sekai James Williamson Hirota
44、ka Sakai Mikio Mukai Munekazu Aoki Kenji Tsuchiya Naoyuki Nakajima TDK.Satoshi Maruyama Texas Instruments, Inc.Garry Elder Bob Shoemaker Eddie Chou Mark Konopacky Joe Freiman John Houldsworth Tianjin Lishen Battery Jt-Stock Co., Ltd. Thomas Deakin George Thomas Shigeru Oishi Sai Praturu TIAX LLC .Br
45、ian Barnett Tonen Chemical Nasu Co., LtdMichael Lesniewski Kazuhiro Yamada Haruo Mizukami x Copyright 2008 IEEE. All rights reserved. Toshiba Peter Leone Susumu Onoda Kiyokazu Yoneda Tyco Electronics Like Xie Mario Gomez Ismat Jahan Johnny Lam Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Laurie Florence Ellen Cha
46、ng Manuel Marco U.S. Consumer Products Safety CommissionDouglas Lee U.S. Department of Transportation Charles Ke When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 26 September 2008, it had the following membership: Robert M. Grow, Chair Thomas Prevost, Vice Chair Steve Mills, Past Chair Jud
47、ith Gorman, Secretary Victor Berman Richard DeBlasio Andy Drozd Mark Epstein Alexander Gelman William Goldbach Arnie Greenspan Ken Hanus Jim Hughes Richard Hulett Young Kyun Kim Joseph L. Koepfinger* John Kulick David J. Law Glenn Parsons Ron Petersen Chuck Powers Narayanan Ramachandran Jon Walter R
48、osdahl Anne-Marie Sahazizian Malcolm Thaden Howard Wolfman Don Wright *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative Michael H. Kelley, NIST Representative Lisa Perry IEEE Standards Project Editor Don Messina IEEE S
49、tandards Program Manager, Document Development Matthew J. Ceglia IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development Noelle Humenick IEEE Standards Corporate Client Manager Contents 1. Overview .1 1.1 Scope 2 2. Normative references.2 3. Definitions.3 4. System integration considerations.6 4.1 General .6 4.2 Specifications and components.6 4.3 Additional specifications 8 5. Cell considerations 8 5.1 General .8 5.2 Design requirements .10 5.3 General manufacturing considerations .14 5.4 Spiral winding and stacking process.16 5.5 Assembly precautions.17 5.6 Cri
