1、 IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Electric Power Station Ground Potential Rise and Induced Voltage from a Power Fault Sponsored by the Power System Communications Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA 21 May 2012 IEEE Power +1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy por
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15、 At the time this IEEE recommended practice was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the Wire-line Working Group had the following membership: Percy E. Pool, Co-Chair and Technical Editor Larry S. Young, Co-Chair and Secretary Ron Baysden Steve Blume Joe Boyles Claude Brisson Timot
16、hy Conser Jean DeSeve Ernest M. Duckworth, Jr. John Fuller Ernie Gallo Gaetano Grano David P. Hartmann Daniel Jendek Richard L. Knight Randall Mears Mark Simon John Wruble The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this recommended practice. Balloters may have voted for app
17、roval, disapproval, or abstention. William J. Ackerman Michael Adams Roger Avery Ali Al Awazi Ron Baysden Joe Boyles Gustavo Brunello William Bush William Byrd Arvind K. Chaudhary Timothy Conser Brian Cramer Randall Dotson Ernest M. Duckworth, Jr. Donald Dunn Gary Engmann Ernie Gallo George Gela Fra
18、nk Gerleve Jalal Gohari Gaetano Grano Randall C. Groves Gary Hoffman Gerald Johnson Chad Kiger James Kinney Richard L. Knight Joseph L. Koepfinger Jim Kulchisky Lawrence Long Jinxi Ma Michael Maytum William McBride William McCoy Adi Mulawarman Jerry Murphy H. E. Nerhood Arthur Neubauer Michael S. Ne
19、wman Lorraine Padden Mirko Palazzo S. Patel Percy E. Pool Iulian Profir Charles Rogers Jesse Rorabaugh Bartien Sayogo Mark Simon James Smith Jerry Smith Gary Stoedter William Taylor Eric Udren John Vergis John Wang Kenneth White James Wilson Larry S. Young Jian Yu Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights res
20、erved. viiWhen the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this recommended practice on 29 March 2012, it had the following membership: Richard H. Hulett, Chair John Kulick, Vice Chair Robert M. Grow, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary Satish Aggarwal Masayuki Ariyoshi Peter Balma William Bartley Ted Burs
21、e Clint Chaplin Wael Diab Jean-Philippe Faure Alexander Gelman Paul Houz Jim Hughes Young Kyun Kim Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Thomas Lee Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen Gary Robinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Mike Seavey Yatin Trivedi Phil Winston Yu Yuan *Member Emeritus Also included are the fo
22、llowing nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Michelle D. Turner IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Erin Spiewak IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development Copyright 2012 IEEE. All ri
23、ghts reserved. viiiIntroduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 367-2012, IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Electric Power Station Ground Potential Rise and Induced Voltage from a Power Fault. Wire-line telecommunication facilities serving electric power stations often require
24、that extraordinary protection measures be taken to protect against the effects of fault-produced ground potential rise (GPR) or induced voltages, or both. In the presence of a hostile electromagnetic environment, suitably rated protection equipment is required at the power station for personnel safe
25、ty, for the protection of the serving telecommunication facilities, and to help ensure the desired continuity of telecommunication transmission at times of power system faults. There is a fundamental need, therefore, to determine the appropriate values of fault-produced GPR and induction, including
26、considerations of their probability and duration, to be used in developing the specifications and ratings for the protection equipment to be used in any given application. This recommended practice provides information for the determination of the appropriate values of fault-produced power station G
27、PR and induction for use in the design of protection systems. Included are the following: a) The determination of the appropriate value of fault current to be used in the GPR calculation b) The consideration of the waveform, probability, and duration of the fault current c) The determination of indu
28、cing currents, the mutual impedance between power and telephone facilities, and shield factors d) The vectorial summation of GPR and induction e) The considerations regarding the power station GPR zone of influence (ZOI) f) The communications channel time requirements for noninterruptible services T
29、his standard was originally prepared in 1987 by the Joint High Voltage Interface Working Group (WG) with members from the IEEE Transmission and Access Systems Committee of the IEEE Communications Society and the Power System Communications Committee of the Power Engineering Society. This WG later me
30、rged with the Inductive Coordination Electrical Protection (ICEP) Subcommittee (SC). Over time most of the members of the ICEP SC moved to the Wire-line SC, under the Power Engineering Society Power System Communications Committee. The Wire-line SC assumed ownership of this standard during the revis
31、ion process in 1996. The WG determined during this revision process (2011) that there are no international standards to determine the ground (or earth) potential rise at electric power stations or similar locations. The WG did locate, through an Internet search, two international documents that appe
32、ar to deal with the subject but were not validated for harmonization purposes, as follows: AS/NZS 3835.1:2006, Earth potential riseProtection of telecommunications network users, personnel and plantPart 1: Code of practice AS/NZS 3835.2:2006, Earth potential riseProtection of telecommunications netw
33、ork users, personnel and plantPart 2: Application guide Further, Volume II of the ITU-T Directives concerning the protection of telecommunication lines against harmful effects from electric power and electrified railway lines, Calculating Induced Voltages and Currents in Practical Cases, also appear
34、s to deal, in part, with the subject of this standard. This standard was revised and updated by the Wire-line Working Group of the IEEE Power System Communications Committee of the IEEE Power their probability, waveform, and duration; and the impedance to remote earthing points used in these GPR and
35、 LI calculations as well as the effective X/R ratio. b) The zone of influence (ZOI) of the power station GPR. c) The calculation of the inducing currents, the mutual impedance between power and metallic telecommunication facilities, and shield factors. d) The channel time requirements for metallic t
36、elecommunication facilities where non-interruptible channels are required for protective relaying. 2. Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text a
37、nd its relationship to this document is explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. IEEE Std 80, IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding.2,3IEEE Std
38、81, IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface Potentials of a Ground System. IEEE Std 81.2, IEEE Guide for Measurement of Impedance and Safety Characteristics of Large, Extended or Interconnected Grounding Systems. IEEE Std 487, IEEE Recommended Practice for the
39、 Protection of Wire-Line Communication Facilities Serving Electric Power Stations. 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. The IEEE Standards Dictionary: Glossary of Terms and Definitions B42 should be
40、consulted for terms not defined in this clause.4,5auroral effects: Electrical voltages and currents on the earth due to emission of particle energy from the sun. direct-current (dc) offset: The difference between the symmetrical current wave and the actual current wave during a power system transien
41、t condition. Mathematically, the actual fault current can be broken into two parts: a symmetrical alternating component and a unidirectional dc component, either or both with decreasing magnitudes (usually both). The unidirectional component can be of either polarity, but it will not change polarity
42、 during its decay period and will reach zero at some predetermined time. 2IEEE publications are available from The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (http:/standards.ieee.org/). 3The IEEE standards or products referred to in this clause are trademarks of The Institute of Electrical a
43、nd Electronics Engineers, Inc. 4IEEE Standards Dictionary: Glossary of Terms and Definitions is available at http:/shop.ieee.org. 5The numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex A. IEEE Std 367-2012 IEEE Recommended Practice for Determining the Electric Power Station Ground
44、 Potential Rise and Induced Voltage from a Power Fault Copyright 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved. 3direct-current (dc) offset factor: The ratio of the peak asymmetrical fault current to the peak symmetrical value. earth resistivity: The measure of the electrical impedance of a unit volume of soil. Th
45、e commonly used unit is the ohm-meter (m), which refers to the impedance measured between opposite faces of a cubic meter of soil. effective X/R ratio: The value of X/R as seen from the fault location looking back into the power system far enough to include the reduction of the X/R ratio due to the
46、effects of the terminal apparatus. geomagnetic induced currents (GIC): Spurious, quasidirect currents flowing in grounded systems due to a difference in the earth surface potential caused by geomagnetic storms resulting from the particle emission of solar flares erupting from the surface of the sun.
47、 geometric mean radius (GMR): Radius of a tubular conductor with an infinitesimally thin wall that has the same external flux out to a radius of 1 ft (0.3048 m) as the internal and external flux of a solid conductor, out to a radius of 1 ft (0.3048 m). GMR is a mathematical radius assigned to a soli
48、d conductor that describes in one term the inductance of the conductor due to both its internal flux and the external flux. ground potential rise (GPR): The product of a ground electrode impedance, referenced to remote earth, and the current that flows through that electrode impedance. inducing curr
49、ent: The current that flows in a single conductor of an electric supply line with ground return to give the same value of induced voltage in a telecommunication line (at a particular separation) as the vectorial sum of all voltages induced by the various currents in the inductive exposure as a result of ground fault. longitudinal voltage: A voltage acting in series with the longitudinal circuit. mutual impedance: The ratio of the total induced open-circuit voltage on the disturbed circuit to the disturbing electric supply-system phase current, with the ef
