1、IEEE Std C57.119-2001IEEE StandardsC57.119TMIEEE Recommended Practice forPerforming Temperature Rise Tests onOil-Immersed Power Transformers atLoads Beyond Nameplate RatingsPublished by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA12 March 200
2、2Power Engineering SocietySponsored by theTransformers CommitteeIEEE StandardsPrint: SH94954PDF: SS94954The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2002 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserv
3、ed. Published 12 March 2002. Printed in the United States of America.Print: ISBN 0-7381-3005-2 SH94954PDF: ISBN 0-7381-3006-0 SS94954No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.IEEE S
4、td C57.119-2001 (R2008)IEEE Recommended Practice for Performing Temperature Rise Tests on Oil-Immersed Power Transformers at Loads Beyond Nameplate RatingsSponsorTransformers Committeeof the Power Engineering SocietyReaffirmed 27 March 2008Approved 6 December 2001IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract: Rec
5、ommendations are made, where possible, regarding the performance and evaluationof temperature rise tests on oil-immersed power transformers beyond nameplate ratings. The intentis to assist power transformer manufacturers, and the ultimate users, in evaluating thermalperformance of the transformers u
6、nder varying loads.Keywords: bottom oil temperature, conditioning loads, hottest spot factor, loading, load tapchanger, mineral-oil-immersed, power transformers, rated load, thermal capacity, top oiltemperatureIEEE Standardsdocuments are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordina
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23、ghts reserved.iiiIntroduction(This introduction is not a part of IEEE Std C57.119-2001, IEEE Recommended Practice for Performing TemperatureRise Tests on Oil-Immersed Power Transformers at Loads Beyond Nameplate Ratings.) This introduction provides background related to the development of this recom
24、mended procedure. Addi-tional information may be found in Annex B. Over the years, there has been a marked increase in the practice of loading transformers beyond their name-plate rating. In the past, many transformers were loaded beyond nameplate rating only during short timeemergencies. Today, man
25、y users have established loading practices which subject transformers to loadsbeyond nameplate rating on a planned basis during periods of seasonal or daily peak loads, in addition tounexpected loads occurring during short or long time emergencies.Former ANSI loading guide C57.91 provided loading gu
26、idelines for distribution transformers, ANSI C57.92provided loading guidelines for power transformers rated 100 MVA and below, and IEEE Std C57.115provided loading guidelines for transformers rated above 100 MVA. All of these documents have been com-bined into a revised IEEE Std C57.91. These docume
27、nts provide transformer loading guidelines based onjudgment gained from years of experience of loading transformers. However, prior to this document, nostandard test procedure existed to evaluate the consequences of loading a transformer at loads beyond name-plate rating. Investigations carried out
28、in the past by transformer users raised concern about the accuracy of the equationsand empirical constants used in the transient loading equations of these loading guides. Their experiencewith monitoring operating transformers indicated that transformers could carry loads greater than nameplateratin
29、g, without apparent damage. Also, there has been concern that ancillary equipment, such as tapchangers, bushings, and instrumentation may not have the same overload capabilities as the core and coilassembly. The above conditions and concerns led to a desire for a test procedure that would:a) Provide
30、 data on the thermal characteristics of oil-immersed transformers to be used to evaluate theaccuracy of the equations and empirical constants used in the loading equations in the oil-immersedtransformer loading guides.b) Demonstrate that a transformer may be loaded with a specied sequence of loads,
31、including loadsbeyond nameplate rating, without exceeding those temperatures specied or agreed upon by the userand manufacturer.c) Demonstrate that the ancillary equipment on an oil-immersed transformer would not impose limita-tions on those loading conditions recommended in the loading guides.This
32、guide describes three test procedures. Clause 9 describes a test procedure for determining the thermalcharacteristics of an oil immersed power transformer. Clause 10 describes a test procedure for performingload cycle temperature rise tests to assess the capability of a transformer to be loaded with
33、 a specic loadcycle. Clause 11 describes a recommended integrated procedure for determining thermal characteristics andperforming a load cycle temperature rise test.It is anticipated that data obtained from tests performed in accordance with these procedures will be col-lected and analyzed by a futu
34、re IEEE Working Group to establish a database that can be utilized to improvethe accuracy of the assumptions and equations used in future loading guides. References to other standards have been updated where applicable and all units of measurements are speci-ed in metric units only, wherever practic
35、al All cooling class designations have been replaced with new cooling class designations per Table 2 ofIEEE Std C57.12.00.-2000.ivCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.ParticipantsThe working group that coordinated the nal compilation of this standard had the following membership:Subhash Tuli,Cha
36、irKenneth J. FlemingAt the time this recommended procedure was completed, the Thermal Test Working Group had the followingmembership:Robert L. Grubb, ChairDonald J. Fallon,SecretaryOther individuals who have made signicant contributions to the development of this document as formermembers of the The
37、rmal Test Working Group are the following:Jacques AubinDonald E. Ayers Ronald L. Barker Michael F. BarnesBarry L. BeasterWilliam E. BoettgerJerry L. CorkranJames Cross Frank DavidJeff FleemanMichael A. FranchekMonroe L. FrazierDavid F. GoodwinGeorge HenryKeith R. HightonJohn J. HinksonVirendra Jhons
38、aEugene KallaurJim LongDonald L. Lowe John W. MatthewsC. J. McMillenWilliam J. McNuttC. K. MillerR. E. Minkwitz, Sr.Steve P. Moore Ed NortonDennis OrtenMark D. PerkinsV. Q. PhamLinden W. PierceDonald W. PlattsVallamkonda SankarVic ShenoyHyeong Jin SimRonald W. StonerMalcolm Thaden Subhash C. TuliRob
39、ert A. VeitchFelipe N. WefferRobert J. WheartyJohn J. BergeronOrion O. ChewDavid H. Douglas James J. KunesDave TakashCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.vThe following members of the balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted forapproval, disapproval, or abstention:Whe
40、n the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 6 December 2001, it had the followingmembership:Donald N. Heirman,ChairJames T. Carlo,Vice ChairJudith Gorman,Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included is the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaison:Alan Cookson, NIST RepresentativeDon
41、ald R. Volzka, TAB RepresentativeNoelle D. HumenickIEEE Standards Project EditorPaul AhrensDennis J. AllanJim C. ArnoldJacques AubinRonald L. BarkerMichael F. BarnesOscar M. BelloEdward A. BertoliniWallace B. BinderWilliam E. BoettgerJoe V. BonucchiJohn D. BorstWilliam CarterDon ChuJerry L. CorkranD
42、an W. CroftsRobert C. DegeneffRobert M. DelVecchioRichard F. DudleyJohn A. EbertFred E. ElliottDon J. FallonJoe FoldiBruce I. ForsythRon FoxMichael A. FranchekDudley L. GallowaySaurabh GhoshDonald A. GilliesDavid F. GoodwinRichard D. GrahamRobert L. GrubbErnest HaniqueJames H. HarlowRoger R. HayesWi
43、lliam R. HenningKeith R. HightonPhilip J. HopkinsonY. Peter IijimaVirendra JhonsaAnthony J. JonnattiLars-Erik JuhlinJoseph J. KellyEgon KoenigBarin KumarJohn G. LackeyDonald N. LairdLarry A. LowdermilkDonald L. LoweJoe D. MacDonaldWilliam A. MaguireJohn W. MatthewsJack W. McGillCharles Patrick McSha
44、neJoseph P. MelansonR. E. Minkwitz, Sr.Harold R. MooreSteve P. MooreDaniel H. MulkeyCharles R. MurrayWilliam H. Mutschler, Jr.Larry NunneryDennis OrtenBipin K. PatelDhiru S. PatelJesse M. PattonDave PaynePaulette A. PayneDan D. PercoMark D. PerkinsLinden W. PierceR. Leon PlasterTom A. PrevostMark Ri
45、versArlise L. Robinson, Jr.John R. RossettiVallamkonda SankarLeo J. SavioRick SawyerDilipkumar ShahDevki SharmaVic ShenoyHyeong Jin SimTarkeshwar SinghJames E. SmithJerry W. SmithStephen D. SmithSteven L. SnyderRonald J. StaharaPeter G. StewartJohn C. SullivanJames A. ThompsonRobert W. ThompsonThoma
46、s P. TraubAlan TrautRobert A. VeitchLoren B. WagenaarBarry H. WardRobert J. WheartyCharles W. WilliamsWilliam G. WimmerF. N. YoungSatish K. AggarwalMark D. BowmanGary R. EngmannHarold E. EpsteinH. Landis FloydJay Forster*Howard M. FrazierRuben D. GarzonJames H. GurneyRichard J. HollemanLowell G. Joh
47、nsonRobert J. KennellyJoseph L. Koepnger*Peter H. LipsL. Bruce McClungDaleep C. MohlaJames W. MooreRobert F. MunznerRonald C. PetersenGerald H. PetersonJohn B. PoseyGary S. RobinsonAkio TojoDonald W. ZipseviCopyright 2002 IEEE. All rights reserved.Contents1. Overview 11.1 Scope 11.2 Purpose. 12. Ref
48、erences 23. Definitions and symbols 33.1 Definitions 33.2 Symbols . 44. General. 74.1 Preliminary evaluation. 74.2 Cooling equipment operation. 75. Precautions. 75.1 Thermal degradation 85.2 Other factors limiting loading 85.3 Monitoring of test results. 85.4 Maximum temperatures . 96. Monitored dat
49、a. 96.1 Ambient air temperature 96.2 Oil temperatures. 96.3 Other temperatures. 96.4 Currents 97. Recorded data. 97.1 Losses. 97.2 Temperature indicator readings . 107.3 Tank surface and other temperatures . 107.4 Oil levels 108. Oil samples. 109. Test procedure for determining the thermal characteristics of oil-immersed power transformers 109.1 Tap position and connection 119.2 Number of tests 119.3 Applied test currents 119.4 Discontinued tests 119.5 Temperature rise test at rated load. 129.6 Temperature rise test at reduced load 129.7 Temperature rise test a
