1、 ISO 2017 Timber structures Finger-jointed timber Manufacturing and production requirements Structures en bois Bois assembl par entures multiples Exigences de fabrication et de production INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18100 First edition 2017-03 Reference number ISO 18100:2017(E) ISO 18100:2017(E)ii IS
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4、749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO 18100:2017(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Symbols 2 5 Conformance . 3 5.1 Quality systems requirements . 3 5.2 Manufacturing specifications . 3 6 Requirements 3 6.1 Structural strength 3 6.1.
5、1 Timber components 3 6.1.2 Grading methods 3 6.1.3 Finger-jointed timber 3 6.2 Adhesive 4 6.3 Finger joint glue bond integrity . 4 6.4 Utility . 4 6.5 Product identification . 4 7 V erification . 4 7.1 Structural strength 4 7.1.1 Qualification . 4 7.1.2 Compliance testing . 5 7.2 Adhesive 5 7.3 Fin
6、ger-joint glue bond integrity . 6 7.3.1 Verification at qualification 6 7.3.2 Verification for compliance testing 6 7.4 Utility requirements . 6 7.5 Product identification requirements . 6 Annex A (normative) Compliance (factory production control) testing Strength v erification of finger-joint ed t
7、imber 7 Annex B (normative) V erification of the str ength of finger-joint ed timber b y double- bending proof loading . 9 Annex C (normative) V erification of the minimum str ength of finger-joint ed timber b y tension proof loading14 Annex D (normative) V erification of finger joint bond quality b
8、 y assessment of w ood fibr e failur e .16 Annex E (normative) V erification of finger joint bond quality b y cy clic delamination 20 Annex F (normative) V erification of finger joint str ength pr operties using the anal ytical method 22 Annex G (normative) Pr oduct identification .24 Annex H (infor
9、mative) Basis of factor k fj.25 Bibliography .26 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iii Contents Page ISO 18100:2017(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standard
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11、part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In part
12、icular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements
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14、e www .iso .org/ patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as we
15、ll as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: w w w . i s o .org/ iso/ foreword .html. This document was prepared by ISO/TC 165, Timber structures.iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 18100:2017(
16、E) Introduction Finger-jointed timber is viewed as an alternative and substitute for sawn timber. Finger-jointed timber makes use of timber of various lengths and enables localized defects, particularly knots, to be docked out of otherwise high-quality sawn timber. Qualification (initial type testin
17、g) and compliance (factory production control) testing are specified to assess if the components and manufacturing procedures used (finger joint profile, end pressure and other production variables) are appropriate for the characteristic values being claimed. A representative sample of the potential
18、 production is evaluated for tension and bending strength and finger joints are assessed for bond quality using delamination or wood fibre failure tests. ISO 2017 All rights reserved v Timber structures Finger-jointed timber Manufacturing and production requirements 1 Scope This document specifies t
19、he product and performance requirements for finger-jointed structural timber made from sawn timber elements. The document does not cover products made using impressed (die-formed) joints or finger-jointed laminations for glued laminated timber, which is covered in ISO 12578. 2 Normative references T
20、he following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies
21、. ISO 9709, Structural timber Visual strength grading Basic principles ISO 10983, Timber Finger joints Minimum production requirements and testing methods ISO 12122-2, Timber structures Determination of characteristic values Part 2: Sawn timber ISO 13910, Timber structures Strength graded timber Tes
22、t methods for structural properties ISO 13912, Structural timber Machine strength grading Basic principles ISO 20152-1, Timber structures Bond performance of structural adhesives Basic requirements 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions appl
23、y. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp 3.1 f ing e r j o in t end joint formed by machining a nu
24、mber of similar, tapered, symmetrical fingers in the ends of timber pieces that are then bonded together 3.2 f ing e r- j o in ted t im b e r timber that contains two or more component pieces end-joined by finger joints (3.1) Note 1 to entry: All pieces are of a single species or recognized species
25、group, have the same nominal cross- section and the finger joints are formed using a common adhesive and production method. 3.3 production batch finger-jointed timber (3.2) made during a continuous run on one production line INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 18100:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1 IS
26、O 18100:2017(E) 3.4 strength grade population of timber having a set of structural properties and utility requirements Note 1 to entry: Strength grade is defined in accordance with principles detailed with ISO 9709 (visual grading) or ISO 13912 (machine grading). 3.5 service class service conditions
27、 to which finger-jointed timber (3.2) is subjected Note 1 to entry: Service classes are defined in ISO 20152-1. 3.6 qu a l i f ic at ion initial type testing testing of finger joints (3.1) or finger-jointed timber (3.2) that is used to establish the statistical variables that describe the finger joi
28、nt strength applicable to strength grade (3.4) and the parameters appropriate to the bond quality of the service class (3.5) 3.7 compliance factory production control testing process of demonstrating that finger-jointed timber (3.2) has strength values and bond quality of the specified strength grad
29、e (3.4) and service class (3.5) 3.8 standard length length used in testing to determine characteristic values Note 1 to entry: Standard lengths are defined in ISO 13910. Note 2 to entry: Characteristic values are defined in ISO 12122-2 Note 3 to entry: Finger-jointed timber can be used as a substitu
30、te for sawn timber and therefore has its properties determined over the same test lengths. 4 Symbols d depth of finger-jointed timber in millimetres b width of finger-jointed timber in millimetres f k,m characteristic strength in bending of a strength grade in megapascals f k,t characteristic streng
31、th in tension of a strength grade in megapascals f k,m,verif= k fj f k,m characteristic finger joint strength in bending of a single finger joint required for verification in megapascals f k,t,verif= k fj f k,t characteristic finger joint strength in tension of a single finger joint required for ver
32、ification in megapascals k fj factor that allows for the effect of multiple finger joints in a standard length L standard test length for tension or bending as defined in ISO 13910 in millimetres M number of finger joints that occur in a standard length2 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 18100:2017(E
33、) NOTE Factor k fjmakes allowance for the negative impact of multiple finger joints on characteristic strengths and is used with the analytical method of assigning characteristic strengths. With the empirical method, the allowance is unnecessary. 5 Conformance 5.1 Quality systems requirements Produc
34、ts conforming to this document shall be manufactured to a formalized manufacturing specification covering all relevant process variables under a quality system that includes in plant process control and internal auditing procedures, and auditing of plant process control and end-product quality. 5.2
35、Manufacturing spe cifications The manufacturing specifications shall set the limits on all variables that affect or correlate with final product quality properties, including a) materials, b) glue bond quality, c) manufacturing process, and d) secondary processes and treatment, when applicable. NOTE
36、 The above list is not necessarily exhaustive. 6 Requirements 6.1 Structural strength 6.1.1 Timber components All timber components between finger joints shall have strength and stiffness characteristics of a declared strength grade. Where preservative or flame retardant treatment is used, the prope
37、rties shall be determined after completion of the treatment. 6.1.2 Grading methods All timber grading methods shall comply with the requirements of either ISO 9709 in the case of visual grading or ISO 13912 in the case of machine grading. 6.1.3 Finger-jointed timber Bending and tension strengths are
38、 defined by reference to standard lengths defined in ISO 13910. Over these test lengths, finger-jointed timber shall have characteristic structural strengths in both bending and tension not less than the bending or tension strengths of the declared strength grade. The bending and tension strengths o
39、f the finger-jointed timber shall be determined during qualification and verified for each production batch except, if tension tests are omitted, then, in stress terms, the tension strength shall be deemed equal to 0,55 times the declared bending strength ( f k,t= 0,55 f k,m ). NOTE 1 For verificati
40、on of performance requirements in 6.1, refer to 7.1. ISO 2017 All rights reserved 3 ISO 18100:2017(E) NOTE 2 Increasing the number of finger joints in these standard test lengths potentially lowers the overall tension strength. This is most obvious in tension tests where there is an increased tenden
41、cy to fail at the weakest finger joint; see Annexes F and H for details. 6.2 Adhesive The adhesive shall comply with the Service Class 2 or 3 requirements of ISO 20152-1. For product intended for use under full weather exposure, the adhesive shall meet the requirements for Service Class 3 conditions
42、. NOTE For verification of performance requirements in 6.2, refer to 7.2. 6.3 Finger joint glue bond integrity When determined in accordance with either Annex D or Annex E, the glue bond quality shall exhibit characteristics appropriate to the Service Class claimed by a manufacturer. Alternatively,
43、a nationally accepted test method may be used. NOTE 1 For verification of performance requirements in 6.3, refer to 7.3. NOTE 2 Annex D involves wood fibre failure assessment and Annex E involves cyclic delamination testing. Cyclic delamination testing is unsuitable for testing of finger joint of le
44、ngth less than 12 mm. 6.4 Utility Finger-jointed structural timber produced to a declared strength grade shall meet the utility requirements that correspond to those listed for the relevant strength grade. NOTE For verification of performance requirements in 6.4, refer to 7.4. 6.5 Pr oduct identific
45、at ion Finger-jointed structural timber shall be identified with sufficient information to facilitate its correct use and to allow for traceability from end user to manufacturer. NOTE For verification of performance requirements in 6.5, refer to 7.5. 7 V erifica tion 7.1 Structural strength 7.1.1 Qu
46、alification Compliance with the declared strength grade shall be assessed by either analytical or empirical method. 7.1.1.1 Analytical method Single joint specimens shall be sampled and tested in accordance with ISO 10983 in both bending and tension (if necessary, see 6.1.3) and the test data evalua
47、ted in accordance with ISO 12122-2 to determine the characteristic finger joint strengths. In addition, the finger joint strengths shall meet the requirements of Annex F. ISO 10983 requires at least 30 test specimens for both bending and tension (if necessary) strength tests. Qualification is requir
48、ed to establish that all the requirements of this document have been met for each strength grade that is to be produced by the manufacturer. Qualification target test loads are required to take into account multiple joint effects; see Annex F for magnitude of the effects.4 ISO 2017 All rights reserv
49、ed ISO 18100:2017(E) 7.1.1.2 Empirical method A representative sample shall be drawn from production, then tested and evaluated in accordance with ISO 12122-2. The qualification specimens shall have a representative number of joints as anticipated in typical length put on the market. The characteristic values for bending and tension strengths shall equal or exceed the declared strength grade values. If the number of joints between pieces and batches are likely to vary, it is recommended that the qualificatio
