1、 Reference number ISO 6721-12:2009(E) ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6721-12 First edition 2009-12-01 Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 12: Compressive vibration Non-resonance method Plastiques Dtermination des proprits mcaniques dynamiques Partie 12: Vibration en comp
2、ression Mthode hors rsonance ISO 6721-12:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer p
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5、al Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission
6、in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedISO
7、 6721-12:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Principle2 5 Test device .2 5.1 Loading assembly .2 5.2 Electronic data-processing equipment.2 5.3 Temperature measurement and control3 5.4 Devices for measuring t
8、est specimen dimensions3 6 Test specimens4 6.1 Shape and dimensions .4 6.2 Preparation.4 7 Number of test specimens4 8 Conditioning 4 9 Procedure.4 9.1 Test atmosphere4 9.2 Measuring the dimensions of and mounting the test specimen 4 9.3 Varying the temperature .5 9.4 Performing the test5 10 Express
9、ion of results5 10.1 Symbols5 10.2 Calculation of the compressive storage modulus E .6 10.3 Calculation of the loss factor tan .6 10.4 Calculation of the compressive loss modulus E 6 10.5 Presentation of data as a function of temperature 6 11 Precision.6 11.1 Test report6 Bibliography7 ISO 6721-12:2
10、009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body
11、 interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotec
12、hnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by
13、the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent righ
14、ts. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 6721-12 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2, Mechanical properties. ISO 6721 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Determination of dynamic mech
15、anical properties: Part 1: General principles Part 2: Torsion-pendulum method Part 3: Flexural vibration Resonance-curve method Part 4: Tensile vibration Non-resonance method Part 5: Flexural vibration Non-resonance method Part 6: Shear vibration Non-resonance method Part 7: Torsional vibration Non-
16、resonance method Part 8: Longitudinal and shear vibration Wave-propagation method Part 9: Tensile vibration Sonic-pulse propagation method Part 10: Complex shear viscosity using a parallel-plate oscillatory rheometer Part 11: Glass transition temperature Part 12: Compressive vibration Non-resonance
17、method INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6721-12:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Plastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 12: Compressive vibration Non-resonance method 1 Scope This part of ISO 6721 describes a compressive vibration, non-resonance method for determining the compon
18、ents of the compressive complex modulus E* of polymers at frequencies typically in the range 0,01 Hz to 100 Hz. The method is suitable for measuring dynamic storage moduli of semi-rigid polymers in the range 1 MPa to 1 GPa (see Notes 1 and 2). NOTE 1 The method is applicable to the following semi-ri
19、gid polymers: low-density polyethylene, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, polybutylene, and ethylene/propylene/diene copolymer; polytetrafluoroethylene, plasticized poly(vinyl chloride), and ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer; thermoplastic elastomers and polyurethane. NOTE 2 The measurement o
20、f dynamic properties of materials with different ranges of moduli can be made using alternative modes of deformation (i.e. a shear mode for 0,1 MPa 5 GPa. This method is particularly suited to the measurements of dynamic moduli and loss factors of semi-rigid plastics in the shape of a right-angled p
21、rism, cylinder or tube and can be conveniently used to study the variation of dynamic properties with temperature and frequency through most of the glass-rubber relaxation region (see ISO 6721-1:2001, Subclause 9.4). The availability of data determined over wide ranges of both frequency and temperat
22、ure enables master plots to be derived, using frequency/temperature shift procedures, which present dynamic properties over an extended frequency range at different temperatures. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dat
23、ed references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 293, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic mater
24、ials ISO 294-1, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 1: General principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens ISO 295, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of thermosetting materials ISO 472, Plastics Vocabulary ISO 6721-1:2001, P
25、lastics Determination of dynamic mechanical properties Part 1: General principles ISO 10724-1, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermosetting powder moulding compounds (PMCs) Part 1: General principles and moulding of multipurpose test specimens ISO 6721-12:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rig
26、hts reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6721-1 and ISO 472 apply. 4 Principle The specimen is subjected to a sinusoidal compressive force or deformation at a frequency significantly below the fundamental resonance frequency for th
27、e clamped/free longitudinal mode. The amplitudes of the force and displacement cycles applied to the specimen and the phase angle between these cycles are measured. The storage and loss components of the compressive complex modulus and the loss factor are calculated. 5 Test device 5.1 Loading assemb
28、ly 5.1.1 General The requirements on the apparatus are that it shall permit measurements of the amplitudes of, and the phase angle between, the force and displacement cycles for a specimen subjected to a sinusoidal compressive force or deformation. Various designs of apparatus are possible; a suitab
29、le version is shown schematically in Figure 1. A sinusoidal force is generated by the vibrator V and applied to one end of the specimen S by means of the compression plate C 1 . The amplitude and frequency of the vibrator table displacement are variable and monitored by the transducer D. The member
30、between V and C 1shall be much stiffer than the specimen and shall have a low thermal conductance if the specimen is to be enclosed in a temperature-controlled chamber. NOTE Whilst each member of the loading assembly might have a much higher stiffness than the specimen, the presence of bolted connec
31、tions can significantly increase the apparatus compliance. At the other end of the specimen, a second compression plate C 2is connected to a force transducer F which is supported by a rigid frame. The member between C 2and F shall also have sufficient stiffness and low thermal conductance. 5.1.2 Com
32、pression plates Compression plates, for supporting the test specimen and applying the compressive vibration force to the test specimen, shall have a surface finish corresponding to an average surface roughness of Ra = 0,25 m and shall have no visible imperfections. The surfaces shall be parallel to
33、each other in a plane normal to the loading axis. 5.1.3 Transducers The term transducer in this part of ISO 6721 refers to any device capable of measuring the applied force or displacement, or the ratio of these quantities, as a function of time. The calibration of the transducers shall be traceable
34、 to national standards for the measurement of force and length. The calibration shall be accurate to 2 % of the minimum force and displacement cycle amplitudes applied to the specimen for the purpose of determining dynamic properties. 5.2 Electronic data-processing equipment Data-processing equipmen
35、t shall be capable of recording the force and displacement cycle amplitudes to an accuracy of 1 %, the phase angle between the force and displacement cycles to an accuracy of 0,1 and the frequency to an accuracy of 10 %. ISO 6721-12:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3Key F force transducer S test
36、 specimen T temperature-controlled enclosure D displacement transducer C 1 , C 2compression plates V vibrator Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a suitable loading assembly for determining dynamic moduli by a compressive forced non-resonance method 5.3 Temperature measurement and control The test specime
37、n and the compression plates shall be enclosed in a temperature-controlled enclosure containing air or a suitable inert gas for purging purposes. The enclosure shall be designed so that its temperature can be varied over the range sufficient for the materials under test (e.g. 100 C to +250 C). It is
38、 recommended that the chamber be equipped with temperature-programming facilities. The devices used for measuring the temperature of the air or the inert gas surrounding the specimen shall be capable of determining the temperature to 0,5 C. 5.4 Devices for measuring test specimen dimensions See ISO
39、6721-1:2001, Subclause 5.6. The devices used for measuring the dimensions of the test specimen shall be capable of determining these quantities to 0,5 %. ISO 6721-12:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reserved6 Test specimens 6.1 Shape and dimensions The test specimen shall be in the shape of a right pri
40、sm or cylinder whose length is twice its principal width or diameter. The preferred specimen sizes are (4 0,2) mm (4 0,2) mm (8 2) mm (prism) or (5 0,2) mm in diameter and (10 2) mm in length (cylinder). The relationship between the dimensions of the test specimen and the size of the product will de
41、termine the possibility of using preferred test specimens. If the use of the preferred test specimen is impossible, it should be noted that the ratio of length/width (or diameter) of the test specimen has very significant influence on the test results. When the ratio of length/width (or diameter) of
42、 the test specimen is smaller, barrelling of the specimen under compression and the shape factor of the dimensions of the specimen should be considered. On the other hand, take care to consider buckling of the test specimen during compression for test specimens of which the ratio of length/width (or
43、 diameter) is larger. 6.2 Preparation Test specimens shall be prepared in accordance with the relevant material specification. When none exists, or if otherwise agreed by the interested parties, test specimens can be machined from specimens that are compression moulded or injection moulded from mate
44、rials in accordance with ISO 293, ISO 294-1, ISO 295 or ISO 10724-1, as appropriate. Great care shall be taken in machining the ends so that smooth, flat, parallel surfaces, perpendicular to the longest axis of the specimen, result. It is recommended to machine the end surfaces of the test specimen
45、within the parallelism of 0,025 mm/100 mm using a lathe or a milling machine. When the material shows a significant difference in compressive properties in two principal directions, it shall be tested in these two directions. 7 Number of test specimens At least three test specimens shall be used for
46、 single-point measurements, i.e. measurements at a single temperature and frequency. If the temperature and/or the frequency is varied over a wide range for quality control purposes, one test specimen is sufficient. In all other cases, at least two test specimens shall be tested. 8 Conditioning The
47、test specimens shall be conditioned as specified in the International Standard for the materials under test. In the absence of this information, the most appropriate conditions in ISO 291 shall be selected, unless otherwise agreed upon by the interested parties. 9 Procedure 9.1 Test atmosphere The t
48、est temperature and the gas supply (air or inert gas) shall be chosen according to the specific type of test and the purpose of the test. 9.2 Measuring the dimensions of and mounting the test specimen Before the test, measure the width and thickness, or diameter, of each test specimen at three point
49、s along its length, and calculate the mean value of the cross-sectional area. ISO 6721-12:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 5Measure the length of each test specimen to 1 % accuracy. Mount the test specimen between the compression plates, taking care to align the centre-line of its long axis with the centre-line of the loading assembly and to ensure that the ends of the test specimen are parallel with the surfaces of the comp
