1、 Reference number ISO 7183:2007(E) ISO 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7183 Second edition 2007-12-15 Compressed-air dryers Specifications and testing Scheurs air comprim Spcifications et essais ISO 7183:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes li
2、censing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The
3、ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has
4、been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part
5、of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56
6、CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rights reservedISO 7183:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Terms and
7、 definitions. 2 4 Symbols . 4 4.1 Figure symbols . 4 4.2 Symbols and units 4 4.3 Subscripts . 5 5 Reference conditions . 5 6 Standard rating parameters. 5 7 Performance tests. 6 7.1 Key performance parameters 6 7.2 Pressure dew point, flow rate and outlet temperature 6 7.3 Differential pressure drop
8、 8 7.4 Power consumption 8 7.5 System air loss 9 7.6 Dealing with in-cycle variations 12 7.7 Noise 13 7.8 Tests for energy saving devices . 13 7.9 Instrument accuracy. 13 8 Uncertainties . 14 9 Test report . 14 9.1 Statement. 14 9.2 Technical data . 15 Annex A (informative) Types of compressed-air d
9、ryers 16 Annex B (informative) Report form for dryer performance 17 Annex C (normative) Noise measurement. 18 Annex D (informative) Pressure-measuring tubes 19 Bibliography . 21 ISO 7183:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a wor
10、ldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on
11、 that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted
12、in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standar
13、d requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7183 was prepared by Te
14、chnical Committee ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools, machines and equipment, Subcommittee SC 4, Quality of compressed air. This second edition of ISO 7183 revises and replaces the first edition (ISO 7183:1986), together with ISO 7183-2:1996, which have been technically revised. ISO 7183:20
15、07(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved v Introduction The scope has been expanded to cover most current types of dryers but also to allow the use of this International Standard and its test methods for any emerging technologies. Any new technologies can then be incorporated at a later revision. Exclusio
16、ns to this International Standard are generally identified by reference to the definition of a dryer. Specific exclusions have been identified, however, for absorption dryers and dryer processes involving “over- compression” as the means of removing water from compressed air. The process of over-com
17、pression employs the principle that water can be removed by compressing the air to a pressure higher than the intended working pressure thereby forcing out the water from the compressed air and then subsequently expanding the air back to the working pressure. Absorption dryers are now considered to
18、be of minor importance as a drying technique and are, therefore, not considered in this International Standard. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7183:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Compressed-air dryers Specifications and testing 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the performance data t
19、hat are necessary to state and applicable test methods for different types of compressed air dryers. It is applicable to compressed air dryers working with an effective (gauge) pressure of more than 50 kPa (0,5 bar), but less than or equal to 1 600 kPa (16 bar) and include the following: adsorption
20、dryers; membrane dryers; refrigeration dryers (including drying by cooling); or a combination of these. NOTE A description of the principles of operation of the dryers within the Scope of this International Standard is given in Annex A. This International Standard identifies test methods for measuri
21、ng dryer parameters that include the following: pressure dew point; flow rate; pressure drop; compressed-air loss; power consumption; noise emission. This International Standard also provides partial-load tests for determining the performance of energy saving devices or measures. The mounting, opera
22、ting and loading conditions of dryers for the measurement of noise are given in Annex C. This International Standard is not applicable to the following types of dryers or drying processes: absorption dryers; drying by over-compression; integral dryers. ISO 7183:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved
23、2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this International Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 261, ISO
24、 general purpose metric screw threads General plan ISO 228-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances and designation ISO 1179 (all parts), Connections for general use and fluid power Ports and stud ends with ISO 228-1 threads with elastome
25、ric or metal-to-metal sealing ISO 1219-1, Fluid power systems and components Graphic symbols and circuit diagrams Part 1: Graphic symbols for conventional use and data-processing applications ISO 2602, Statistical interpretation of test results Estimation of the mean Confidence interval ISO 2854, St
26、atistical interpretation of data Techniques of estimation and tests relating to means and variances ISO 3744, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure Engineering method for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane 1)ISO 857
27、3-1:2001, Compressed air Part 1: Contaminants and purity classes ISO 8573-3, Compressed air Part 3: Test methods for measurement of humidity ISO 9614-2, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity Part 2: Measurement by scanning 3 Terms and definitions For th
28、e purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 absorption chemical process of attracting one substance into the mass of another, so that the absorbed substance combines with the absorbent 3.2 actual vapour pressure partial pressure exerted by the water vapour under the a
29、ctual temperature condition of the environment 3.3 adsorption physical process in which the molecules of a gas or a vapour adhere to the surface of a solid 3.4 ambient area surrounding the dryer under test 1) To be published. Revision of ISO 3744:1994 ISO 7183:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3
30、3.5 integral equipment which is either physically integrated and/or functionally interlinked with the compressor NOTE 1 Interlinking can be in terms of energy exchange, controls or sharing of other components. NOTE 2 Typically, some of the performance characteristics, such as energy consumption or p
31、ressure drop, deviate substantially from those of free-standing air-treatment equipment. 3.6 desiccant adsorbent substance with the ability to retain water without change of state EXAMPLES Silica gel, activated alumina or molecular sieves. NOTE The term excludes deliquescent substances. 3.7 dew poin
32、t temperature at which the vapour pressure of the vapour in a humid gas is equal to the saturation vapour pressure over the pure liquid and at which condensate forms as a liquid on cooling the gas 3.7.1 pressure dew point pdp dew point measured at the actual pressure 3.8 dryer device which lowers ab
33、solute moisture content of compressed air by reducing water vapour content such that the exit relative humidity is lower than 100 % NOTE “Separating” devices that remove only bulk water, such as a cyclone separator, are not dryers. 3.9 peak point at which the measured parameter takes its highest, in
34、stantaneous value 3.10 permeate compressed air and water vapour that diffuses through a membrane NOTE The greater the selectivity of the membrane for moisture, the lower the permeate loss. 3.11 purge air flow volume-flow of compressed air entering the dryer minus the compressed air leaving the dryer
35、 during regeneration cycle NOTE 1 Typically, purge air is expanded to atmospheric pressure. NOTE 2 For membrane dryers, purge air flow is the sum of “sweep-gas” plus permeate. 3.12 regeneration process of preparation of drying media to enable it to enter a new period of operation ISO 7183:2007(E) 4
36、ISO 2007 All rights reserved3.13 relative humidity ratio of the actual vapour pressure to the saturation vapour pressure over a plane liquid water surface at the same temperature 3.14 saturation vapour pressure partial pressure of water vapour that is in neutral equilibrium with a plane surface of p
37、ure, condensed-phase water or ice at a given temperature 3.15 sweep gas compressed air used in a membrane dryer to carry away moisture from the region outside the membrane 3.16 stabilization period time taken to reach a steady state condition of an average value 3.17 test time time taken after the s
38、tabilization period to record dryer performance 4 Symbols 4.1 Figure symbols The symbols used in Figures 1 to 3 are in accordance with ISO 1219-1. 4.2 Symbols and units Symbol Term SI unit Other practical units d actual internal diameter of the tube millimetres l thread length millimetres m mass kil
39、ogram gram, milligram P power watt megawatt, kilowatt p pressure kilopascal bar q flow rate cubic metres per second cubic metres per hour cubic metres per minute litres per second L latent heat joules megajoules, kilojoules n number (dimensionless) t time second minute, hour, day V volume cubic metr
40、e cubic decimetre, cubic centimetre, cubic millimetre W work joule megajoule, kilojoule, kilowatt-hour X average of a series of measured values, x iof a parameter ISO 7183:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 5 4.3 Subscripts Subscript Term AL air loss Av average BL blow-down loss sum sum DC dryer c
41、ycle i interval number PF purge flow PL purge air loss E electrical energy v vessel ref reference regn regeneration S steam energy s system TOT total 5 Reference conditions Reference conditions for volume statements shall be as given in Table 1. Table 1 Reference conditions air temperature 20 C abso
42、lute air pressure 100 kPa 1 bar (a) relative water vapour pressure 0 NOTE Bar(e) is used to indicate effective pressure above atmospheric. 6 Standard rating parameters Standard rating parameters are necessary in defining the performance of an air dryer and in comparing one dryer with another. The st
43、andard rating parameters are given in Table 2. The standard rating parameters are assumed to be 100 % rated flow operating at 24 hours per day and seven days per week. Table 2 Standard rating parameters ValueaQuantity Unit Option A1c Option A2cOption B Toleranceb Inlet temperature C 35 38 45 2 Inlet
44、 pressure kPa gauge bar(e) 700 (7) 700 (7) 700 (7) 14 (0,14) Inlet relative humidity % 100 100 100 0 5 Cooling air inlet temperature (where applicable) C 25 38 35 3 Cooling water inlet temperature (where applicable) C 25 29 25 3 Ambient air temperature C 25 38 35 3 Flow of dryer inlet % of rated flo
45、w 100 100 100 3 aMaintain within actual gauge value. bThe choice between options A and B is influenced by the intended geographical location of the equipment. cOption A1 applies to a temperate climate zone and Option A2 applies to a sub-tropical zone. ISO 7183:2007(E) 6 ISO 2007 All rights reserved7
46、 Performance tests 7.1 Key performance parameters Data for the following key performance parameters are required for all compressed air dryers when stating or rating product performance and for making comparisons of alternative dryers: pressure dew point; flow rate; pressure drop; power consumption;
47、 system air loss; outlet temperature; noise emission. Measurement of the inlet pressure and temperature should be done at the dryer inlet in order to avoid errors caused by cooling or pressure drop between the measurement point and inlet whilst operating at full rated conditions. It is the responsib
48、ility of the manufacturer to supply the required data in Annex B. For all performance tests, the inlet air purity should be in accordance with ISO 8573-1:2001, class 4, for oil and class 4 for particles and the humidity shall be in accordance with Table 2 of this International Standard. If the dryer
49、 under test requires pre-filtration to operate reliably with this inlet air purity then these filters shall be included in all tests. 7.2 Pressure dew point, flow rate and outlet temperature Measurement of the pressure dew point should be done at the stated rated flow of the dryer using the standard rating parameters selected from Table 2. Measurement of the pressure dew point of the outlet air shall be in accordance with ISO 8573-3. Disch
