1、 Reference number ISO 7482-3:2005(E) ISO 2005INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7482-3 First edition 2005-12-15 Raw goat skins Part 3: Guidelines for grading on the basis of defects Peaux brutes de caprins Partie 3: Lignes directrices pour la classification sur la base des dfautsISO 7482-3:2005(E) PDF discl
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6、he requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2005 All rights reservedISO 7482-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1
7、2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Trimming 2 5 Preservation 2 6 Grading on the basis of defects 2 7 Tabular and graphical representation of the classification system 5 ISO 7482-3:2005(E) iv ISO 2005 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardiza
8、tion) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
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11、tional Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7482-3 wa
12、s prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 120, Leather, Subcommittee SC 1, Raw hides and skins, including pickled pelts. ISO 7482 consists of the following parts, under the general title Raw goat skins: Part 1: Descriptions of defects Part 2: Guidelines for grading on the basis of mass and size Part
13、3: Guidelines for grading on the basis of defects INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7482-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 1 Raw goat skins Part 3: Guidelines for grading on the basis of defects 1 Scope This part of ISO 7482 prescribes guidelines for the classification of raw or cured, trimmed goat sk
14、ins on the basis of visually apparent defects. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
15、amendments) applies. ISO 7482-1, Raw goat skins Part 1: Descriptions of defects 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply in addition to those in ISO 7482-1. 3.1 curing treatment to protect the skin against harmful influences from the time o
16、f flaying until it is put in tannery processing 3.2 defect general term for any damage, from whatever cause, to raw or cured skins and likely to reduce the quality of the leather produced from them 3.3 fallen skin skin from an un-bled or improperly bled carcass 3.4 goat skin outer covering from an a
17、nimal of the caprine genus 3.5 latent defects defects hidden by hair and only discovered after hair removal, e.g. puller or clamp or other mechanical damage ISO 7482-3:2005(E) 2 ISO 2005 All rights reserved3.6 pattern shape or contour of a flayed skin when laid flat, as determined by the position, l
18、ength and direction of the ripping cuts made during flaying 3.7 preservation synonym for curing 3.8 ripping cutting open of the carcass of an animal along the belly from the neck-end to the tail-end and along the legs 3.9 trimming operation of giving shape to a skin with its ultimate use in mind 4 T
19、rimming 4.1 The trim of goat skins shall comply with the following requirements. The skin shall be presented: a) without the head, with the legs cut immediately above the knee or the hock, and with a short tail; b) without the scrotum, udder, anus or navel; c) without adhering fat or meat. 4.2 The b
20、leeding-cut, belly-cut and leg-cuts shall be directly in the centre of the throat, belly and legs. 5 Preservation 5.1 For the purposes of this part of ISO 7482, the following preservation methods are accepted: drying by hanging in the shade; salting; brining; dry-salting; cooling. 5.2 It is generall
21、y accepted that raw or green skins may also be classified in accordance with this part of ISO 7482. 6 Grading on the basis of defects 6.1 General This part of ISO 7482 classifies goatskins into four grades on the basis of defects reasonably ascertainable at the time of grading. ISO 7482-3:2005(E) IS
22、O 2005 All rights reserved 3 6.2 Defects For the purposes of this part of ISO 7482, defects are divided into six groups: 6.2.1 Defects related to the health of the animal Marks left by disease, marks left by anthrax, tumours, abscesses, etc. 6.2.2 Defects related to animal identification practices B
23、rand marks produced by hot iron, by chemicals (paint, dyestuff), freeze-branding, etc. 6.2.3 Defects from insects or parasites Marks caused by lice, worms, mange, ticks, etc. 6.2.4 Defects due to open or cicatrized wounds a) Defects caused when the animal was alive: bruises, scratches, tears, injuri
24、es, horn rake, wire damage, etc. b) Defects caused during flaying: holes, cuts, scores, corduroy, gash gauges, etc. 6.2.5 Defects due to preservation faults Putrefaction, chemical stains, hair slip, red heat, etc. 6.2.6 Defects coming from dirt Dung, urine stains, seeds, prickles, sand, dust, etc. 6
25、.3 Grading of skins The following four grades shall be used for the classification of goatskins on the basis of defects: 6.3.1 First grade Skins classified as first grade shall conform to the following requirements: a) no visible defects in the central part of the skin; b) no sign of putrefaction; c
26、) free from dirt; d) at the periphery of the skin or on the legs or tail, ONLY ONE of the following defects is accepted: 1) a few defects caused by diseases, 2) a few defects from parasites, 3) a few brand marks, 4) one open or cicatrized wound. ISO 7482-3:2005(E) 4 ISO 2005 All rights reserved6.3.2
27、 Second grade Skins classified as second grade shall meet the following criteria: a) in addition to defects at the periphery of the skin or on the legs or tail as mentioned for first grade skins, the following defects are accepted on the shoulder or belly: 1) a few defects caused by diseases, 2) a f
28、ew defects from parasites, 3) one brand mark, 4) one open or cicatrized wound; b) in addition, traces of putrefaction are accepted; c) some dirt is accepted at the periphery of the skin or on the legs or tail. 6.3.3 Third grade Skins classified as third grade shall meet the following criteria: a) in
29、 addition to the defects mentioned for the second grade, the following defects are accepted in low/medium concentration in the best part of the skin (the butt): 1) a few defects caused by diseases, 2) a few defects from parasites, 3) one brand mark, 4) open or cicatrized wounds; b) in addition, a fe
30、w traces of putrefaction are accepted; c) some dirt is accepted except in the best part of the skin (the butt). None of the defects mentioned shall cover more than 25 % of the total area of the skin. 6.3.4 Fourth grade Skins classified as fourth grade shall meet the following criteria: The defects m
31、entioned for the third grade are accepted in low/medium concentration on the skin provided they do not cover more than 40 % of the total skin area. 6.3.5 Rejects All skins presenting more defects than those accepted for the fourth grade and skins of which more than 50 % of the area cannot be transfo
32、rmed into leather are classified as rejects. The following skins shall also be classified as rejects: fallen skins; untrimmed or poorly trimmed skins; ground and ball-dried skins; smoked skins. ISO 7482-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 5 7 Tabular and graphical representation of the classifica
33、tion system 7.1 Table 1 summarizes the grades according to the defects, their location, their concentration and their depth and surface area. An explanation of the code-numbers used is given in Table 2. Table 1 Classification grades Defects due to: Grade diseases, tumours, etc. brand marks, paint, e
34、tc. insects, parasites, etc. wounds, holes, cuts, scratches, etc. putrefaction, hair slip, red heat, etc. dirt, dung, urine, seeds, sand, etc. 1st Location Concentration Depth Surface area 1-2 1 1 1 1-2 1 1 1 1-2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1-2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2nd Location Concentration Depth Surface area 3 1 1 1 3 1
35、 1 1 3 1 1 1 2-3 1 1 1-2 1-2 1 1 1 1-2 1 1 3rd Location Concentration Depth Surface area 3-4 2 2 1 3-4 2 2 1 3-4 2 2 1 3-4 2 2 1-2 3 2 2 1 3-4 1 1 4th Location Concentration Depth Surface area 3-4 2 2 1-2 3-4 2 2 1 3-4 2 2 1-2 3-4 2 2 1-2 3-4 2 2 1-2 3-4 2 2 1-2 Table 2 Explanation of code-numbers u
36、sed in Table 1 0 1 2 3 4 Location Nowhere Periphery Legs, tail, cheeks Shoulder, belly Central part Concentration None Low Medium High Depth Superficial Through Surface area Grain Flesh 7.2 Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 show graphical representations of the first, second, third and fourth grades, respective
37、ly. ISO 7482-3:2005(E) 6 ISO 2005 All rights reservedFigure 1 First grade goatskins ISO 7482-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 7 Key A health diseases, tumours, etc. B marks brands, paints, etc. C insectes, parasites, etc. D wounds, holes, cuts, etc. E putrefaction, hair slip, red heat, etc. F
38、dirt, dung, urine, seeds, sand, etc. 0 no defects allowed Figure 1 (continued) ISO 7482-3:2005(E) 8 ISO 2005 All rights reservedFigure 2 Second grade goatskins ISO 7482-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 9 Key A diseases, tumours, etc. B brand marks, paint, etc. C insects, parasites, etc. D woun
39、ds, holes, cuts, scratches, etc. E putrefaction, hair slip, red heat, etc. F dirt, dung, urine, seeds, sand, etc. Figure 2 (continued) ISO 7482-3:2005(E) 10 ISO 2005 All rights reservedFigure 3 Third grade goatskins ISO 7482-3:2005(E) ISO 2005 All rights reserved 11 Key A diseases, tumours, etc. B b
40、rand marks, paint, etc. C insects, parasites, etc. D wounds, holes, cuts, scratches, etc. E putrefaction, hair slip, red heat, etc. F dirt, dung, urine, seeds, sand, etc. Figure 3 (continued) ISO 7482-3:2005(E) 12 ISO 2005 All rights reservedFigure 4 Fourth grade goatskins ISO 7482-3:2005(E) ISO 200
41、5 All rights reserved 13 Key A diseases, tumours, etc. B brand marks, paint, etc. C insects, parasites, etc. D wounds, holes, cuts, scratches, etc. E putrefaction, hair slip, red heat, etc. F dirt, dung, urine, seeds, sand, etc. Figure 4 (continued) ISO 7482-3:2005(E) ICS 59.140.20 Price based on 13 pages ISO 2005 All rights reserved
