1、 Reference number ISO 8873-3:2007(E) ISO 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8873-3 First edition 2007-05-01 Rigid cellular plastics Spray-applied polyurethane foam for thermal insulation Part 3: Test methods Plastiques alvolaires rigides Mousse de polyurthanne projete pour lisolation thermique Partie 3:
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6、m either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2007 All rights reservedISO 8873-3:2007(E
7、) ISO 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Standard laboratory procedure for the determination of volatile organic compound emissions from cellular plastic products. 3 4.1 General. 3 4.2 Apparatus and
8、equipment 3 4.3 Test procedure 5 4.4 Estimation of indoor air concentrations. 7 4.5 Test report 9 4.6 Assessment of acceptability of the material 9 4.7 Accuracy 9 5 Test method for air permeance of spray-applied polyurethane foam . 10 5.1 General. 10 5.2 Number of samples. 10 5.3 Apparatus (see Figu
9、re 2) . 10 5.4 Test procedure for air permeance of spray-applied polyurethane foam 12 5.5 Test procedure for control . 16 5.6 Test report 17 ISO 8873-3:2007(E) iv ISO 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national stand
10、ards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International orga
11、nizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given
12、in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75
13、% of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 8873-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plas
14、tics, Subcommittee SC 10, Cellular plastics. This first edition of ISO 8873-3, together with ISO 8873-1 and ISO 8873-2, cancels and replaces ISO 8873:1987, which has been technically revised. ISO 8873 consists of the following parts, under the general title Rigid cellular plastics Spray-applied poly
15、urethane foam for thermal insulation: Part 1: Material specifications Part 2: Application Part 3: Test methods ISO 8873-3:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved v Introduction This part of ISO 8873 provides the test methods required for the specification given in ISO 8873-1. These test methods are cur
16、rently not stand-alone test standards. In the future, when these test methods become stand- alone International Standards, this part of ISO 8873 will be withdrawn. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8873-3:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 1 Rigid cellular plastics Spray-applied polyurethane foam for the
17、rmal insulation Part 3: Test methods WARNING Persons using this document should be familiar with normal laboratory practice, if applicable. This document does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropr
18、iate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any regulatory requirements. 1 Scope This part of ISO 8873 specifies the test procedures that are to be used when testing spray-applied polyurethane foam materials to verify that they meet the requirements given in ISO 8873-1. 2 Normativ
19、e references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 8873-1, Rigid cellular plastics
20、Spray-applied polyurethane foam for thermal insulation Part 1: Material specifications 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 air-exchange rate AER volume of clean air brought into the chamber in 1 h divided by the chamber volume mea
21、sured in identical volume units NOTE This rate is normally expressed in air changes per hour (AC/h). 3.2 air permeance rate of airflow (l/s), per unit area (m 2 ) and per unit static pressure differential (Pa) 3.3 chamber-loading ratio total exposed surface area of each cellular plastic product spec
22、imen divided by the test chamber volume NOTE Since the cellular plastic product is intended to be installed in large continuous areas, only the face of the insulation is exposed in the test procedure. ISO 8873-3:2007(E) 2 ISO 2007 All rights reserved3.4 clean air air that does not contain any volati
23、le organic compounds at a concentration in excess of the allowable background level (i.e. 1 % of the permissible indoor air concentration limit for each compound identified) 3.5 dynamic chamber chamber where a material specimen can be placed and tested to determine the volatile organic compound emis
24、sion rate under controlled environmental conditions 3.6 GC/MS-SCAN gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer operated in scan mode 3.7 head-space analysis procedure for measuring the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in the air space enclosed within a static, airtight chamber NOTE The chamber is a
25、ssumed to contain VOCs in equilibrium with the VOCs emitted by the specimen in the chamber. 3.8 head-space (static) chamber airtight chamber where a specimen can be placed and tested to determine the volatile organic compounds emitted under controlled environmental conditions 3.9 internal standard v
26、olatile organic compound (other than that identified in the head-space analysis) which is injected at a known rate into the dynamic chamber in order to verify sample collection and analysis procedures 3.10 permissible indoor air concentration maximum allowable indoor air concentration of a volatile
27、organic compound 3.11 tracer gas gaseous chemical (e.g. SF 6and N 2 O) used to study the mixing characteristics of the dynamic chamber and to provide a crosscheck of the air-exchange rate measurements 3.12 threshold limit value TLV time-weighted average concentration for a normal 8 h workday and a 4
28、0 h workweek, which nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed to without adverse effects, day after day NOTE Also called TLV-TWA (threshold limit valuetime-weighted average). 3.13 volatile organic compound VOC organic compound with a saturation vapour pressure at room temperature and/or with a bo
29、iling point less than 260 C ISO 8873-3:2007(E) ISO 2007 All rights reserved 3 4 Standard laboratory procedure for the determination of volatile organic compound emissions from cellular plastic products 4.1 General This standard laboratory procedure has been developed for the assessment of volatile o
30、rganic compound emissions from building materials made from plastic. It specifies recommended procedures for the use of test chambers to evaluate emissions from a product at a point in time following its installation. It contains the following: a) a head-space analysis procedure for initial identifi
31、cation of volatile organic compounds released by a material; b) two dynamic chamber procedures (A and B) for characterizing the rate of volatile organic compound emissions from a material; c) methodology for calculating the estimated indoor air concentrations of volatile organic compounds based on t
32、he results of dynamic chamber testing. The headspace analysis is a static test to identify significant amounts of emitted compounds from the material. It is followed by either dynamic chamber procedure (A or B). Procedure A determines the long-term VOC emission characteristics of the material. The t
33、est is conducted after conditioning the material sample for 30 days. Procedure B determines the VOC emission profile of the product commencing 20 h to 24 h after installation of the material in a building and continues for 30 days. The results of procedure A or B are used to calculate the indoor air
34、 VOC concentration profiles and to determine the acceptability of the material for new construction and/or retrofit use. Procedure A is used to evaluate the material in new residential construction when there is a minimum of 30 days from material installation to building occupancy. Procedure B is a
35、more complex evaluation of the material when the normal 30-day minimum airing-out period associated with new construction is not provided (e.g. occupied buildings). In these special cases (e.g. occupied buildings), the product and/or application standard will provide the requirements for isolation a
36、nd ventilation, if necessary. The test results of procedure B will determine the length of time that these requirements are necessary. The methodology for assessing the acceptability of the material utilizes a comparison of the estimated indoor air concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
37、with permissible concentrations. 4.2 Apparatus and equipment 4.2.1 General product requirements All equipment and apparatus in contact with the specimen or the associated air stream, including the air- exchange system, chambers, sample holder and air sampling system, shall be of glass, stainless ste
38、el or another inert material. Special care should be taken to ensure that gaskets, seals, sealants, valve and pump components and other associated items are chemically inert. 4.2.2 Head-space (static) chamber The head-space chamber shall be a small container (approximately 1 litre) and shall be cons
39、tructed of materials that meet the requirements of 4.2.1. The interior should be smooth and easy to clean. The container ISO 8873-3:2007(E) 4 ISO 2007 All rights reservedshall have an airtight opening of sufficient size to allow loading/unloading of the specimen and chamber cleaning. Two ports to al
40、low the removal and return of an air sample shall be provided. 4.2.3 Dynamic chamber The chamber and all associated hardware shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1. The interior should be smooth and easy to clean. All gaskets shall be of Teflon or another chemically inert material. The chamber size is
41、 not critical; however, a chamber volume of 0,1 m 3to 1,0 m 3will provide a reasonable compromise between sample size and complexity of testing. The chamber shall be equipped with an airtight opening large enough to allow specimen loading/unloading and chamber cleaning. Ports for temperature and hum
42、idity probes and air and gas supply/exhaust connections shall be provided as required. The chamber design shall allow for complete mixing of the air and this shall be verified (with a specimen in place) using a tracer gas decay test. The surface air velocity over the cellular plastic product specime
43、n should be between 0,04 m/s and 0,05 m/s. This velocity shall be verified using a thermal anemometer or other appropriate air velocity measurement instrument. 4.2.4 Sample storage enclosure This enclosure shall be large enough to contain the specimen and shall contain shelves to hold the other stor
44、age vessels referenced in this part of ISO 8873. The enclosure shall be lined with chemically inert material that is easy to clean, and shall be provided with environmental control and monitoring systems that maintain a temperature of (23 2) C, a relative humidity of (50 5) %, and a clean air-exchan
45、ge rate of 0,3 0,015 air changes per hour. 4.2.5 Environmental enclosure This enclosure shall be large enough to contain the dynamic chamber and all associated equipment, including air sampling equipment, and bottled gas supplies. The enclosure shall be lined with material that is easy to clean and
46、it shall be provided with environmental control systems that maintain a temperature of (40 2) C. 4.2.6 Air-exchange system This system shall be capable of supplying a controlled flow of clean air through the test chamber and associated equipment. Clean air may include air supplied from compressed ga
47、s cylinders or ambient air, which is conditioned by removing moisture and trace organic chemicals through charcoal filtration or other means. The equipment shall include the following: a) a humidification system that maintains the relative humidity (RH) of the airflow at (50 5) % using deionized wat
48、er (or equivalent), and a humidity indicator/recorder accurate to 5 % RH; b) a temperature recorder/indicator system that can accurately measure airflow temperatures to 2 C at 40 C; due to compressed gas expansion cooling effects, a reheating system may be required to ensure that the air entering th
49、e chamber is at a temperature of (40 2) C; c) an air pump or pumps (unless a compressed air supply system is used), set to supply an airflow rate equivalent to 0,3 air changes per hour, based on the volume of the emissions test chamber; the flow rate shall be controllable to within 5 % of the specified value; the chamber shall be operated, and verified to be, at a slight positive pressure to avoid contamination of the test chamber and sampling systems; d) a flow indicator/recorder, accurate to withi
