1、 Reference number ISO 9597:2008(E) ISO 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9597 Second edition 2008-11-15 Cement Test methods Determination of setting time and soundness Ciments Mthodes dessais Dtermination du temps de prise et de la stabilit ISO 9597:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embe
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6、ester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2008 All rights reservedISO 9597:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normati
7、ve references . 1 3 Principles. 1 4 Laboratory, equipment and materials. 1 5 Standard consistence test . 2 6 Setting time test 5 7 Soundness test . 7 Annex A (informative) Alternative method for setting time tests 10 ISO 9597:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Org
8、anization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been establi
9、shed has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardizatio
10、n. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
11、Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such pat
12、ent rights. ISO 9597 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 74, Cement and lime. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9597:1989), the following clauses and subclauses of which have been technically revised, based on comments received by the secretariat. 4.1: Requiremen
13、t for the laboratory relative humidity is reduced to a minimum of 50 % from a minimum of 65 %. 4.2.5: Drinking water is permitted for storing and boiling test specimens; drinking water is no longer permitted in the production of paste since such water varies in quality between places and even with t
14、ime in the same laboratory. 5.1: The Vicat mould is permitted to have a cylindrical, in addition to truncated conical, shape. 5.2.1: The time permitted for scraping paste from the sides and bottom of the mixing bowl is increased from 15 s to 30 s. 5.2.3: The end-point for the determination of standa
15、rd consistence is increased to (6 2) mm from (6 1) mm. Clause 6: The determination of the setting time is carried out whilst the specimen is immersed in water. 6.1.1: In the determination of the setting time, the use of automatic apparatus conforming to the requirements of the reference method is pe
16、rmitted. 6.1.3: In the determination of the setting time, the tolerance on storage temperature for specimens is reduced to (20,0 1,0) C from (20 1) C. 6.2.2: The end-point for the determination of the initial setting time is increased to (6 3) mm from (4 1) mm. 6.3.1: It is required to confirm the e
17、nd-point for the determination of the final setting time by testing at two additional positions in the test specimen. 7.1.1: The material for the construction of the Le Chatelier apparatus to determine the soundness is extended to any non-corrodible spring metal. ISO 9597:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights
18、 reserved v 7.1.3: The minimum relative humidity in which specimens for determination of soundness are stored is reduced to 90 % from 98 %. 7.2: The determination of soundness is carried out once. 7.4: Where a retest of the determination of soundness is required, the relative humidity at which the c
19、ement sample is stored is reduced to 50 % from 65 %. Annex A: An alternative method for testing the setting times of slow-setting cements is included. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9597:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1 Cement Test methods Determination of setting time and soundness 1 Scope This I
20、nternational Standard specifies the methods for determining standard consistence, setting times and soundness of cements. The method applies to common cements and to other cements and materials, the standards for which call up this method. It might not apply to other cement types that have, for exam
21、ple, a very short initial setting time. The method is used for assessing whether the setting time and soundness of a cement is in conformity with its specification. This International Standard describes the reference methods and allows the use of alternative procedures and equipment, as indicated, p
22、rovided that they have been calibrated against the reference methods. In the event of a dispute, only the reference equipment and procedures described in this International Standard can be used, excluding any alternatives. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable f
23、or the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 679, Cement Test methods Determination of strength 3 Principles Cement paste of standard consistenc
24、e has a specified resistance to penetration by a standard plunger. The water required for such a paste is determined by trial penetrations of pastes with different water contents. The setting time is determined by observing the penetration of a needle into cement paste of standard consistence until
25、it reaches a specified value. The soundness is determined by observing the volume expansion of cement paste of standard consistence as indicated by the relative movement of two needles. 4 Laboratory, equipment and materials 4.1 Laboratory The laboratory in which specimens are prepared and tested sha
26、ll be maintained at a temperature of (20 2) C and a relative humidity of not less than 50 %. A laboratory temperature of (25 2) C or (27 2) C may be maintained in warm countries, provided the temperature is stated in the test report. ISO 9597:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reservedThe temperature and
27、 relative humidity of the air in the laboratory and the temperature of the water in the storage containers shall be recorded at least once per day during working hours. Cement, water and apparatus used to make and test specimens shall be at the laboratory temperature. NOTE See Annex A for storage co
28、nditions applied when testing setting times by an alternative method. Where temperature ranges are given, the target temperature at which the controls are set shall be the middle value of the range. 4.2 Equipment and materials 4.2.1 General requirements The tolerances shown in Figures 1 and 2 are im
29、portant for the correct operation of the equipment in the testing procedure. When regular control measurements show that the tolerances are not met, the equipment shall be rejected, adjusted or repaired. Records of control measurements shall be kept. Acceptance measurements on new equipment shall co
30、ver mass, volume and dimensions to the extent that these are indicated in this International Standard, paying particular attention to those critical dimensions for which tolerances are specified. In those cases when the material of the equipment can influence the results, the material is specified a
31、nd shall be used. The approximate dimensions shown in the figures are provided as guidance to equipment manufacturers or operators. Dimensions that include tolerances are obligatory. 4.2.2 Balance, capable of weighing to an accuracy of 1 g. 4.2.3 Graduated cylinder or burette, capable of dispensing
32、to an accuracy of 1 ml. 4.2.4 Mixer, conforming to ISO 679. NOTE A more homogeneous paste is produced at the lower limit of tolerance for the clearance between the blade and the bowl. 4.2.5 Water, distilled or deionized, shall be used for making the specimens. Drinking water may be used for storing
33、and boiling specimens. 4.2.6 Timer, capable of measuring to an accuracy of 1 s. 4.2.7 Ruler, capable of measuring to an accuracy of 0,5 mm. 5 Standard consistence test 5.1 Apparatus Use the manual Vicat apparatus as shown in Figure 1 a) and 1 b) with the plunger as shown in Figure 1 c). The plunger
34、shall be of non-corrodible metal in the form of a right cylinder of at least 45 mm effective length and of (10,00 0,05) mm diameter. The total mass of moving parts shall be (300 1) g. Their movement shall be truly vertical and without appreciable friction, and their axis shall coincide with that of
35、the plunger. The Vicat mould see Figure 1 a) to contain the paste under test shall be of hard rubber, plastics or brass. It shall be of cylindrical or preferably truncated conical form (40,0 0,2) mm deep and shall have an internal diameter of (75 10) mm. It shall be adequately rigid and shall be pro
36、vided with a base-plate larger than the ISO 9597:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3 mould and at least 2,5 mm thick, constructed of impermeable material resistant to attack by cement paste, e.g. plane glass. Moulds of other metal may be used, provided that they are of the specified depth and tha
37、t their use has been calibrated against the specified mould. It is recommended that a laboratory uses base-plates of equal thickness so that it is necessary only to adjust the scale of the Vicat apparatus once for several determinations. Dimensions in millimetres a) Side view with mould in an uprigh
38、t position for initial setting time determination b) Front view with mould inverted for final setting time determination Figure 1 (continued) ISO 9597:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres c) Plunger for standard consistence d) Needle for initial set e) Needle with attachme
39、nt for final set Key 1 mould 5 water 2 correcting weights 6 air vent ( 1,5) 3 base-plate 7 air vent 4 container aView from below needle with attachment for determining final setting time. NOTE Only one correcting weight is required for each Vicat apparatus if the mass of the plunger and the needles
40、with and without the attachment is always the same, e.g. (9,0 0,5) g. Figure 1 Typical manual Vicat apparatus for determination of standard consistence and setting time 5.2 Procedure 5.2.1 Mixing the cement paste Weigh, to an accuracy of 1 g, by means of the balance (4.2.2), 500 g of cement and a qu
41、antity of water, e.g. 125 g. When water is measured by volume using the graduated cylinder or burette (4.2.3), it shall be dispensed to an accuracy of 1 ml. Mix each batch of paste mechanically using the mixer (4.2.4). The timing of the various mixing stages refers to the times at which mixer power
42、is switched on/off and shall be maintained within 2 s. Proceed as follows. a) With the mixer in the operating condition, place the water and cement into the bowl, taking care to avoid loss of water or cement; complete the addition within 10 s. b) Immediately start the mixer at low speed whilst start
43、ing the timing of the mixing stages. In addition, record the time to the nearest minute as “zero time”. NOTE “Zero time” is the point from which the initial (see 6.2) and final (see 6.3) setting times are calculated. ISO 9597:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 5 c) Stop the mixer after 90 s for 30
44、 s during which time detach, by means of a suitable rubber or plastics scraper, all the paste adhering to the wall and bottom part of the bowl and place it in the middle of the bowl. d) Restart the mixer and run at low speed for a further 90 s. The total mixer running time shall be 3 min. Any other
45、mixing method may be used, provided that it has been calibrated against the reference method. 5.2.2 Filling the mould Transfer the paste immediately to the lightly oiled mould, which has previously been placed on the lightly oiled base-plate, and fill it to excess without undue compaction or vibrati
46、on. Remove any voids in the paste by gently tapping the slightly overfilled mould against the ball of the hand. Remove the excess by a gentle sawing motion with a straight-edged implement in such a way as to leave the paste filling the mould and having a smooth upper surface. NOTE Some oils have bee
47、n found to affect the setting time test; mineral-based oils have been found to be suitable. WARNING Wet cement paste is highly alkaline and can cause skin burns. Avoid direct contact with skin during manual operations by wearing protective gloves. 5.2.3 Determination of standard consistence Adjust t
48、he manual Vicat apparatus with the plunger Figure 1 c), attached in advance of the test, by lowering the plunger to rest on the base-plate being used and adjusting the pointer or the scale to read zero. Raise the plunger to the stand-by position. Immediately after levelling the paste, transfer the m
49、ould and base-plate to the Vicat apparatus and position it centrally under the plunger. Lower the plunger gently until it is in contact with the paste. Pause in that position for between 1 s and 2 s in order to avoid initial velocity or forced acceleration of the moving parts. Then release the moving parts quickly and allow the plunger to penetrate vertically into the centre of the paste. The release of the plunger shall occur 4 min 10 s af
