1、Information technology Multimedia application format (MPEG-A) Part 15: Multimedia preservation application format AMENDMENT 1: Implementation guidelines for MP-AF Technologies de linformation Format pour application multimdia (MPEG-A) Partie 15: Format pour application de la conservation des multimd
2、ias AMENDEMENT 1: Lignes directrices pour MP-AF INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 23000-15 First edition 2016-07-15 Reference number ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) AMENDMENT 1 2017-01 ISO/IEC 2017 ii ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2017, Published in Switzerla
3、nd All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be reques
4、ted from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.org ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) ISO/IEC 23000
5、-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International S
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7、and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In partic
8、ular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of th
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11、the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. Amendment 1 to ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, SC 29, Coding of audio, picture, multimedia and
12、 hypermedia information. ISO/IEC 2017 All rights reserved iii Information technology Multimedia application format (MPEG-A) Part 15: Multimedia preservation application format AMENDMENT 1: Implementation guidelines for MP-AF Page 57, Clause 7 Insert Clause 8 and Clause 9 8 Implementation guidelines
13、(non-normative) 8.1 General 8.2 to 8.4 provide an overview of three concrete use cases from professional digital preservation stakeholders. Their workflows and most relevant metadata are introduced, then MP-AF XML implementations addressing preservation needs from real-world use cases are reported.
14、Terminology from Open Archival Information System (OAIS) 4is used, which defines information packages (IP) at the ingest (Submission IP - SIP) and delivery (Dissemination IP - DIP) side of a preservation system. A typical format migration use case is presented in 8.2, which showcases a common necess
15、ity in digital preservation workflows. 8.3 focuses on “Audiovisual Digitization” scenario based on a concrete project that is currently under deployment at RAI Radiotelevisione Italiana (i.e. the National Italian Broadcaster). 8.4 deals with digitization of audio content of Short Play (SP) vinyl rec
16、ords and Master 1/2 inch tapes, a concrete activity performed at National Diet Library (NDL) of Japan. MP-AF compliant XML documents are reported entirely within source code boxes in this document and also included as separated XML files in the electronic inserts. 8.5 discusses the use of MP-AF in c
17、ontent archival and packaging (i.e. how to tie essences and metadata together). 8.2 Outsourcing format migration use case 8.2.1 General This is a generic use case about basic format migration activities. Lets suppose that the organization Fred ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights
18、reserved 1 ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) the specific preservation information created in this scenario, which can be represented by specific MP-AF preservation descriptors like Fixity, Integrity and Rights. 8.2.2 Process overview Fred the software tool that detected the SMPTE compliance probl
19、em; the software tool used for performing the merging and trans-wrapping operation; tool used for validating the result of the trans-wrapping; the location of media files that represent the input and the result of the trans-wrapping operation; the time required for executing the trans-wrapping opera
20、tion. Table 8 summarizes the sequence of activities carried out. The columns represent the respective responsibilities of each organization. Table 8 Sequence of activities Activity Fred fixing of MXF wrapper in case of SMPTE standards violations, with logging of the operation in MP-AF format 4 Trans
21、coding of essence to the target coding schemes with logging of the operation in MP-AF format 5 Quality control (i.e. formal check) of the resulting file with logging of the operation results in MP-AF format 6 Ingestion of the updated SIP containing the transcoded and trans-wrapped essence and the up
22、dated MP-AF metadata First, Fred the relevant metadata in MP-AF XML format with: a DescriptiveMetadataDescriptor containing basic descriptive metadata at preservation object level;2 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) the description of the representation (XDCAM in MFX)
23、already available with Essence/Components (i.e. related to the first and second part of the video programme); TechnicalMetadataDescriptors containing technical metadata at preservation object and essence/bitstream level. In the second stage, ACME Preservation receives the DIP and performs the reques
24、ted migration/transcoding including quality control activities. Most importantly, ACME Preservation updates the MP-AF XML metadata document by adding the new representation given by the ISO image of the work. The package delivered by ACME Preservation to Fred the new representation: one essence with
25、 a/v streams (includes the locator of essence); TechnicalMetadataDescriptor containing technical metadata at preservation object and essence/bitstream level; DescriptiveMetadataDescriptor containing basic descriptive metadata at preservation object level; QualityMetadataDescriptor containing quality
26、 metadata for old representations; process metadata (i.e. description and configurations of the tools used in the process) documenting the derivation of the new representation; QualityMetadataDescriptor containing quality metadata for the new representation being assessed by ACME Preservation. Figur
27、e 18 shows a logical representation of the MP-AF document including the updates from ACME Preservation, reflecting the activities performed and the produced outputs. This updated MP-AF instance is delivered back to the Fred&Alice Limiteds archive, together with the freshly created DVD ISO files. ISO
28、 2017 All rights reserved 3 ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) Key D descriptor Ident. identification DS description scheme Descr. descriptive metadata QA analysis Tech. technical metadata Figure 18 Structure of MP-AF document delivered to Fred&Alice Limited 8.2.3 Preservation Information 8.2.3.1 G
29、eneral Pre-existing and newly created preservation metadata created by ACME Preservation, are stored in MP-AF making use of the following specific descriptors: 8.2.3.2 Fixity Fred&Alice Limited originally recorded the checksum (MD5) of all three provided files, which enables the verification of thei
30、r fixity, ensuring that no bit changes have occurred. For a more robust check, they decided to add an alternative checksum (SHA1). Also they decide to store distinct checksum values for each component (video and audio) and for each video segment along the timeline. NOTE The MP-AF Fixity Descriptor s
31、upports multiple checksums representations separately for each essence/component. 8.2.3.3 Integrity4 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) Fred&Alice Limited is concerned about the fact that one of the two MXF files could get lost and one could be unaware that a part of th
32、e whole programme is missing (i.e. treating the file as a shorter version of the programme). Fred&Alice Limited is tempted to concatenate the two files, but the operators are not sure about the technical quality of the result, so they keep the original parts in separate files. NOTE MP-AF allows prov
33、iding information that guarantees the integrity by means of an Integrity Descriptor, linked to specific Representations of the Preservation Object. 8.2.3.4 Rights Fred&Alice Limited are the original producers of “Freds places” and they hold all the rights including the exploitation. They also have a
34、 document with free text description of the work, emails exchanged with other companies having technically contributed to the production, and the document for the request of ISAN registration. One year ago, they granted exclusive rights to “Mountains and Rivers Entertainment Limited” for performing
35、any kind of communication to the public and on any public performances in the country “Italy” “ITA”, ISO country code: 380 1) . The material delivered to “Mountains and Rivers Entertainment Limited” were created by means of transcoding from the MXF files, but no copy of it was kept by Fred&Alice Lim
36、ited. NOTE MP-AF allows providing such information through the Rights Descriptor linked to the specific Representation. 8.2.3.5 Quality ACME Preservation performs file format compliance checks for the produced files. This results in a report containing the checks performed and the outcome reported b
37、y the automatic quality analysis tools. The XML report includes only few recommended tests for MXF wrapper consistency, but many others can be added. 1) ISO 3166-1 numeric. ISO 2017 All rights reserved 5 ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) 8.2.4 XML Serialization of MP-AF Metadata This subclause pro
38、vides a complete XML serialization of MP-AF Metadata that formally validates against the normative schema provided by the standard. Useful comments are provided inline.http:/my.org/qc/tool1http:/my.org/qc/tool2http:/acme.org/qc/tool4http:/acme.org/qc/tool3http:/acme.org/qc/tool46 ISO 2017 All rights
39、 reserved ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E)JohnDoeurn:smpte:umid:060A2B - 340101010501010D12130000000123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEFhttp:/www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#aes128urn:smpte:u - mid:060A2B3401010 10501010D12130000000123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEFAudiovisual ISO 2017 All rights reserved 7 IS
40、O/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E)abc123Digital video formatabc1248 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E)urn:smpte:umid:060A2B3401010 10501010D12130000000123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEFabc567 ISO 2017 All rights reserved 9 ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E)Video and Audio
41、quality annotations made automati- cally1.0OP1a512- Closed/Complete- Closed/Complete- Closed/CompleteOperational PatternTruecompleteautomatic10 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E)KAG SizeTruecompleteautomaticPartition StatusTruecompleteautomaticurn:smpte:umid:060A2B34010
42、10 10501010D12130000000123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF ISO 2017 All rights reserved 11 ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E)abc567Figure 19 MP-AF XML representation of format migration example 8.3 Audiovisual Digitization Use Case 8.3.1 General At the date of writing, RAI is undertaking a strategic in
43、ternal project with the aim of digitizing its whole historical archive. This operation is done by moving the audio-visual content from old media carriers (e.g. Betacam tapes and 16 mm films) to master high quality files. Besides the essence, metadata have to be preserved with a special attention to
44、technical and process metadata. This document does not dig into the details of the whole processing workflow or the technical aspects of the employed software tools. It focuses on describing the main metadata output that RAI intends to preserve and their collocation inside the MP-AF standard. The re
45、lated MP-AF XML serialization included in this document is not to be understood as a final and complete version in use at RAI. 8.3.2 Process overview Content migration is a complex process that includes a wide set of interdependent activities operated either automatically by specific software and de
46、vices or manually by specialized technicians and operators. Figure 20 shows briefly the main activities involved in a simplified version of the workflow adopted in RAI, in this picture the temporal sequence of actions is represented from left to right. Each activity is summarized in 8.3.3, with spec
47、ific focus on generated metadata and their representation in MP-AF.12 ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO/IEC 23000-15:2016/Amd.1:2017(E) Physical Veriication and Preparation Material selection and Identiication Digitization Quality Control Trans- coding Figure 20 Simplified migration workflow 8.3.3 Pr
48、eservation metadata along the processing chain 8.3.3.1 General Making reference to Figure 20, the following subclauses briefly describe each activity and related produced metadata to be represented and preserved inside MP-AF. 8.3.3.2 Material selection and identification In this phase, the analogue
49、material is selected taking into account given priorities, numbers of copies and kind of original media available, rights, etc. The Selection and Identification is typically performed relying on the available information in legacy databases, collected metadata are related mostly to the identification of the editorial items stored on the media and their rights. The MP-AF descriptors used for representing this information a
