1、 Reference number ISO/IEC TR 29162:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/IEC TR 29162 First edition 2012-07-15 Information technology Guidelines for using data structures in AIDC media Technologies de linformation Directives pour lusage des structures de donnes dans des medias dAIDC ISO/IEC TR 29
2、162:2012(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO
3、at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reservedISO/IEC TR 29162:2012(E) I
4、SO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Introduction . v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 Abbreviated terms 1 5 Standards applied to data encoding for AIDC media . 2 6 ISO/IEC 15434 application for high capacity AIDC media 3 6.1 Assigned formats in ISO/IEC 15
5、434 4 6.2 System data elements for compatibility across all AIDC media 5 6.3 Data Carrier Identifiers for RFID and other AIDC media . 5 7 RFID encoding of UII 6 7.1 Extant numbering systems for RFID . 6 7.2 Tag type and UII data storage area . 7 7.3 ISO/IEC 18000-63, Type C and 18000-3m3 ASK and EPC
6、global memory architecture 8 7.4 Unique Identifier of a physical object (UII) . 9 7.5 Data construct . 11 7.6 Encoding of Memory Bank “01” Unique Item Identifier 11 8 RFID encoding of user data 14 8.1 No directory . 14 8.2 Directory. 14 8.3 Packed Object . 14 8.4 Tag Data Profile . 15 9 RFID ISO/IEC
7、 15434 direct encoding of user data 15 10 Storing data in various types of RF tags . 15 11 Methods to store UII data in RFID memory and other AIDC media . 16 Bibliography 31 ISO/IEC TR 29162:2012(E) iv ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization)
8、and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal
9、with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC
10、have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the jo
11、int technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when the joint technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that w
12、hich is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and shall be subject to review every five years in the same manner as an International Standard. Attention is d
13、rawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Technical Report may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC TR 29162 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, S
14、ubcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. ISO/IEC TR 29162:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved vIntroduction Radio frequency identification (RFID) is one of the AIDC media widely used in the market place. Linear bar codes and two-dimensional symbols have long util
15、ized AIDC media. The international standard for AIDC syntax is ISO/IEC 15434. ISO/IEC 15961 and ISO/IEC 15962 were developed as encoding rules for RFID. Users have long utilized linear bar codes and two-dimensional symbols for item identification and numerous RFID technologies have recently been dev
16、eloped. Users who want to utilize RFID transponders should consider compatibility with linear bar codes and two-dimensional symbols already in the system. Because of the growing diversity and complexity of AIDC media in the market place, especially in RFID, it is not easy for users to understand how
17、 to read and write their data to each application of AIDC media. This Technical Report explains common data structures used in both optically readable media (linear bar codes and two-dimensional symbols) and radio-frequency identification. It primarily addresses the use of ASC MH10 Data Identifiers
18、to provide the semantics, ISO/IEC 15434 to provide the syntax, and ISO techniques of unique item identification with ISO/IEC 15961 Application Family Identifiers (AFIs) and encoding rules for RFID using ISO/IEC 15962. Those interested in applications using Air Transport Association (ATA) SPEC 2000,
19、Text Element Identifiers, are encouraged to contact the ATA for specific guidance. Those interested in applications using GS1 Application Identifiers and EPC, specifically for material found in the EPC Tag Data Standard (TDS), are encouraged to contact GS1 for specific guidance. TECHNICAL REPORT ISO
20、/IEC TR 29162:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved 1Information technology Guidelines for using data structures in AIDC media 1 Scope This Technical Report provides guidance on the use of AIDC media (e.g. linear bar codes, two-dimensional symbols, RFID transponders) in the supply chain. 2 Normat
21、ive references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this Technical Report. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts),
22、 Information technology Automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) techniques Harmonized vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts) apply. 4 Abbreviated terms For the purposes of this document, the abbrevia
23、ted terms given in ISO/IEC 19762 (all parts) and the following apply. AFI Application Family Identifier AI Application Identification AIDC Automatic Identification and Data Capture CIN Company Identification Number DI Data Identifier DSFID Data Storage Format Identifier ECI Extended Channel Interpre
24、tations EPC Electronic Product Code IAC Issuing Agency Code IATA International Air Transport Association ISO/IEC TR 29162:2012(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reservedIEP Inter-sector Electronic Purse ISBT International Association of Blood Transfusion services OID Object Identifier PC Protocol Control
25、 (bits) RFID Radio Frequency Identification SN Serial Number TEI Text Element Identifier TID Tag identification UII Unique Item Identifier UML Unified Modeling Language UPU Universal Postal Union VIN Vehicle Identification Number XPC Extended PC (bits) 5 Standards applied to data encoding for AIDC m
26、edia AIDC media in various forms are transported and/or stored, together with goods or items. ISO/IEC 15434 was developed as a syntax for high capacity AIDC media and applied to many kinds of two- dimensional symbols. ISO/IEC 15961 and ISO/IEC 15962 were developed for RFID air interface standards, a
27、s an encoding method only for RFID. For the sake of simplicity, users want to use a single data standard for the various forms of AIDC media. (See Figure 1). However, because of the inherent characteristics of RFID and optical technologies, differences in data encoding arise, some of which will be d
28、escribed within this Technical Report. Figure 1 Application user requirement For example, bar codes are always scanned one at a time, but a large population of RFID tags can be inventoried nearly simultaneously. To support the RFID inventory operation, the Unique Item Identificaiton (UII) of the RFI
29、D tag is prefaced by “filtering” information (a numbering system identifier or an AFI) that has no correlation in bar code systems. ISO/IEC TR 29162:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved 3As a second example, for faster inventory operations, many RFID tag architectures transmit only the UII porti
30、on of their data during inventory, sending item attendant data only upon request. In contrast, a 2D symbol reader always obtains and transmits the full contents simultaneously (both UII and item attendant data). Since the 1970s, linear bar code symbols have typically encoded application-specific “li
31、cense plate” item information. The bar code symbol encodes an identifying primary key to a database entry that contains current information about the item. If the bar code identifier is not serialized (UPC symbols are an example), it identifies a class of item, such as a certain product of a certain
32、 size. If serialized, the “license plate” identifies a specific instance of an item; in open system applications, it is important that the identification system can guarantee that each “license plate” is uniquely distinct from all others. Unique Item Identifiers (UIIs) can be contained in “unique id
33、entification-only” media such as a license-plate bar code symbol or an RFID tag containing only a UII. In the case of “unique identification-only,” a database or look-up to trading partner communications is required to establish additional information about the entity to which the UII is attached. T
34、echnologies such as two-dimensional symbols and data rich RF tags can contain this additional “item attendant data” within that medium. A number of ISO/IEC specifications have been developed for encoding and decoding of linear bar code symbologies, such as ISO/IEC 15420 for EAN/UPC and ISO/IEC 15417
35、 for Code 128, and for two- dimensional symbologies, such as ISO/IEC 15438 for PDF417 (see Bibliography for a complete list). The remainder of this technical report describes currently available methods for encoding both UII and item attendant data in optical and RFID media. For all two-dimensional
36、symbols, the data syntax specified in ISO/IEC 15434 (and summarized in Section 6 of this Technical Report) can be used. For most RFID data carriers, the UII is encoded separately (for efficient inventory operations), and the item attendant data should be encoded using ISO/IEC 15434 syntax. The RFID
37、encoding options are summarized in Sections 7, 8, and 9 of this Technical Report, and additional RFID-specific guidance is provided in Sections 10, 11, and the Annexes A through D 6 ISO/IEC 15434 application for high capacity AIDC media ISO/IEC 15434 is a transfer structure, syntax and coding of mes
38、sages and data formats when using high capacity AIDC media between trading partners, specifically between suppliers and recipients and, where applicable, in support of carrier applications such as bills of lading and carrier sorting and tracking; ISO/IEC 15434 includes encoded data: used in the ship
39、ping, receiving and inventory of transport units; contained within supporting documentation, in paper or electronic form, related to unit loads or transport packages; used in the sorting and tracking of transport units; used for the sorting and tracking of returnable transport items; used for the so
40、rting and tracking of products and product packages. To allow multiple data formats to be contained within a data stream, a two level structure of enveloping is employed. The outermost layer of the message is a Message Envelope that defines the beginning and end of the message. Within the Message En
41、velope are one or more Format Envelopes that contain the data (See Figure 2). Multiple formats in a single message should be employed only through trading partner agreements. ISO/IEC TR 29162:2012(E) 4 ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reservedFigure 2 Envelope structure of ISO/IEC 15434 6.1 Assigned formats
42、in ISO/IEC 15434 Header data and format trailer for each format are defined in Table 1. Table 1 ISO/IEC 15434 header data and trailers Format Indicator Variable Header Data Format Trailer Format Description 00 Reserved for future use 01 G S vv R STransportation 02 Complete EDI message / transaction
43、03 vvvrrr F S G S U SR SStructured data using ANSI ASC X12 Segments 04 vvvrrr F S G S U SR SStructured data using UN/EDIFACT Segments 05 G SR SData using GS1 Application Identifiers 06 G SR SData using ASC MH 10 Data Identifiers 07 R SFree form text 08 vvvvrrnn Structured data using CII Syntax Rules
44、 09 G Sttt.t G Sccc.c G Snnn.n G SR SBinary data (file type) (compression technique) (number of bytes) 10-11 Reserved for future use 12 G SR SStructured data following Text Element Identifier rules 13-99 Reserved for future use ISO/IEC TR 29162:2012(E) ISO/IEC 2012 All rights reserved 5Users should
45、refer to ISO/IEC 15434 for the use of information objects as defined in the EDI standard directories, GS1 AI directory (GS1 General Specification) or ANSI DI directory (ANS MH10.8.2). 6.2 System data elements for compatibility across all AIDC media As bar code technology began to proliferate in the
46、1980s, it became apparent that the need existed to encode more than simple product identity. Lot/batch and serial numbers, purchase order numbers, destination postal codes, country of origin and a unique license plate for the entity might all need to be encoded on a single label. Schemes in various
47、industries evolved until the cross-industry exchange of product forced standardization of tags, or prefixes, to identify the information encoded in the bar code. This gave rise to the standardization of Data Identifiers (DIs) and Application Identifiers (AIs), referred to as the semantics of an AIDC
48、 data structure, managed by ASC MH10 (DIs) and GS1 (AIs) as defined in ISO/IEC 15418. Over time, applications were developed for encoding the information on a shipping label into a single symbol, permitting the information to be read with a single scan. The ability to encode multiple data fields int
49、o a symbol created the requirement to know whether DIs or AIs were being read, where the various structures ended and others began, and when one would know that no more data followed. This gave rise to the standardization of data structures into messages, referred to as the syntax of an AIDC message, and was codified in ANS MH10.8.3 and later in ISO/IEC 15434. ISO/IEC 24729-1, Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Part 1: RFID-enabled labels provides a method for enod
