1、 Reference numberISO/PAS 16917:2002(E)ISO 2002PUBLICLY AVAILABLE SPECIFICATION ISO/PAS16917First edition2002-12-15Ships and marine technology Data transfer standard for maritime and intermodal transportation and security Navires et technologie maritime Norme de transfert de donnes pour le transport
2、maritime, le transport intermodal et la scurit ISO/PAS 16917:2002(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and install
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5、ase inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writin
6、g from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2002 All rights reservedISO/PAS 1691
7、7:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 0 Introduction . v 0.1 Background . v 0.2 Purpose of ISO 16917 vi 0.3 Description of ISO 16917. vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Terms and definitions. 2 3.1 General terms and abbreviations 2 3.2 Terms taken from ISO/IEC 11
8、179-1:1999 2 4 Data Dictionary (ISO/IEC 11179) 9 4.1 Purpose 9 4.2 Data Dictionary Standard . 9 5 Data modelling 9 5.1 General. 9 5.2 Data model for data dictionary 9 5.3 Data models for the application domain. 10 6 Linking Data Architecture 12 6.1 General. 12 6.2 Topic Map. 12 7 Data-Transfer Archi
9、tecture. 12 8 Data-Dictionary Development and Support 13 8.1 Data-Dictionary Development 13 8.2 Data-Dictionary Maintenance. 13 8.3 Data-Element Registration . 13 8.4 Place of Data Register 13 Annex A (informative) Further information related to background and purpose of ISO/IEC 11179 14 Annex B (in
10、formative) Data-transfer data model. 16 Bibliography . 18 ISO/PAS 16917:2002(E) iv ISO 2002 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards i
11、s normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take par
12、t in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to p
13、repare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when
14、 there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it
15、is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. A
16、n ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must eithe
17、r be transformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/PAS 16917 was prepared by Techni
18、cal Committee ISO/TC 8, Ships and marine technology, Subcommittee SC 10, Computer applications. ISO/PAS 16917:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved v0 Introduction 0.1 Background The need to exchange data in electronic form is recognized throughout industry and government. This need has been driven b
19、y specific business requirements and has resulted in the initiation of many data-transfer standards. The transportation industry is particularly dependent on the efficient exchange of information among the many participants. These data-transfer requirements cover both the transportation assets neede
20、d to perform the transportation as well as commercial information on the cargo transported. To that end, a number of parallel efforts are underway to promote data exchange by way of standards organizations, the United Nations and trade associations. The need to exchange data relative to cargo, ship,
21、 intermodal transport, and port security gives urgency to the establishment of an applicable data-transfer standard. Data-transfer standards and schema have been built around the models of specific business processes and have identified specific data sets requiring exchange. Many of these specific c
22、ommercial requirements were met by EDI data messages. The exchange of specific technical data for the building of ships is being addressed by STEP (ISO 13303) standards. These standards embed the data definitions in the software, limiting the flexibility for use in other applications. EDI and STEP r
23、equire the implementation of costly complex software. Both are primarily implemented by large organizations with their trading partners. Worldwide data exchange, including small to medium enterprises, will require low-cost, flexible, Internet-based data-transfer methods. The implementation of new me
24、thods will incorporate common data definitions across all systems and will not limit the continued use of EDI or STEP. New requirements include broad searches of business and security-related data and the ability to link a particular data item to many other data items located in diverse databases. C
25、learly, the ability to meet new business and government data-transfer needs will require some standard identification of the data elements. The Internet will play a crucial role in data exchange; however, the current primary limitation is a lack of common understanding on the meaning of the data. Th
26、erefore, data definitions relative to specific domains must be developed by industry groups with knowledge of the requirements. These Data Dictionary definitions, which may record other locations of the data, may then be linked to participating organizations databases. It does not require any organi
27、zation to change the format of their own data but allows them to map to the standard Data Dictionary definition to facilitate data exchange. Advancement in data-transfer technology results in changes in transfer documents and techniques. The separating out of the relatively stable data definitions f
28、rom the changing data-transfer technology will facilitate the implementation of the new technology. The data-exchange requirements may start with the building and operation of the equipment involved, from ships to container transport to port facilities. The commercial operation of the equipment requ
29、ires even larger amounts of data exchange, including cargo documentation and the operation of the transportation equipment and terminals. Governments require the exchange of information concerning the safety of personnel and the environment, as well as the rapid analysis of transportation data to id
30、entify potential security risks. Throughout the whole transportation process, the exchange of information is necessary among all the segments including building and operation of ships and equipment, building and operation of cargo containers and related equipment, building and operation of ports and
31、 terminals, tracking of cargo and containers (cargo visibility), exchange of commercial documents (shippers, brokers, carriers), ISO/PAS 16917:2002(E) vi ISO 2002 All rights reserved e-commerce in support of transportation (chartering, provisions, bunkers, services), monitoring ship and cargo moveme
32、nts, including security checks of cargo, ships, and personnel, and collection of customs duties and port dues. Each of these segments of the transportation process has developed data-exchange procedures to serve their own needs. Their systems were not designed to exchange data with external organiza
33、tions. Even when the same basic transfer technology was used, the data is recorded in a different manner. World events now require the ability to exchange data across all segments. This Publicly Available Specification addresses the basic requirements to accomplish this using current international s
34、tandards and without the need to change existing databases. 0.2 Purpose of ISO 16917 The purpose of this Publicly Available Specification is to facilitate the efficient transfer of data between various organizations involved with maritime and intermodal transportation and security. Transportation-se
35、curity information requires an even wider access to data including trucks, trains and air shipment. This Publicly Available Specification will provide a method of linking databases on a worldwide basis so that data may be exchanged from computer to computer without manual intervention or need to cha
36、nge the way the data is stored. This Publicly Available Specification does not propose to define the commercial or government documents used in international trade, as a number of standards under development address this requirement. This Publicly Available Specification defines data elements in cle
37、ar concise terms that can be used in multiple-data-transfer documents and to define the data elements in Data Dictionaries in a standardized way separate from the transfer documents. It will also define how the data dictionaries will be structured and maintained and how they may be used to link simi
38、lar data around the world. The data-transfer may apply to the data exchange in the normal course of maritime business for both commercial and military transportation or to the collection and exchange of data in the security process from many diverse databases around the world. The data search and tr
39、ansfer process should be efficient and low cost with access through the Internet, along with a method of linking databases with different data structures by mapping to common data elements located in data dictionaries. 0.3 Description of ISO 16917 ISO 16917 is a Publicly Available Specification for
40、the definition and structuring of meaningful data that is required to be readily exchanged in the maritime and intermodal transportation process. The meaning and structure of the data will be defined to a level that allows electronic exchange without the need for manual validation. The data elements
41、 will be defined in data dictionaries representing specific business domains. Data-transfer will be accomplished using some data-transfer messaging protocol (i.e. EDI, STEP/EXPRESS, XML). A Reference Data Library consisting of Data Dictionaries of metadata required in specific domains will be define
42、d. Reference linking will be provided between data defined in Domain Data Dictionaries. This Publicly Available Specification will include a common method of indexing, structuring, and linking the data using a data model for both the data dictionary and the business domain, and it will support the e
43、xchange of data for the life cycle of the transportation equipment and its commercial use. This Publicly Available Specification makes reference to ISO/IEC 11179 and uses this International Standard as the basis for the data dictionaries. This Publicly Available Specification describes four elements
44、: a) definition of the data in a standard form (Data Dictionaries), see Clause 4; b) modeling of the data for reference indexing and searching (e.g. XML modeling and Topic maps), see Clause 5 and 6; c) method of mapping data to other instances of the same data (e.g. Topic maps), see Clause 6; d) ele
45、ctronically transmitting the data between computer systems incorporating rapidly evolving XML and EDI standards and dialects, see Clause 7. PUBLICLY AVAILABLE SPECIFICATION ISO/PAS 16917:2002(E) ISO 2002 All rights reserved 1Ships and marine technology Data transfer standard for maritime and intermo
46、dal transportation and security 1 Scope This Publicly Available Specification specifies a representation of information associated with the surface (marine, highway, rail) transportation of cargo and personnel. It supports the following: definition of information required to be exchanged in the buil
47、ding and operation of transportation equipment throughout its life cycle (see Figure 1); definition of information required to be exchanged in the commercial operation of transportation equipment and the movement of cargo (see Figure 2). Figure 1 Transportation equipment life cycle Figure 2 Cargo tr
48、ansportation process This Publicly Available Specification identifies the information that may be exchanged in both the production and operation of the assets needed in the transportation process as well as the information needed in the commercial transportation process and the regulatory informatio
49、n relating to each. Asset procurement and operation, as well as commercial transactions, are needed to support international trade. Continuous exchange of information between the equipment operators and the commercial operators are part of the transportation process. The above diagrams show the various processes and stages involved with maritime and intermodal transportation requiring data exchange. This Publicly Available Specification is applicable to the implementation of databases and data warehouses that enable data sha
