1、TECHNICAL REPORT ISOITR 10314-I First edition 1990-12-15 Industrial automation - Shop floor production - Part 1: Reference model for standardization and a methodology for identification of requirements Automation industrielle - Production en atelier - Partie 1: Mod - type 2, when the subject is stil
2、l under technical development or where for any other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard; - type 3, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (
3、“state of the art”, for example). Technical Reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publica- tion, to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards. Technical Reports of type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are c
4、onsidered to be no longer valid or useful. ISO/TR lCl314-1, which is a Technical Report of type 3, was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Industrial automation systems and integration. This document is being published in the form of a Technical Report because it is not possible, in view of
5、the current state of the art of modelling for manufacturing, to draw up an International Standard which would be complete and precise, and which would not be too restrictive in this rapidly changing field. This Technical Report is intended as a guideline and will be reviewed and augmented periodical
6、ly. ISO/TR 10314 consists of the following parts, under the general title industrial auto- mation - Shop floor production : - Part 1: Reference model for standardization and a methodology for identifica- tion of requirements - Part 2: Application of the reference model for standardization and method
7、ology iii ISO/TR 10314-l : 1990 (E) Introduction This report is intended to provide a tool to help identify and co-ordinate present and future activities involving IS0 and IEC standards work in the field of industrial automation. Specifically, the Reference Model developed within the technical repor
8、t is to be applied to the area of Discrete Parts Manufacturing. For the purposes of this report the word “manufacturing” should hereafter be interpreted to mean Discrete Parts Manufacturing. While the Reference Model may have application beyond the area of Discrete Parts Manufacturing, the developer
9、s of the Reference Model have not tested the Reference Model in other areas of industrial automation activities. Since the model and the methodology will need to be refined so as to adjust to emerging technologies, a technical report rather than an international standard has been chosen as the means
10、 of presentation. This technical report does not include the development of individual standards themselves, but rather the establishment of a common framework, in terms of a Reference Model, to assist future standards development. The Reference Model for standardisation must be: . simply structured
11、, flexible, modular and generic, . based upon readily available and acceptable terminology, 0 able to be applied to a wide range of manufacturing operations and organisations, recognising the need to interface equipment and systems to human beings, 0 independent of any given, predetermined realisati
12、ons in terms of system configurations or implementations, ISO/TR 10314-l : 1990 (E) l open-ended in its ability to be extended, and in its ability to encompass new technologies without unreasonably invalidating current realisations 0 independent of existing technologies in manufacturing automation a
13、nd computer science. This Reference Model and its methodology are to be used to identify areas for standardisation and will benefit organisations involved in developing such manufacturing standards. It will also be of interest to the manufacturing community consisting of both suppliers and users, bu
14、t it is not intended to be a design for system integration of manufacturing. The report for the Reference Model for Shop Floor Production Standards is comprised of two parts. Part 1 describes the Reference Model and methodology for identification of possible standards requirements. It addresses the
15、following issues: a) b) d d) 4 a review of &sting models and modelling methodologies, the derivation of an initial, generic, standards classification scheme for manufacturing, the adoption of a functional view of a manufacturing enterprise, the establishment of an initial reference model according t
16、o the results of a) - c), the development of a methodology for extracting areas of standards. Part 2 describes the application of this Reference Model and methodology for extracting areas of standards. It addresses: i) the application of the methodology in order to derive a particular list of areas
17、for required standards, ii) the identification of areas for standards, iii) the derivation of standards requirements. The separate development of Part 2 may show that modifications are necessary to the highly interrelated Part 1. Normal IS0 procedures will address this issue. V ISO/TR 10314-l : 1990
18、 (E) This document is Part 1 and consists of this introduction and seven chapters. In Chapters 1, 2, and 3 respectively, the scope and the field of application, description of terms and abbreviations are described. The objectives of standardisation for manufacturing are described in Chapter 4. Chapt
19、er 5 contains the Reference Model. Chapter 6 introduces the methodology for applying the Reference Model to clarify and extract areas of standards and this methodology is further amplified in Part 2. Chapter 7 provides an overall summary of the document. TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 10314-l : 1990 (E) In
20、dustrial automation - Shop floor production - Part 1: Reference model for standardization and a methodology for identification of requirements 1 Scope and Field of Application 1.1 Scope This report presents and describes a means of identifying where new or revised manufacturing standards may be requ
21、ired. It establishes a Reference Model for Shop Floor Production, which is then used as the basis for developing a methodology for the identification and extraction of areas for standards. The assumptions used to develop the Reference Model are: . the field of interest is the manufacture of discrete
22、 parts and in particular the production (physical realisation) of these parts, 0 the Reference Model needs to be open-ended SO that it can be revised to incorporate new technologies, and 0 the Reference Model needs to be generic in nature so that it can be applied to a wide range of applications and
23、 is not directed to a particular organisational structure of manufacturing. It is emphasised that the Reference Model: . provides a conceptual framework for understanding manufacturing and 0 can be used to identify areas of standards necessary to integrate manufacturing systems. The Reference Model
24、does not however provide a methodology for designing, implementing, operating and maintaining any existing or future manufacturing automation system. There may be a need to develop ISO/TR 10314-l : 1990 (E) other Reference Models which can be used for those purposes, perhaps based on the work descri
25、bed in this report. The development of such models is beyond the scope of this technical report. 1.2 Field of Application The Reference Model described in this report is intended for use in the identification of standards within the Shop Floor Production area of manufacturing. Manufacturing is perce
26、ived to be all inclusive, from customer order through to delivery of the product. Twelve manufacturing functions have been identified as being a part of manufacturing. The following is a list of these twelve functions, together with illustrative, non-exhaustive activities typically related to these
27、functions: 1) Corporate management, e.g. l Direction of enterprise l Strategic planning l Feasibility study for investment l Risk management 2) Finance, e.g. l Financial planning l Corporate budgeting l Financial accounting 3) Marketing and sales, e.g. . Marketing research l Advertising l Sales fore
28、casting l Sales scheduling l Pricing . Sales (order, delivery, invoice) l Product service 4) Research and Development, e.g. l R&Dplanning l Basic research l Applied research . Product development l Manufacturing development ISO/TR 10314-l : 1990 (E) 5) Product design and Production engineering, e.g.
29、 l Define product specifications l Preliminary design and testing l Detailed design l Design analysis, test, evaluation l Revise design l Release design for production planning l Project management l Process planning l Programming of numerical control and programmable control l Tooling l Plant engin
30、eering l Bill of material l Quality assurance planning of production l Production configuration 6) Production management, e.g. l Production scheduling l Product and Inventory control l Production monitoring l General maintenance request . Quality control l Cost control and cost management 7) Procure
31、ment, e.g. l Vendor performance l Purchasing l Receiving l General stores 8) Shipping, e.g. l Product storage l Distribution 9) Waste material treatment, e.g. l Waste material processing l Waste material storage 3 ISO/TR 10314-l : 1990 (E) 10) Resource management, e.g. l Facility management l Tool c
32、ontrol l Energy management l Time and Attendance l Facility security l Health and Safety l Environment control 11) Maintenance management, e.g. l Preventive maintenance . Corrective maintenance 12) Shop Floor Production, e.g. l Material store l Transport material l Transform material l Incoming insp
33、ection l In-process gauging and testing l In-process audit l Product audit As shown in Figure 1 and described in the definitions which follow in Section 2.2, these functions tend to be grouped under three main headings. Items 1) through to 4) are functions of the Enterprise concerned with strategic
34、long term planning activities. Items 5) through to 11) are functions of the Facility, concerned with tactical planning of the production process, resource management and product modelling. The final item, 12) Shop Floor Production, is a function which involves the activities that actually create a p
35、hysical product. The twelve manufacturing functions are interrelated and a single Reference Model covering all twelve functions would be desirable. After careful study of erdsting work, it was decided that the development of a single Reference Model covering every function of manufacturing was not m
36、anageable at this time. The area of Shop Floor Production on the other hand has shown an urgent need for and a willingness to adopt standards. The Reference Model described in this technical report is intended to guide the planning for and the development of standards to assist the integration of an
37、 automated Shop Floor Production system. It is recognised that the Shop Floor Production function will be required to interface with 4 ISO/TR 10314-l : 1990 (El functions (and their activities) outside the scope of Shop Floor Production itself. Figure 2 is a clarification of how major functions of m
38、anufacturing might be interrelated. In the future, Reference Models for manufacturing that include Enterprise and Facility functions may be developed. Any future modelling work in the area of manufacturing should take account of the Reference Model for Shop Floor Production presented here and every
39、effort should be made to ensure compatibility between the Reference Model for Shop Floor Production and any Facility or Enterprise Reference Models that may be developed. 2 Terminology 2.1 General A number of terms are described in this chapter to provide a better understanding by the user of this r
40、eport. These descriptions are intended to be used solely in the context of this report and are not intended to be general definitions. 2.2 Specific terms 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 Reference Model: a means of describing the activities and components of manufacturing through the use of figure(s) a
41、nd text. Discrete Parts Manufacturing: systems of functions for producing products or parts consisting of discrete elements. Function: a grouping of several activities performed to realise some manufticturing objective. Activity: a manufacturing process which causes some change in inputs. Level: a c
42、ollection of activities which form a degree of subordination in a hierarchical arrangement. 5 ISO/TR 10314-l : 1990 (E) 2.2.6 2.2.7 2.2.8 2.2.9 2.2.10 2.2.11 Enterprise: an entire manufacturing unit consisting of a corporate component and one or more Facility components. The corporate component is r
43、esponsible for interactions between the external environment of the Enterprise and the Facility or Facilities, and also for the control of functions withi the Facility or Facilities. Facility: a component of an Enterprise which excludes corporate functions. The Facility is responsible for providing
44、support and direction for Enterprise and Shop Floor Production activities. Shop Floor Production: a component of a Facility whose function is directly related to the production of discrete parts and/ or products. Shop Floor Production Model: the basic model used to describe the structure within Shop
45、 Floor Production. Interaction: an interrelationship or interconnection between the Subjects within Shop Floor Production, and also between the Subjects and Actions within or external to Shop Floor Production. Generic Activity Model: a generic model used to describe the execution of activities within Shop Floor Production and their interactions with functions interfacing to Shop Floor Production. 3 Abbreviations Several abbreviations are used in this report: l GAM Generic Activity Model l SFPM Shop Floor Production Model l ST Store l TF Transform l TP Transport l VE Verify .n
