1、TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 10314-2 First edition 1991-06-01 Industrial automation - Shop floor production - Part 2: Application of the reference model for standardization and methodology Automation industriele - Production en atelier - Partie 2: Application du mod - type 2, when the subject is still un
2、der technical development or where for any other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard - type 3, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“stat
3、e of the art”), for example . Technical Reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of publication, to decide whether they can be transformed Into International Standards. Technical Reports of type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they provide are conside
4、red to be no longer valid or useful. ISO/TR 10314-2, which is a Technical Report of type 3, was prepared by Technical Committee ISOfIC 184, Industrial automation systems and integration. This document is being published in the form of a Technical Report because it is not possible, in view of the cur
5、rent state of the art of modelling for manufacturing, to draw up an International Standard which would be complete and precise, and which would not be too restrictive in this rapidly changing field. This Technical Report is intended as a guideline and will be reviewed and augmented periodically, ISO
6、/TR 103 14 consists of the following parts under the general title Industrial automation- Shop floor production: -Part 1: Reference model for standardization and a methodology for identification of requirements -Part 2: Application of the reference model for standardization and methodology . 111 ISO
7、/TR 10314-2 : 1991 (E) 0 INTRODUCTION Technical Report 10314 - Reference Model for Shop Floor Production Standards has been issued as two parts. Part 1 of TR 10314 (hereinafter referred to as “Part 1”) describes “A Reference Model for Standardization and a Methodology for Identification of Standards
8、 Requirements” for industrial automation. The enclosed Part 2 deals with the “Application of the Reference Model and Methodology” to the general area of industrial automation shop floor production standards. Additional parts of TR 10314 may be developed to further focus the model and methodology des
9、cribed in Part 1 to specific areas of technology or application. The need for additional parts to TR 103 14 has yet to be determined. The goal of Part 2 of TR 10314 is to identify potential areas for shop floor production industrial automation standards. Part 2 of TR 10314 consists of this introduct
10、ion and six chapters. Chapter 1 defines the Scope of this project and it is similar to that provided in Part 1. Chapter 2 discusses in detail the matrix concept presented in Part 1, and presents the classifications and criteria used to provide the headings for the rows and columns of the matrices. T
11、he procedures used to identify the individual boxes within a matrix are also presented. A more detailed guide to using these procedures is provided in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 uses the reference model and the methodology to identify areas of standardization. Finally, Chapter 5 is a review of the recomme
12、ndations that were derived during this exercise of the reference model. It should be noted that the Reference Model defined in Part 1 of TR 10314 can be used to identify potential areas of standardization, and also as a cataloging system to compile standards that apply to a given area. This document
13、 exercises the reference model to identify and catalog industrial automation standards at the level of international standards. Via this exercise, the overlap between potential areas of standardization, and existing standards and/or standards projects could be analyzed. What the model can not provid
14、e is a mechanism to assign priorities to potential areas of standardization. Priorities, in terms of the need for international standards, are dependent upon many factors including: perceived need, resources available, and alternative solutions. A number of ranking systems exist to quantify these, a
15、nd other factors, to develop a prioritisation of potential standard work. The Working Group developing the Reference Model felt that the prioritisation of projects is best left to the member bodies of ISO. National bodies and other international organisations may wish to use this model to catalog th
16、eir existing industrial automation standards and standards projects. Via this exercise, they may obtain direction with respect to areas where national standards may be used as the basis for IS0 or IEC new work items. In addition, they will be able to identify areas of work that are not covered by ei
17、ther national or international projects. These “gaps” may be ideal areas to focus new standards projects. As indicated, the results of this work identify potential areas of standardization, and provide a means to catalog existing standards and standards projects. The model does not provide a means t
18、o design industrial automation systems, and it does not indicate whether the standards within a given area are sufficient for all areas of application. The design of a system, and the adequacy of a standard, or a set of standards, are application specific and can not be dealt with at this time with
19、a general modelling construct. iV TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 10314-2 : 1991 (E) Industrial automation - Shop floor production - Part 2: Application of the reference model for standardization and methodology 1 SCOPE This report presents and describes a means of identifying where new or revised manufactu
20、ring standards may be required. It establishes a Reference Model for Shop Floor Production, which is then used as the basis for developing a methodology for the identification and extraction of areas for standards. The assumptions used to develop the Reference Model are: . the field of interest is t
21、he manufacture of discrete parts and in particular the production (physical realisation) of these parts, . the Reference Model needs to be open-ended so that it can be revised to incorporate new technologies, and . the Reference Model needs to be generic in nature so that it can be applied to a wide
22、 range of applications and is not directed to a particular organisational structure of manufacturing. It is emphasised that the Reference Model: l provides a conceptual framework for understanding discrete parts manufacturing and . can be used to identify areas of standards necessary to integrate ma
23、nufacturing systems. The Reference Model does not however provide a methodology for designing, implementing, operating and maintaining any existing or future manufacturing automation system. There may be a need to develop other Reference Models which can be used for those purposes, perhaps based on
24、the work described in this report. The development of such models is beyond the scope of this technical report. ISO/TR 10314-2 : 1991 (E) 2 METHODOLOGY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF AREAS OF STANDARDS Procedures for using the reference model, a methodology, are needed for a guide on how to use the reference
25、 model, how to identify areas for standardization and subsequently how to derive areas of standards requirements. These procedures are described in detail in the “Reference Model for Manufacturing Standards, Part l”, and are summarised below. 2.1 AN OVERVIEW OF THE REFERENCE MODEL Discrete Parts Man
26、ufacturing has been represented by twelve major functions. These are: 1. Corporate Management 2. Finance 3. Marketing tools and fixtures; data processing and communication systems; software; basic resources such as supply material, energy, space and time; and personnel. The four actions are: a b) c
27、4 Transform: The act of changing control information, data, material or resources from one form to another form, or one state to another state. Transform includes encoding or parsing information, decomposing commands, and cutting, fomling, assembling, or adjusting material or resources. Transport: T
28、he act of moving control information, data, material, or resources from one point in the enterprise to another. Verify: The act of assessing the compliance of all transformed control information, data, material and resources to determine their conformance to a specification. Store: The act of retain
29、ing control information, data, material or resources at a specified location within Shop Floor Production until they are required to be transported. ISO/TR 10314-2 : 1991 (E) Information * Resources Material * Information * b Resources Material * TP, TF, VE, ST Information * I, Resources L, informat
30、ion * Resources * Actions TP, TF, VE, ST on Material are defined only at Level 1 TP = Transport TF = Transform VE = Verify ST = Store * * Information is defined in the text to include both control and data components. For strict hierarchies, horizontal Information flows are restricted to data compon
31、ents Figure 2 - Generic Activity Model (GAM) ISO/TR 10314-2 : 1991 (E) 2.2 PROCEDURES As described above, the environment of the Shop Floor Production Model is represented by eleven context functions. The activities on each level can be represented by specific activity models corresponding to instan
32、ces of the Generic Activity Model at the four levels of the SFPM. Two types of procedures, A and B, have been developed to be applied to the Shop Floor Production Model and the Generic Activity Model in order to identify areas of standards requirements. Procedures of type A deal with interactions of
33、 subjects and actions within one GAM on a specific level. Procedures of type B deal with interactions between the SFPM and its context functions, as well as with interactions between two GAMs located at adjacent levels of the SFPM. Note that the subject “material” is defined only at level 1 of the S
34、FPM. Procedures A: the “Interrelationship within a level” procedures These procedures are used for extracting areas of standards for interrelationship between Subject and Action, Subject and Subject, and Action and Action corresponding to each level of the SFPM. For each activity, these procedures s
35、hould be applied to extract areas where standards may apply * Procedure Al: Subject-Action interrelationship For each activity in each level of the SFPM, consider any possible Subject-Action interrelationship for applicable areas of standards. Procedure A2: Subject interrelationship For each activit
36、y in each level of the SFPM, consider any possible Subject-Subject interrelationship for applicable areas of standards. Procedure A3: Action interrelationship For each activity in each level of the SFPM, consider any possible Action-Action interrelationship for applicable areas of standards. Procedu
37、res B: the “External” procedures These procedures are used for extracting areas of standards for interrelationship between activities of the subjects of Shop Floor Production and its manufacturing context in both a vertical (between levels) and contextual (horizontal, on the same level) structure. For each activity these procedures should be applied to extract areas where standards may apply *
