1、 Reference numberISO/TR 16044:2004(E)ISO 2004TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR16044First edition2004-06-01Graphic technology Database architecture model and control parameter coding for process control and workflow (Database AMPAC) Technologie graphique Codage du modle darchitecture de base de donnes et des p
2、aramtres de commande pour le contrle du procd et le droulement des oprations (Database AMPAC) Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO/TR 16044:2004(E) PDF
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6、ll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country
7、 of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2004 All rights reservedCopyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under lice
8、nse with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO/TR 16044:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Database architecture and coding rules. 2 4.1 Layered s
9、tructure for the architecture model 2 4.2 Definition of parameter code and coded parameter list . 3 5 Limitation on usage of the parameter list. 5 Annex A (informative) Example usage of parameters code in a description format. 6 Annex B (informative) Examples of a Database AMPAC common dictionary .
10、11 Annex C (informative) Defining the unit of a parameter Example 1 13 Annex D (informative) Defining the unit of a parameter Example 2 14 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without l
11、icense from IHS-,-,-ISO/TR 16044:2004(E) iv ISO 2004 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO tech
12、nical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
13、 with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft I
14、nternational Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected data of a
15、 different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to be revie
16、wed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR 16044 was prepa
17、red by Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ISO/TR 16044:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved vIntroduct
18、ion The purpose of this Technical Report is to prepare a database architecture model and control parameter coding that can be widely applied to design, process control and workflow management in manufacturing processes focused on the graphic arts printing industry. The proposed architecture model an
19、d parameter list with appropriate units and values will enable the exchange of information on a global scale that can be accessed freely using world wide distributed database approaches and can also be used effectively as part of process control techniques. Such enhancement of information exchange o
20、ffers the potential for significant cost reductions and/or efficiency improvements. In the proposed architecture, all of the parameters impacting a manufacturing system are classified by using a layer structure. The upper two layers categorize the systems and system elements and set the structure fo
21、r the process. The following layers characterize the details of the parameters used in the system. For using the defined parameters effectively in the graphic arts industry, an example of a data coding method is shown in Annex A. These may include standard formats that describe a variable and both t
22、he technical and functional relevancy to it of other parameters in the database; requirements for describing a subset where a group of parameters are combined to give technical information; any requirements relating to access and disclosure of a specific information item. Such an architecture allows
23、 a well-defined complete set of unified parameters and thereby minimizes the difficulties that frequently occur because of the mismatch and misunderstanding about the parameters among different fields, different vendors and different countries. Using such an approach, each industrial field involving
24、 multiple participants can create an appropriate database that has a unified and exchangeable coded term, and communicates through a unified information transport system like the Internet. In use in the graphic arts example, this architecture would tie the client, designer, material supplier, prepri
25、nting, print shop, prepress operators, printing and post-printing machine operators, machine manufactures and machine maintenance supporters together into a common communication database, making it much easier to connect one production facility and system to another, and to exchange and share knowle
26、dge about process operation and material usage between participants. Based on a unified code and composition, the necessary databases can be generated independently in distributed computer files, even in different companies and yet function together in an open printing production system. It is envis
27、ioned that there would be two lines of communication in AMPAC. One consists of control parameters used as an intelligent database open to all clients, printing manufactures and vendors in the world. The other would restrict information to specific users as is commonly done on Internet websites. Indi
28、vidual users could generate AMPAC-based databases at their sites for diverse applications including transmitting any material, machine and machine-element specifications to vendors, customers or other manufacturers; automatic process specification and workflow selection based on customer requirement
29、s for adapting to equipment and materials; search for common relationships among parameters such as the effect of temperature on the process; Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted withou
30、t license from IHS-,-,-ISO/TR 16044:2004(E) vi ISO 2004 All rights reserved constructing simulated systems for process design and testing; troubleshooting using related parameters; maintaining compatibility of machines and systems. Since the architecture and database model proposed in this Technical
31、 Report have the potential to create high level intellectual databases, they can be easily joined with the Commerce at Light Speed (CALS) and Intelligent Manufacturing System (IMS) concepts. The development of a Technical Report of this type can also contribute to the establishment of other standard
32、s such as standardized workflow-management systems and/or digital network-production systems. Four data files are associated with this Technical Report: AMPAC_Parameter_list.csv, which provides a lookup table for obtaining the code corresponding to the alphabet name of a parameter; DatabaseAMPAC_PT.
33、txt, which joins all named parameters to parameter codes; DatabaseAMPAC_VE.txt, which provides a list of available values for non-physical parameters; and DatabaseAMPAC_DE.txt, which provides the corresponding SI-base unit with a named unit. Copyright International Organization for Standardization R
34、eproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 16044:2004(E) ISO 2004 All rights reserved 1Graphic technology Database architecture model and control parameter coding for process control and workflow
35、(Database AMPAC) 1 Scope This Technical Report specifies a basic standard architecture model and parameters used in a database for printing-process control and workflow description. It defines how all of the parameters impacting a manufacturing system are classified by using a layer structure. The u
36、pper two layers categorize the systems and system elements and set the structure for the process. The following third and fourth layers characterize all details of the parameters used in the printing system, including standard coding rules. 2 References The following referenced documents are indispe
37、nsable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1000:1992, SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other
38、 units ISO/IEC 646, Information technology ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interexchange 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 ASCII graphic character codes as defined in ISO/IEC 646 3.2 parameter variable that specifi
39、es the state of an object NOTE Two types of parameter are used in this Technical Report. One is the physical parameter, and the other is the non-physical parameter. The physical parameter is a variable that has a numeric value following its physical dimension given in SI units. The non-physical para
40、meter is also a variable, but this one specifies the state of the object by using a non-numeric value that is assigned from a term or symbol list. 3.3 related parameter another parameter that directly or indirectly affects the use of a required parameter 3.4 subset set of parameters, selected from t
41、he Database AMPAC parameter list, to explain an object EXAMPLE Objects may be machines, machine elements, materials or even concepts. Copyright International Organization for Standardization Reproduced by IHS under license with ISO Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licens
42、e from IHS-,-,-ISO/TR 16044:2004(E) 2 ISO 2004 All rights reserved3.5 workflow organizational scheme that gives the time schedules and relationships of all factors (operations, materials, process control elements and locations) in the process 4 Database architecture and coding rules 4.1 Layered stru
43、cture for the architecture model The architecture model shall contain all relevant process parameters such as the parameters relating to design specification, manufacturing process control measurements, material characteristics and specifications for machine and machine elements. These parameters sh
44、all be organized in a layered structure with four levels for classification (see Figure 1). Each classification level shall be internally consistent with the broadest categories of the process workflow in the first level and increasing detail and specifics concerning the manufacturing process, mater
45、ials and related parameters in levels two to four. The parameter shall appear in the 4th layer, and shall have a clear physical meaning and/or SI unit as defined in ISO 1000. The values for a given parameter, listed in level four, or a function name (pointer) for getting the value of the parameter m
46、ay be described by using the methods as shown in Annex A. The relationship of other parameters to that parameter can also be described. They give perspective to the function and are used to obtain the calculated resultant value of the parameter in the 4th the layer. Any type of algorithm can be sele
47、cted in this way, such as a numeric value, table, analytic function or membership function, since the description is only a pointer which points to the file location of the algorithm. The combination of appropriate parameters defines a process that is a subset of the whole system (see Annex B). A fa
48、ctory or machine element may be a subset. In some cases, the parameter set used for describing a product may also be a subset, extracted from the parameter set contained in this architecture model. Subsets may be constructed in all cases by using the basic architecture and parameters described here
49、in order that subsets can be easily combined. To start and operate a production process, the value of all parameters in this subset shall be previously set or defined. A part of the production process may also be used as a subset, as long as the architecture and all relevant parameters are included. Each conceptual element and parameter in each layer shall have a correspondin
