1、 ISO 2015 Acoustics Software for the calculation of sound outdoors Part 3: Recommendations for quality assured implementation of ISO 9613-2 in software according to ISO 17534-1 Acoustique Logiciels de prvision de bruit dans lenvironnement PartieParte 3: Recommandations pour lassurance qualit mise en
2、 oeuvre de la norme ISO 9613-2 dans le logiciel selon ISO 17534-1 TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17534-3 Reference number ISO/TR 17534-3:2015(E) First edition 2015-01-15 ISO/TR 17534-3:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specifi
3、ed, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs
4、 member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ISO/TR 17534-3:2015(E)Contents Page Foreword v Introduction vi 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative re
5、ferences 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Identification of the official documentation 1 5 Additional recommendations . 1 5.1 General . 1 5.2 Screening 2 5.3 Limitation of the maximal possible attenuation by barriers 4 5.4 Calculation of the path-length difference, z . 4 5.5 Diffraction with barrier
6、 on reflecting ground 4 5.6 No level increase caused by barriers due to lateral diffraction 4 5.7 No ground effect calculated with rays laterally diffracted 5 5.8 No lateral diffraction with elevated ground screening the direct ray 5 5.9 Multi-reflection .the extension to reflections of higher order
7、s 5 6 Test cases 6 6.1 General . 6 6.2 Test cases with step by step results and final result interval 6 6.2.1 T01-T03 Flat ground with homogeneous acoustic properties 6 6.2.2 T01 .Reflecting ground (G = 0) 7 6.2.3 T02 .Mixed ground (G = 0,5) . 8 6.2.4 T03 .Porous ground (G = 1) 9 6.2.5 T04 .Flat gro
8、und with spatially varying acoustic properties 9 6.2.6 T05 .Identical to T04, but calculation with the alternative method according to ISO 9613-2:1996, 7.3.2 11 6.2.7 T06 .Ground with spatially varying heights and acoustic properties .12 6.2.8 T07 .Identical to T06, but calculation with the alternat
9、ive method according to ISO 9613-2:1996, 7.3.2 15 6.2.9 T08 .Flat ground with spatially varying acoustic properties and long barrier 16 6.2.10 T09 .Flat ground with spatially varying acoustic properties and short barrier 19 6.2.11 T10 .Ground with spatially varying heights and acoustic properties an
10、d short barrier .22 6.2.12 T11 .Flat ground with homogeneous acoustic properties and cubic building .receiver at low height 24 6.2.13 T12 .Flat ground with homogeneous acoustic properties and cubic building .receiver at large height.28 6.2.14 T13 . ISO 2015 All rights reserved iii ISO/TR 17534-3:201
11、5(E)Flat ground with homogeneous acoustic properties and polygonal building receiver at low height 31 6.2.15 T14 .Ground with spatially varying heights and acoustic properties and polygonal building .34 6.2.16 T15 .Flat ground with homogeneous acoustic properties and polygonal building receiver at l
12、arge height.37 6.2.17 T16 .Flat ground with homogeneous acoustic properties and three buildings .39 6.2.18 T17 .Flat ground with homogeneous acoustic properties and three buildings .alternative position of source and receiver 43 6.2.19 T18 .Flat ground with homogeneous acoustic properties and comple
13、x building with backyard 46 6.2.20 T19 .Ground with spatially varying heights and acoustic properties and reflecting barrier . 50 7 Declaration of conformity (DOC) 52 Bibliography .56 iv ISO 2015 All rights reserved ISO/TR 17534-3:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardizat
14、ion) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be r
15、epresented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to
16、develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
17、 ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified dur
18、ing the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an explanation on the m
19、eaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC
20、43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise. ISO 17534 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics Software for the calculation of sound outdoors: Part 1: Quality requirements and quality assurance Part 2: General recommendations for test cases and quality assurance interface Tech
21、nical report Part 3: Recommendations for quality ensured implementation of ISO 9613-2 in software according to ISO 17534-1 Technical report ISO 2015 All rights reserved v ISO/TR 17534-3:2015(E) Introduction The general structure of the ISO 17534 series and the various Technical Reports are shown in
22、Figure 1. The International Standard itself describes the measures necessary to ensure a high quality of calculation methods implemented in different software products with respect to correctness and precision. The requirements and specifications included are obviously independent from a specific ca
23、lculation method, because they should be applied for all of them. This Technical Report contains additional recommendations, test cases of both types according to ISO 17534-1:, A.2 and A.3, and the forms to declare conformity by software manufacturers related to the quality ensured implementation of
24、 the calculation method ISO 9613-2. The test cases are based on the set of test cases and input parameters documented in Reference 1. This Technical Report is a first step. Contents will be supplemented step by step and or even withdrawn if a standardization committee responsible for this specific c
25、alculation method decides about an alternative formulation that is in agreement with the requirements of ISO 17534. ISO 17534-1 ISO/TR 17534-2 F 5 M-p Q ISO/TR 17534-3 R p SO96 - g SO 75- ISO/TR 17534-X R p XXX g SO 75- ISO 17534 series Figure 1 Structure of ISO 17534 series consisting of the main P
26、art 1 and subordinated Technical Reportsvi ISO 2015 All rights reserved Acoustics Software for the calculation of sound outdoors Part 3: Recommendations for quality assured implementation of ISO 9613-2 in software according to ISO 17534-1 1 Scope This Technical Report contains additional recommendat
27、ions for the calculation method of ISO 9613-2 that are agreed on to be implemented in software quality ensured test cases with detailed results that allow checking the correct implementation and forms to declare conformity with these requirements by a specified software product. 2 Normative referenc
28、es The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO
29、9613-2:1996, Acoustics Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors Part 2: General method of calculation ISO 17534-1:, Acoustics Software for the calculation of sound outdoors Part 1: Quality requirements and quality assurance ISO/TR 17534-2, Acoustics Software for the calculation of sound outd
30、oors Part 2: General recommendations for test cases and quality assurance interface 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 9613-2, ISO 17534-1, and ISO/TR 17534-2 apply. 4 Identifi cation of th e official documentat ion ISO 9613-2:1996, A
31、coustics Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors Part 2: General method of calculation. NOTE ISO 9613-2 describes a method for calculating the attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors in order to predict the levels of environmental noise at a distance from a variety of sources. The
32、method predicts the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (as described in ISO 1996) under meteorological conditions. 5 Additional recommendations 5.1 General The calculation of sound propagation with the engineering method specified in ISO 9613-2 is an approximation where the sound
33、wave propagating over a structured terrain with any complexity is replaced by some few ray paths. In many cases, there are more alternatives to define these paths and for each of these alternatives examples can be constructed where the method fails. It is important to keep TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 17
34、534-3:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1 ISO/TR 17534-3:2015(E) the method as transparent as possible to be able to avoid the resulting traps in modelling. Therefore, the additional rules defined herein are kept to a minimum, to ensure a common interpretation of ISO 9613-2 to reduce uncertainty
35、in the calculations. These rules are based on experience with various software implementations, and have been agreed upon to maintain consistency in results. The obviousness of additional recommendations is explained in the following by introductory notes in 5.2 up to 5.9. Furthermore, each of these
36、 additional recommendations is classified. A: Agreed solution for a problem incompletely or even not addressed in ISO 9613-2:1996 B: Better and consistent solution for a problem inconsistently or unsatisfactorily treated in ISO 9613-2:1996 C: Common interpretation of an unclear content of ISO 9613-2
37、:1996. 5.2 Screening NOTE The calculation of screening (A bar ), as described in ISO 9613-2, takes into account diffraction over the top edge(s) and lateral diffraction around the vertical edge(s). The calculation is based on the difference of the path length of the ray over or around the barrier ed
38、ges and the shortest distance sourcereceiver neglecting the blocking objects (direct ray). The ray over the upper edge can be constructed as the shortest possible polygon line source edge receiver in a vertical plane containing source and receiver similar to a rubber band connecting these two points
39、. In the same way, the rays around the two vertical edges can be constructed as the shortest polygon lines around these edges in a further plane perpendicular to the vertical plane and also containing source and receiver positions. This construction of the relevant ray paths in two perpendicular pla
40、nes is equivalent to Formula (16) in ISO 9613-2, in the case of a right angle between the line source receiver and the screen. However, according to ISO 9613-2:1996, the calculation of the path-length difference z over the upper edge(s) shall generally and with any orientation of the line source rec
41、eiver relative to the screen be performed with ISO 9613-2:1996, Formula (16) for single diffraction and ISO 9613-2:1996, Formula (17) for double diffraction, where a component distance “a” parallel to the barrier edge between source and receiver is one of the input parameters. But with double diffra
42、ction, the method fails and is even not applicable in general cases where the two diffracting edges are not parallel, because a single component distance parallel to the barrier edge between source and receiver cannot be defined. For more diffracting edges, the two most effective barriers are taken
43、to reduce the problem to the case of double diffraction; therefore, the general case of more than two diffractions is also not applicable. However, the described rubber band construction of the relevant ray paths in two planes identical with the method of ISO 9613-2, in case of a single diffraction
44、and with a right angle between the line source - receiver and the screen, can consistently be extended to the most general case of any number and orientation of diffracting edges. This is the recommended alternative method to overcome the described problem as long as it is not solved generally in a
45、revised version of ISO 9613-2. Lateral diffraction for more than one screening object blocking the direct ray source receiver is not explicitly mentioned in ISO 9613-2. The recommended method to solve this frequently occurring problem is a consistent extension of the lateral diffraction with one bar
46、rier as long as it is not solved generally in a revised version of ISO 9613-2. If acoustically impervious objects like barriers or buildings are blocking the direct straight line from source to receiver, three contributing ray paths should be taken into account in the most general case; one over top
47、 and two laterally diffracted around the objects. The ray over top is constructed in a vertical plane EV, the lateral diffracted rays in a plane EL. Both planes contain source and receiver, plane EV is perpendicular to the reference plane x-y and plane EL is perpendicular to plane EV. The ray path i
48、n plane EV connects source and receiver like a ribbon enveloping the diffracting edges as shown in Figure 2. It is obvious that in plane EL, the two ray paths transmitting most sound energy to the receiver should be taken into account. In many cases, these are the shortest possible ray paths left and right from the direct path S-R. Figure 3 shows such a clear example without ambiguity. H
