1、 Reference number ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) ISO 2003TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 18876-2 First edition 2003-11-01 Industrial automation systems and integration Integration of industrial data for exchange, access and sharing Part 2: Integration and mapping methodology Systmes dautomatisation industrie
2、lle et intgration Intgration des donnes industrielles pour lchange, laccs et le partage Partie 2: Mthodologie dintgration et de mapping ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed b
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7、o.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2003 All rights reserved ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviations . 2 3.1 Terms and definitions 2 3.2 Abbreviations 6 4 Usage scenarios . 6 4.1 Integrating application model
8、s 6 4.2 Integrating application models with an integration model 7 4.3 Defining an application model and its mapping to an integration model 9 4.4 Integrating an application model with two or more integration models 10 4.5 Improving an integration model 11 5 Methods for integrating application model
9、s 12 5.1 Analysis of the requirements. 13 5.1.1 Pre-conditions. 13 5.1.2 Method description . 13 5.1.3 Post-conditions . 15 5.2 Defining and extending the integration model 15 5.2.1 Pre-conditions. 16 5.2.2 Method description . 16 5.2.3 Post-conditions . 18 5.3 Identifying a subset of the integratio
10、n model 19 5.4 Mapping between the application model and the identified integration model subset 19 5.4.1 Pre-conditions. 20 5.4.2 Method description . 21 5.4.3 Post-conditions . 22 Annex A (normative) Information object registration. 23 Annex B (informative) Description of the integration process 2
11、4 Annex C (informative) Checklist for integration and mapping processes. 32 Annex D (informative) Technical discussions 38 Bibliography. 41 Index. 43 Figures Figure 1 Creating an integration model that integrates two application models . 7 Figure 2 Integrating an application model with an existing i
12、ntegration model . 8 Figure 3 Creating an application model and its mapping to an integration model 9 Figure 4 Integrating an application model with more than one integration model 10 Figure 5 Improving an integration model 11 Figure 6 Alternative mappings to an improved integration model 12 Figure
13、7 Analysis of application model. 14 Figure 8 Creating a new integration model . 17 Figure 9 Extending the integration model . 17 Figure 10 Identifying a subset of the integration model 19 Figure 11 Mapping between the application model and the integration model subset 21 Figure B-1 Integrate applica
14、tion model (A-0). 24 ISO 2003 All rights reserved iii ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) Figure B-2 Integrate application model (A0) 26 Figure B-3 Analyze requirements (A1) . 27 Figure B-4 Create/extend integration model (A2). 29 Figure B-5 Map application model to integration model subset (A4).30 Figure D-1 Re
15、lationship between a model and its subject. 38 iv ISO 2003 All rights reserved ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normall
16、y carried out through ISO tech- nical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been estab- lished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non- governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in
17、 the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepa
18、re International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Interna- tional Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In other circumstances, particularly when t
19、here is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of normative document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is
20、 approved by more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote. An
21、ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a fur- ther three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is con- firmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must eit
22、her be transformed into an Inter- national Standard or be withdrawn. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TS 18876-2 was prepared by T
23、echnical Committee ISO/TC 184, Industrial automation systems and i gration, Subcommittee SC 4, Industrial data. nte- This Technical Specification is organized as a series of parts, each published separately. The structure of this Technical Specification is described in ISO/TS 18876-1. ISO 2003 All r
24、ights reserved v ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) 0 Introduction 0.1 Overview of ISO 18876 This Technical Specification establishes an architecture, a methodology, and other specifications for integrating industrial data for exchange, access and sharing. It supports: data sharing and data integration; specifi
25、cation of mappings between models; data transformation. ISO/TS 18876-1 provides an overview of the architecture and methodology of this Technical Specification. 0.2 Organization of this part of ISO 18876 The organization of this part of ISO 18876 is as follows: clause 1 specifies the scope and field
26、 of application of this part of ISO 18876; clause 2 identifies additional standards that, through references in this part of ISO 18876, constitute provi- sions of this part of ISO 18876; clause 3 defines terms used in this part of ISO 18876; clause 4 describes a number of usage scenarios for the app
27、lication of the methods defined in this part of ISO 18876; clause 5 specifies the methods for integrating application models, and is supported by a detailed activity model presented in Annex B. The methods specified in clause 5 are independent of modelling languages, mapping languages, and particula
28、r integration models. Annex C provides a checklist that can be used to ensure that all required stages in the inte- gration and mapping process have been followed. 0.3 Target Audiences The target audience for this document is modellers, analysts, systems integrators, and systems developers with a ne
29、ed to integrate application models across a range of systems and/or enterprise functions. The target audience for the introduction to this document is technical managers responsible for integration projects with a need to assess the applicability of this standard. 0.4 Conventions This part of ISO 18
30、876 includes provisions that indicate requirements strictly to be followed in order to con- form to the standard. Such provisions are indicated through the use of the words “shall” and “shall not”. This part of ISO 18876 also includes provisions that indicate that among several possibilities one is
31、recommended as particularly suitable. Such provisions are indicated through the use of the words “should” and “should not”. Additional material that illustrates the provisions of this part of ISO 18876 is presented in the form of notes, examples, and in the informative annexes B, C, and D. vi ISO 20
32、03 All rights reserved TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) Industrial automation systems and integration Integration of industrial data for exchange, access and sharing Part 2: Integration and mapping methodology 1 Scope This Technical Specification establishes an architecture, a methodol
33、ogy, and other specifications for integrating industrial data for exchange, access and sharing. Together these support the following activities: integrating data which may be: from different sources or with different model contexts, described by different models, or defined in different modelling la
34、nguages; sharing data among applications through systems integration architectures; resolving conflict between models developed with different objectives; translating data between different encodings; translating models between different modelling languages. This part of ISO 18876 specifies methods
35、for the following: creating and extending integration models; evaluating and selecting an integration model that can integrate two or more application models; creating an application model that is a constrained subset of an integration model to support particular ap- plication domain requirements fo
36、r exchange, sharing, or both; creating a mapping specification between an application model and an integration model. The following are within the scope of this part of ISO 18876: modelling language independent methods for creating and extending an integration model; methods for integrating an appli
37、cation model with an integration model; mapping language independent methods for mapping an application model to an integration model; criteria for the selecting modelling languages and mapping languages that can be used within the specified methods for integration and mapping. The following are out
38、side the scope of this part of ISO 18876: ISO 2003 All rights reserved 1ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) the structure and content of particular integration models; methods for creating and extending particular integration models; methods for mapping application models to particular integration models. NOTE T
39、he specific methods that apply to mappings between particular application models and integration models de- pend on the modelling paradigm(s) applied and on the structure and content of the models. 2 Normative references 3 Terms, definitions, and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purpo
40、ses of this document, the following terms and definitions apply; those taken or adapted from ISO 10303-1 and ISO/TS 18876-1 are repeated below for convenience. NOTE 1 Definitions copied verbatim from other standards are followed by a reference to the standard in brackets, such as “ISO 10303-1”. In t
41、hese cases the definition in the referenced document is normative; its repetition here is informative and in the case of any discrepancy the definition in the referenced document has precedence. An explanatory note follows definitions that have been adapted from other standards. In these cases the d
42、efinition given here is normative for the pur- poses of this part of ISO 18876. 3.1.1 application model (AM) model that represents information used for some particular purpose NOTE 1 Some application models are also integration models (see 3.1.15). 2 ISO 2003 All rights reserved The following refere
43、nced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO/IEC 8824-1:1998, Information technology Abstract Syntax Notation
44、One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation ISO 10303-1:1994, Industrial automation systems and integration Product data representation and exchange Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles ISO/TS 18876-1:2003, Industrial automation systems and integration Integration of industrial data for exch
45、ange, access and sharing Part 1: Architecture overview and description ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) NOTE 2 An application model is not necessarily a data model, but may be a model of some other sort, such as a logic based model. ISO/TS 18876-1 3.1.2 class category or division of things NOTE There are a nu
46、mber of ways that class can be defined. This definition is intended to be as broad as possible, and is broader than that used in ISO 15926-2. EXAMPLE Pump, power station, engineer, and fictional space vehicle are examples of classes. ISO/TS 18876-1 3.1.3 concept internal conception of some thing; ge
47、neral notion or idea of some thing ISO/TS 18876-1 3.1.4 construct representation of a concept in some formal notation system NOTE A construct may be a part or the whole of a data model. 3.1.5 data representation of information in a formal manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or process
48、ing by computers and possibly human beings ISO 10303-1 3.1.6 data model set of constructs that procvides the definition, structure, and format of data, whether physical or abstract in the sense of being bound to some recording medium ISO/TS 18876-1 3.1.7 derived concept concept in an integration mod
49、el that is wholly defined in terms of primitive concepts ISO/TS 18876-1 3.1.8 encoding transformation transformation of the way data elements are represented for computer processing EXAMPLE Conversion of data governed by an EXPRESS schema from an ISO 10303-21 file to an XML document is an example of an encoding transformation. ISO/TS 18876-1 ISO 2003 All rights reserved 3 ISO/TS 18876-2:2003(E) 3.1.9 extension
