1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Bio-based products - Bio-based contentPart 2: Determination of the bio-based content using the material balance methodBS EN 16785-2:2018National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16785-2:2018.
2、The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MI/2, Bio-based products.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are r
3、esponsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 89545 6ICS 71.040.40; 13.020.55Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authorit
4、y of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 16785-2:2018EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 16785-2March 2018ICS 13.020.55; 71.040.40EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT E
5、UROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2018 CEN Ref. No. EN 16785-2:2018: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national MembersBio-based products - Bio-based content - Part 2
6、: Determination of the bio-based content using the material balance methodProduits biosourcs - Teneur biosource - Partie 2 : Dtermination de la teneur biosource laide de la mthode base sur le bilan matiresBiobasierte Produkte - Biobasierter Gehalt - Teil 2: Bestimmung des biobasierten Gehalts unter
7、Verwendung der MaterialbilanzmethodeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 December 2017.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-t
8、o-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translat
9、ion under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, F
10、ormer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN 16785-2:2018 (E)E
11、uropean foreword 3Introduction . 41 Scope . 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions . 54 Principle 55 Natural products . 66 Rules for allocation of elements . 67 Procedure. 67.1 Information and data to be provided for calculation . 67.2 Calculation of the bio-based content . 78 Traceability
12、 system 89 Validation of the calculated bio-based content 810 Test report . 8Annex A (informative) Examples of determination of the bio-based content . 9Bibliography .152Contents PageBS EN 16785-2:2018EN 16785-2:2018 (E)European forewordThis document (EN 16785-2:2018) has been prepared by Technical
13、Committee CEN/TC 411 “Bio-based products”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withd
14、rawn at the latest by September 2018.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.EN 16785 consists of the following parts: EN 16785-1, Bio-based p
15、roducts Bio-based content Part 1: Determination of the bio-based content using the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis EN 16785-2, Bio-based products Bio-based content Part 2: Determination of the bio-based content using the material balance method (the present document)This document has bee
16、n prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cro
17、atia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tur
18、key and the United Kingdom.3BS EN 16785-2:2018EN 16785-2:2018 (E)IntroductionBio-based products from forestry and agriculture have a long history of application, such as paper, board and various chemicals and materials. The last decades have seen the emergence of new bio-based products in the market
19、. Some of the reasons for the increased interest lie in the bio-based products benefits in relation to the depletion of fossil resources and climate change. Bio-based products may also provide additional product functionalities. This has triggered a wave of innovation with the development of knowled
20、ge and technologies allowing new transformation processes and product development.Acknowledging the need for common standards for bio-based products, the European Commission issued Mandate M/492 1), resulting in a series of standards developed by CEN/TC 411, with a focus on bio-based products other
21、than food, feed and biomass for energy applications.The standards of CEN/TC 411 “Bio-based products” provide a common basis on the following aspects: Common terminology; Bio-based content determination; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Sustainability aspects; Declaration tools.It is important to underst
22、and what the term bio-based product covers and how it is being used. The term bio-based means derived from biomass. Bio-based products (bottles, insulation materials, wood and wood products, paper, solvents, chemical intermediates, composite materials, etc.) are products which are wholly or partly d
23、erived from biomass. It is essential to characterize the amount of biomass contained in the product by, for instance, its bio-based content or bio-based carbon content.The bio-based content of a product does not provide information on its environmental impact or sustainability, which may be assessed
24、 through LCA and sustainability criteria. In addition, transparent and unambiguous communication within bio-based value chains is facilitated by a harmonized framework for certification and declaration.The purpose of this European Standard is to provide a method for the determination of the bio-base
25、d content of solid, liquid and gaseous products, based on the accounting of materials entering and leaving the system and on traceability of the materials during processing, to ensure the physical presence of the bio-based material in the output.Although it is not the purpose of this method, the cla
26、imed bio-based content of the output could be validated by analysis using EN 16785-1 1.1) A mandate is a standardization task embedded in European trade laws. Mandate M/492 is addressed to the European Standardization bodies, CEN, CENELEC and ETSI, for the development of horizontal European Standard
27、s for bio-based products.4BS EN 16785-2:2018EN 16785-2:2018 (E)1 ScopeThis part of EN 16785 specifies a method of determining the bio-based content in products using the material balance applied to a representative product batch in a production unit.This European Standard is applicable to any solid,
28、 liquid and gaseous bio-based product containing carbon, obtained by chemical synthesis, mixing or assembling, provided that: for a product batch, the composition of the product and the bio-based content of each input, output and loss in the production unit are known; and the bio-based content of th
29、e product is verifiable by analysis.This method incorporates only the physical parts of the input and output stream as present in the final product, and does not incorporate material inputs for the energy to be used during the production process.This method is not needed for the determination of the
30、 bio-based content in natural products wholly derived from biomass.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
31、the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.EN 16575, Bio-based products Vocabulary3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 16575 and the following apply.3.1material balancecomparison of physical quantities,
32、expressed by mass, of inputs and outputs for a product in the manufacturing process of this product, over a specified time period3.2product batchidentified collection of products, manufactured consecutively or continuously under the same conditions, using the same materials conforming to the same sp
33、ecificationNOTE The product batch is defined and identified by the product manufacturer.3.3representative product batchproduct batch assumed to have the same characteristics as the production sampled when the latter is considered as a homogeneous whole4 PrincipleFor a defined product batch manufactu
34、red in a defined production unit, this method, supported by rules described in Clause 6, consists of:a) the quantification of the inputs, by dry mass, of the materials used for producing the bio-based product under consideration;b) the quantification of the losses, by dry mass, in the production uni
35、t, for each lost material, if any;5BS EN 16785-2:2018EN 16785-2:2018 (E)c) the quantification of the output(s), by dry mass, andd) the calculation of the bio-based content from these data.The traceability system of the production unit provides necessary information and data to perform the calculatio
36、ns.This method requires that the bio-based content of each input and lost material for the defined product batch in the production unit is known.5 Natural productsIt is not needed to apply this method for the determination of the bio-based content in natural products wholly derived from biomass e.g.
37、 wood (including pulp), flax, hemp, bamboo, sisal, coconut, rice.The bio-based content of a natural product or constituent of a product is equal to 100 %.6 Rules for allocation of elementsFor a product or constituent of a product obtained by chemical synthesis, the following rule shall be applied:a)
38、 if the reactants are exclusively derived from biomass, the bio-based content of the product or constituent of the product is 100 %;b) if none of the reactants is derived from biomass, the bio-based content of the product or constituent of the product is 0 %, andc) if the reactants are derived from
39、both biomass and non-biomass, the following convention applies:If oxygen (O) and/or hydrogen (H) and/or nitrogen (N) element(s) is(are) bound to a carbon structure derived from biomass, its(their) fraction shall be considered to be part(s) of the bio-based content.NOTE 1 According to the current sta
40、te of the art, it is not possible by isotopic measurements to establish a distinction between elements originating from biomass and elements originating from non-biomass, for elements such as oxygen, hydrogen or nitrogen.NOTE 2 Element(s) other than C, H, O and N are not considered in this European
41、Standard.7 Procedure7.1 Information and data to be provided for calculationInformation and data to be provided with the product under consideration shall include:a) information related to the relevant chemical reaction(s), if any, and the composition of the product: raw material/chemicals/intermedia
42、te from which the product is made;b) information related to the production unit (description of the process) and the product batch from which the product under consideration belongs to;c) the dry mass (Min,i) and bio-based content (mB,in,i) of each input (see 7.2); andd) the dry mass (Mlo,i) and bio
43、-based content (mB,lo,i) of each lost material during processing (see 7.2).The bio-based content of each input (mB,in,i) shall take into account the deviations which can exist. It may be obtained by calculation or determined according to a relevant method (e.g. EN 16785-1 1), in accordance with the
44、rules of allocations of elements defined in Clause 6.6 BS EN 16785-2:2018EN 16785-2:2018 (E)The bio-based content of each lost material (mB,lo,j) shall take into account the deviations which can exist in the manufacturing process. It may be obtained by calculation or determined according to a releva
45、nt method (e.g. EN 16785-1 1), in accordance with the rules of allocations of elements defined in Clause 5.If an input is a natural product, then its bio-based content is equal to 100 % (see Clause 6).If data related to any bio-based content of an input is missing or not validated, it shall be state
46、d as zero.Only the elements C, H, O and N are taken into account for the determination of the bio-based content of the each input, output and loss.NOTE If other elements are present in the product, the method described in EN 16785-1, used for the validation of the calculated bio-based content obtain
47、ed by applying this part of EN 16785 (see Clause 9), does not take into account these other elements. Only verifiable bio-based content can be declared.7.2 Calculation of the bio-based contentWithin a defined time period corresponding to a representative product batch, establish the material balance
48、s for the product under consideration by using Formulae (1) and (2).(1)(2)Calculate the bio-based content, expressed as a percentage, of the product under consideration, for a representative product batch, by using Formula (3).(3)wheremBis the bio-based content of the product, expressed as a percent
49、age of the total mass of the dry matter of the product;MB,outis the bio-based mass, expressed in kilograms, of the output leaving the production unit for the product batch under consideration;Mt,outis the total mass of the dry matter, expressed in kilograms, of the output leaving the production unit for the product batch under consideration;Min,iis the dry mass, expressed in kilograms, of the input i entering the production unit for the product batch under consideration;Mlo,jis the dry mass, expressed in kilograms, of the loss j in the produ
