1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Metallic powders Determination of apparent densityPart 1: Funnel methodBS EN ISO 39231:2018National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 39231:2018. It is identical to ISO 39231:2018. It supe
2、rsedes BS EN ISO 39231:2010, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/65, Sintered metal components.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to includ
3、e all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 90965 8ICS 77.160Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British
4、 Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 39231:2018EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 39231July 2018ICS 77.160 Supersedes EN
5、ISO 39231:2010EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCENCENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B1000 Brussels 2018 CEN Ref. No. EN ISO 39231:2018: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nati
6、onal MembersMetallic powders Determination of apparent density Part 1: Funnel method (ISO 39231:2018)Poudres mtalliques Dtermination de la masse volumique apparente Partie 1: Mthode de lentonnoir (ISO 39231:2018)Metallpulver Ermittlung der Flldichte Teil 1: Trichterverfahren (ISO 39231:2018)This Eur
7、opean Standard was approved by CEN on 3 May 2018.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Uptodate lists and bibliographical references concerni
8、ng such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its
9、 own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany
10、, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN ISO 39231:2018 (E)European forewordThis document (EN ISO 39231:2018) h
11、as been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 119 “Powder metallurgy“ in collaboration with CCMC.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2019, and conflicting national standards s
12、hall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2019.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.This document supersedes EN ISO 39231:2010.According t
13、o the CENCENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece
14、, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.Endorsement noticeThe text of ISO 3923-1:2018 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 3923-1:2018
15、 without any modification.iiBS EN ISO 39231:2018ISO 39231:2018Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Symbols and designations 16 Apparatus . 27 Sample . 38 Procedure. 39 Expression of results 410 Precision . 410.1 Repeatability . 410.2 Reproducibility
16、 . 411 Test report . 4Annex A (normative) Carney funnel 5Bibliography 6 ISO 2018 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 39231:2018ISO 39231:2018ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
17、 of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and nongovernment
18、al, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the I
19、SO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibil
20、ity that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of pa
21、tent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to con
22、formity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 119, Powder metallurgy, Subcommittee
23、 SC 2, Sampling and testing methods for powders (including powders for hard metals).This fourth edition, which cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 39231:2008), has been updated with the funnel used in the Gustavsson method. Also, the figures showing the funnels have been removed and instead
24、references are made to the relevant test method standards.A list of all the parts in the ISO 3923 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2018 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 39231:2018Metallic powders Determination of apparent density Part 1: Funnel method1 ScopeThis document specifies the funne
25、l method for the determination of the apparent density of metallic powders under standardized conditions.The method is intended for metallic powders that flow freely through a 2,5 mm diameter orifice. It can, however, be used for powders that flow with difficulty through a 2,5 mm diameter orifice bu
26、t flow through a 5 mm diameter orifice.Methods for the determination of the apparent density of powders that will not flow through a 5 mm diameter orifice are specified in ISO 3923-21.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their co
27、ntent constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 4490, Metallic powders Determination of flow rate by means of a calibrated funnel (Hall
28、flowmeter)ISO 13517, Metallic powders Determination of flowrate by means of a calibrated funnel (Gustavsson flowmeter)3 Terms and definitionsNo terms and definitions are listed in this document.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: ISO O
29、nline browsing platform: available at https:/www.iso.org/obp IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/4 PrincipleMeasurement of the mass of a certain quantity of powder, which in a loose condition exactly fills a cup of known volume.The loose condition is obtained by using, when fil
30、ling the cup, a funnel placed at a determined distance above the cup.The ratio between the mass and the volume represents the apparent density.5 Symbols and designationsThe symbols and designations used in this document are defined in Table 1.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 39231:2018 ISO 2018 All rights
31、 reserved 1BS EN ISO 39231:2018ISO 39231:2018Table 1Symbol Designation UnitaApparent density of metallic powders (general term) g/cm3acApparent density obtained by the funnel method g/cm3m Mass of the powder gV Volume of the cup cm36 Apparatus6.1 Funnels accepted have the following properties: orifi
32、ce of diameter 2,5 mm and a cone angle of 60, Hall funnel according to ISO 4490; orifice of diameter 2,5 mm and a cone angle of 30, Gustavsson funnel according to ISO 13517; orifice of diameter 5,0 mm and cone angle of 60, Carney funnel according to Annex A.6.2 Cylindrical cup, with a capacity of 25
33、 cm3 0,03 cm3and an internal diameter of 28 mm 0,5 mm. A cup with the same capacity and with an internal diameter of 30 mm 1 mm is also acceptable. 28 mm 0,5 mm is, however, the first option when new equipment is manufactured.The cup and funnels should be made of a nonmagnetic, corrosionresistant, m
34、etallic material with sufficient wall thickness and hardness to avoid distortion and excessive wear. The inner surfaces of the cup and funnels should be polished.6.3 Balance, of sufficient capacity, capable of weighing the test sample to an accuracy of 0,01 g.6.4 Stand and horizontal vibrationfree b
35、ase, to support the cup and funnel, the stand holding the orifice of the funnel 25 0,5 mm above the top surface of the cup and coaxially with it (see Figure 1).2 ISO 2018 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 39231:2018ISO 39231:2018Dimensions in millimetresaA cup with the same capacity and with an internal
36、diameter of 30 mm 1 mm is also acceptable (see 6.2).Figure 1 Arrangement of the stand with funnel and cup7 Sample7.1 The test sample shall be at least 100 cm3in volume to allow the determination to be carried out on three test portions.7.2 In general, the powder should be tested in the asreceived co
37、ndition. In certain instances, the powder may be dried. However, if the powder is susceptible to oxidation, the drying shall take place in a vacuum or in an inert gas. If the powder contains volatile substances, it shall not be dried.8 Procedure8.1 Pour the test portion of powder into one of the fun
38、nels with the 2,5 mm orifice and, from that, directly into the cylindrical cup, until this is completely filled and the powder flows over. Level the powder in one operation with a nonmagnetic straightedge without compressing it, and take care not to jar or vibrate the cup.8.2 If the powder does not
39、flow through this funnel, use the funnel with the 5 mm orifice. If the powder still does not flow, it is acceptable to initiate flow by poking once with a 1 mm wire from the top of the funnel. The wire shall not enter the cup.8.3 After levelling the powder, tap the cup to settle the powder, in order
40、 to avoid spilling it during transport. Make sure that there are no adhering particles on the exterior of the cup.8.4 Determine the mass of the powder to the nearest 0,01 g. ISO 2018 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 39231:2018ISO 39231:20188.5 Carry out the determinations on three test portions.9 Expr
41、ession of resultsThe apparent density is given by the formulaac=mVm25Report the arithmetical mean of the three determinations to the nearest 0,01 g/cm3, and also the highest and lowest results if the scatter between results exceeds 1 % of the mean.10 Precision10.1 RepeatabilityDuplicated tests with
42、the same equipment, by the same operator, on a homogenized batch of powder, should be considered suspect if they differ by more than 0,03 g/cm3at a 95 % confidence level.10.2 ReproducibilityResults from two different laboratories, on the same homogenized batch of powder, should be considered suspect
43、 if they differ by more than 0,05 g/cm3at a 95 % confidence level.11 Test reportThe test report shall include the following information:a) a reference to this document (i.e. ISO 3923-1:2018);b) all details necessary for the identification of the test sample;c) the drying procedure, if the powder has
44、 been dried;d) the nominal diameter of the orifice, cone angle of the funnel and the use of a wire, if applied;e) the result obtained;f) all operations not specified in this document, or regarded as optional;g) details of any occurrence which may have affected the result.4 ISO 2018 All rights reserv
45、edBS EN ISO 39231:2018ISO 39231:2018Annex A (normative) Carney funnelThe dimensions of a Carney funnel according to ASTM B4172are shown in Figure A.1.Dimensions in millimetresaThis value is mandatory.bD =+5002,Figure A.1 Carney funnel with orifice diameter of 5 mm ISO 2018 All rights reserved 5BS EN
46、 ISO 39231:2018ISO 39231:2018Bibliography1 ISO 39232, Metallic powders Determination of apparent density Part 2: Scott volumeter method2 ASTM B417, Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Non-Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Carney Funnel6 ISO 2018 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 39231:2018Thi
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