1、2017 年广东省 广州市 高考 一 模试卷英语 第卷 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节 , 满分 40 分 ) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分 , 满分 30 分 ) 阅读下列短文 ， 从每题所给的四个选项 (A、 B、 C 和 D)中 , 选出最佳选项 。 A Inside the Rain Room The Rain Room has arrived and local art lovers are taking notice. Is it worth the wait? Yes, I assure you it is. Once inside, visitors find a l
2、ong, dark room with a high ceiling. A single bright light shines through heavy rain falling around visitors. The mist. The damp air. The noise. It feels like a mighty storm is pouring down. But the storm is inside. And visitors arent getting wet. Instead, visitors wander in awe, admiring the rain an
3、d the artists who created it. The Rain Room was created to highlight the connection between humans, nature and technology. With a tracking system that senses movement and stops the rain wherever visitors move, it does just that. Light and sound produce an experience that feels both natural and forei
4、gn. The exhibit is moving on to Atlanta next month. I urge you to visit before then. Its time to experience the Rain Room for yourself! 21. Whats the purpose of the text? A. To attract visitors to a new art exhibit. B. To explain how an exhibit has been created. C. To describe the technology used in
5、 the exhibit D. To promote the artists taking part in an exhibit. 解析： 推理判断题 。 根据第一段 The Rain Room has arrived and local art lovers are taking notice. Is it worth the wait? Yes, I assure you it is.可知课文的目的是吸引参观者参观一个新的艺术展览；故选 A。 答案： A 22. Whats the function of the exhibits tracking system? A. To keep v
6、isitors from getting wet. B. To protect the exhibit from water damage. C. To time how long visitors are in the room. D. To count the number of visitors in the room. Welcome to the Rain Room The Rain Room features falling water. Please be aware you may get slightly wet. However, visitors wearing rain
7、coats will be turned away. This exhibit features advanced technology. To ensure its effectiveness, please avoid wearing dark or reflective clothing. Visitors are welcome to take photographs of the exhibit. Children must be accompanied by an adult. For the convenience of all guests, visits are limite
8、d to 10 minutes. 解析： 细节理解题 。 根据第二段 With a tracking system that senses movement and stops the rain wherever visitors move, it does just that 可知展品跟踪系统的功能是防止访客淋湿；故选 A。 答案： A 23. What must you do when visiting the Rain Room? A. Wear a raincoat. B. Wear dark clothing. C. Leave your camera outside. D. Pas
9、s through within 10 minutes. 解析 ： 细节理解题 。 根据文章 For the convenience of all guests, visits are limited to 10 minutes可知为所有客人的方便，访问是有限的 10 分钟的时间；故选 D。 答案： D B Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese science. Built over 2,200 years ago in wh
10、at is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering achievement is still used today to irrigate over 6,000 square kilometres of farmland, take away floodwater and provide water for 50 cities in the province. In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands suffered fro
11、m regular floods caused by overflow from the Minjiang River. To help the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the regions governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. They studied the problem and discovered that the river most often overflowed when winter snow at the top of the nearby M
12、ount Yulei began to melt as the weather warmed. The simplest fix was to build a dam, but this would have mined the Minjiang River. So instead Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally. Be
13、tter still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making it suitable for farming. Cutting the channels through the hard rock of Mount Yulei was a remarkable accomplish- ment as it was done long before the invention of gunpowder and explosives. Li Bing found another solution. He
14、 used a combination of fire and water to heat and cool the rocks until they cracked and could be removed. After eight years of work, the 2-metre-wide canals had been carved through the mountain. Once the system was finished, no more floods occurred and the people were able to live peacefully and aff
15、luently. Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists from around the world because of one feature. Unlike modern dams where the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, enabling ecosystems and fish populations to exist in harmony. 24. W
16、hat are the benefits of Dujiangyan according to the first paragraph? A. Reducing flooding and watering farmland. B. Protecting the mountain and reducing flooding. C. Watering farmland and improving water quality. D. Drying the river and supplying cities with water. 解析： 细节理解题 。 由第一段 this amazing engi
17、neering achievement is still used today to irrigate over 6, 000 square kilometres of farmland, take away floodwater and provide water for 50cities m the province. 可知 ， 这个工程成今天仍然使用于农田灌溉，带走洪水，并提供 50 个城市用水，故选 A。 答案： A 25. What was the main cause of the Minjiang Rivers flooding? A. Heavy rains. B. Melti
18、ng snow. C. Low river banks. D. Steep mountains. 解析： 理解推断题 。 由第二段 They studied the problem and discovered that the river most often overflowed when winter snow at the top of the nearby Mount Yulei began to melt as the weather warmed. 可知，当冬天附近山顶的雪开始融化时，这条河常常溢出，故选 B。 答案： B 26. How was Li Bing able to
19、break, through the rocks of Mount Yulei? A. By using gunpowder. B. By flooding the rocks with water. C. By applying a heating and cooling technique. D. By breaking the rocks with hammers and spades. 解析： 细节理解题 。 由倒数第二段 He used a combination of fire and water to heat and cool the rocks until they crac
20、ked and could be removed, 可知使 用火和水来加热和冷却岩石可以使它们破解，故选 C。 答案： C 27. Why is Dujiangyan greatly admired by scientists today? A. It preserves much of the natural river life. B. It took very little time to complete the project. C. The building techniques used were very modern. D. It has raised the living
21、standards of the local people. 解析： 理解推断题 。 由最后一段 Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, enabling ecosystems and fish populations to exist in harmony 可知，都江堰仍然允许岷江水流自然通过，使生态系统和鱼类种群十分和谐自然，故选 A。 答案： A C Bill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place-ba
22、sed colleges less significant, and five years from now, students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online. I applaud Mr. Gates. But whats taking us so long? As early as 1997, MIT（ 麻省理工 ） decided to post videos of all university lectures online for free, for all people. But today, h
23、ow many students have you met who mastered advanced mathematics or nuclear physics from an MIT online video? Unfortunately, the answer is not many. The problem is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students. Those who go to the MIT website and watch cour
24、ses online are surely very smart people, but its not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft. Only the most ardent students, those who are highly motivated, will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos. The real question is why we arent spending more to develop better on
25、line education platforms. Where is the Avatar of education? Think about this. The market for Hollywood films per year is worth around 30 billion USD. Education in the world is a trillion-dollar-a-year market, hundreds of times bigger than Hollywood movies. Yet the most expensive digital learning sys
26、tem ever built cost well under 100 million dollars. Bill Gates prediction is going to happen. There is no doubt about it. But it will only happen when we create high level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more than has ever been possible in the real world. 28. What has Bill
27、 Gates forecast about online learning? A. It will concentrate on physics lectures. B. It will completely replace real universities. C. It will help to make universities more successful. D. It will play an increasingly important role in education. 解析： 推理判断题 。 根据句子 Bill Gates recently predicted that o
28、nline learning will make place-based colleges less significant 可知， 比尔盖茨预言网上学习将变得比大学上课更重要，即在教育上将扮演着越来越重要的角色，故答案为 D。 答案： D 29. What does the underlined word “ardent” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Creative. B. Enthusiastic. C. Well-behaved. D. Experienced. 解析： 词义猜测题 。 根据单词后面的解释 those who are highly motivated
29、“ 那些非常有动力的人 ”， 也就是那些非常有热情的人，故答案为 B。 答案： B 30. According to the author, what is holding back the popularity of online learning? A. The lack of lectures available online. B. The high cost of access to the websites. C. The low standard of educational websites. D. The competition with online computer ga
30、mes. 解析： 细节理解题 。 根据句子 The problem is the poor quality of online education websites 可知，阻碍网上学习的问题就是低质量的教育网站，故答案为 C。 答案： C 31. Why does the author mention Hollywood? A. To show that Hollywood produces many successful movies. B. To prove that education is more profitable than entertainment. C. To argue
31、that movie directors should produce educational content. D. To urge that more money be spent developing educational websites. 解析： 推理判断题 。 根据句子 The real question is why we arent spending more to develop better online education platforms. 以及后面提到 Hollywood 投入大量的资金来发展，作者觉得应在网上教育平台上投入更多的资金，故答案为 D。 答案： D
32、D Persuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos is a speakers way of convincing the audience that she is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop
33、 ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field. After all, youre more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person. If an audience can
34、not trust you, you will not be able to persuade them. Pathos is a speakers way of connecting with an audiences emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill
35、the audience with fear, thus making them support him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats, to make the viewers feel pity。 If the audience feels bad for the animals, they will be more likely to donate money. Logos is the use of facts, statistics, or o
36、ther evidence to support your argument. An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”. Although ethos, pathos, and logos all have their strengths, they are often most
37、 effective when used together. Indeed, most speakers use a combination of ethos, pathos, and logos to persuade their audiences. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial, or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek to
38、ols of persuasion. 32. Why does the author say persuasion is an art? A. They both entertain the audience. B. They both require great skill to achieve. C. They both demand full attention from the audience. D. They were both common topics of ancient Greek writers. 解析： 主旨大意题 。 文章首先说劝服是一种让别人相信认同你的艺术，然后具
39、体介绍了古希腊提出三种基本工具的用法和对观众产生的影响，强调的是劝服的技巧性，所以说劝服是一门艺术 B 项意为 “ 它们都要求很高的技巧性 ” ，符合题意故正确答案为 B。 答案： B 33. How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience? A. By expressing her sympathy with the audience. B. By telling the audience about her personal preference. C. By using beautiful language to make
40、her statements attractive. D. By showing her knowledge and experience relating to the topic. 解析： 细节理解题 。 根据第二段第二句 One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field 可知，演讲者可以通过解释她在该领域的经验或者教育程度来展现她的气质 。 D 项符合题意 ， 故正确答案为 D。 答案： D 34. What c
41、an we learn about the three aspects of persuasion? A. Ethos is the most important aspect of persuasion. B. Each aspect has a different effect on the audience. C. Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable. D. Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience. 解析： 细节理解题 。 文章介
42、绍了 persuasion 的三个基本工具也就是 ethos, pathos 和 logos, 并分别说明了每个工具的作用以及具体的使用方法 B 项意为 “ 每个方面都能对观众产生不同的影响 ”， 符合题意 。 A 项 ，“ Ethos 是说服 最重要的一个方面 ”。 文中仅仅介绍了三个方面的不同作用 ， 并没提及哪个更为重要， A 项错误 。 C 项， “ 坦诚是使你的观点增强可信度的关键 ”。 文中提到 persuasion 的三个工具均能提高观点的可信度 ， 并没有提及坦诚 ， C 项错误 。 D 项， “ 政治领导最常使用 pathos 来劝服他们的观众 ”。 根据最后一段第二句 In
43、deed, most speakers use a combination of ethos, pathos, and logos to persuade their audiences 可知，虽然每种工具的作用不同，但是演讲者通常混合使用这三种，而非仅仅使用 pathos， D 项错误故正确答案为 B。 答案： B 35. An advertisement for washing powder which claims that “scientific tests show that our powder kills 95 of all bacteria” is mainly using _
44、. A. ethos B. pathos C. logos D. a combination of all three 解析： 推理判断题 。 根据第四段第一句 Logos is the use of facts, statistics, or other evidence to support your argument 可知， logos 通过使用事实、数据以及其他证据来支持你的观点，而题目中提到的通过科学实验来表明洗衣粉的杀菌能力达到 95%，使用的是 logos 这种工具 。故正确答案为 C。 答案： C 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分 , 满分 10 分 ) 根据短文内容 ,
45、 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Weve all experienced peer pressure (同伴压力 ). It happens to everybody. However, people have different reactions. Confident people refuse to do things they dont want to do, but shy and anxious people often give in. It may be because they want to be liked. It may be b
46、ecause they worry that their friends will make fun of them, or perhaps theyre just curious about trying something new. 36 Its hard being the only one who says no and the question is： how do you do it? 37 If you think that missing maths, or smoking, or going somewhere you know your parents wouldnt li
47、ke is a bad idea then the answer is simple： dont do it. Its your decision. nobody elses. You dont need to be aggressive. You dont need to shout and scream, but you must be confident and you must be firm. You need to say, “No thanks. I dont want to do that.” Being on your own against everybody else i
48、s very hard, so it can really help to have at least one other peer, or friend, who will say no too. 38 You want friends who will support you when youre in trouble. You dont want people who will always agree with the majority. Remember, the most popular people arent always the most trustworthy. 39 Yo
49、u can learn a lot from people your own age. They can teach you great football skills or the best way to do your maths homework. They can recommend music and advise you on fashion. And dont forget you can tell them things too, and that always feels great. So, find friends who have similar interests. And remember, friendship isnt about feeling depressed and guilty. 40 A. Choose your friends carefully. B. Firstly, you must decide what you believe.
