1、2008 年 10 月全国自考（电子商务英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：160.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词汇和语法(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1._under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.（分数：2.00）A.SeenB.SeesC.SeeingD.To see2.It has been_for him by his family to marry a girl of his own class.（分数：2.00）A.arrangedB.organizedC.settledD.a
2、dapted3.Flight nineteen from New York to Washington is now arriving at_ .（分数：2.00）A.the two gateB.gate twoC.the gate twoD.second gate4.Id rather listen to_than watch _ .（分数：2.00）A.radio; televisionB.a radio; a televisionC.radio; the televisionD.the radio; television5.All_agreed to repeat the experim
3、ent.（分数：2.00）A.the present peopleB.the people to be presentC.the people presentD.the people having been present6.There are _opportunities for employment in the rural area.（分数：2.00）A.lessB.littleC.smallD.fewer7.He doesnt dare to leave the house in case he_ .（分数：2.00）A.is recognizedB.will be recognize
4、dC.will recognizeD.has been recognized8.George_in this school for forty years by the time he retires.（分数：2.00）A.will teachB.will have taughtC.has taughtD.will be teaching9.Weather_ , well go sightseeing.（分数：2.00）A.permittedB.is permittedC.permittingD.is permitting10.No one _to me like that again.（分数
5、：2.00）A.dare to speakB.dare speakC.dares speakD.dares speaking11.We _tennis in the park when you phoned.（分数：2.00）A.must have been playingB.must be playingC.must playD.must have played12.Let us have something iced to drink, _ ?（分数：2.00）A.will weB.shall weC.do weD.dont we13.Teachers all _the student t
6、o enter the competition.（分数：2.00）A.cheeredB.animatedC.encouragedD.heartened14.How I wish to_in your sufferings.（分数：2.00）A.enterB.contributeC.participateD.provide15.You should sign a contract to make your job situation_ .（分数：2.00）A.normalB.commonC.regularD.usual16.A poor memory_her efforts to become
7、an actress.（分数：2.00）A.encouragedB.accomplishedC.frustratedD.develop17.Either the shirt or the sweater_suitable for this season.（分数：2.00）A.isB.areC.have beenD.has18.All you need to do_the form.（分数：2.00）A.fill inB.fills inC.are to fill inD.is to fill in19.She decided not to_her husbands name when she
8、got married.（分数：2.00）A.adoreB.adoptC.admireD.admit20.I am thinking of_a close relationship with my competitors.（分数：2.00）A.performingB.settlingC.organizingD.establishing二、完形填空(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Several regions in the world are subject【C1】_storms which are so severe that they【C2】_damage on a tremendous s
9、cale. The regions are all located on the edges of great oceans. The【C3】_term for such severe storms is “cyclone“. The term “hurricane“ is【C4】_for storms that occur in the North Atlantic Ocean. Cyclones(龙卷风)and hurricanes(飓风)differ in one curious【C5】_; in a cyclone, the wind circulates in a clockwise
10、 direction; in a hurricane, the wind direction is counter-clockwise.【C6】_cyclones and hurricanes have one ominous similarity.【C7】_the damage they cause on land and at sea, they are identical. Australia undergoes a number of cyclones every year along its northern coast, which faces Indonesia. The cyc
11、lones【C8】_mainly in December and January, the summer months in the southern hemisphere. Usually the Australian cyclones dont cause great damage because Australias northern territory has vast empty regions that are virtually【C9】_. There are few coastal cities. When a cyclone【C10】_move inland from the
12、 sea, it usually blows itself out without striking any inhabited area.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.toB.forC.ofD.on(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.makeB.causeC.happenD.suffer(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.fullB.commonC.ordinaryD.general(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.madeB.calledC.meantD.defined(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.wayB.mannerC.angleD.feat
13、ure(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.AndC.ButD.Then(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.In thatB.In terms ofC.Except forD.Along with(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.occurB.riseC.raiseD.foster(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.populatedB.desertedC.unpopulatedD.undeserved(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.couldB.doesC.wouldD.should三、阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：20.00)Personal interv
14、iewing(面试)is most effective when all the people to be interviewed are located in a relatively small geographical area. Otherwise, the time and expense spent in traveling from one person to another makes this type of interviewing economically impractical. Personal interviewing is usually used when th
15、e information needed is too complex to be gathered by another technique. For example, a problem being studied may require the interviewer to probe beyond the more superficial answers that might be obtained with another method. It is sometimes assumed that personal interviewing is the most accurate o
16、f all survey research techniques. Although personal interviewing may be accurate in many cases, human errors may prevent a researcher from obtaining valid results. Questions perceived by the interviewee(应试者)as an invasion of privacy or threatening in any way will probably produce false or partially
17、true answers. Also, since the interviewer(面试者)must interpret the respondents statements, a certain amount of information loss results even though the respondent may be answering truthfully. In spite of the problems, at least two major advantages are provided by this research technique. First, the al
18、ert interviewer can generally tell if the respondent is being truthful or if he or she is giving superficial or untrue responses. Second, the interviewer can rephrase questions, give more explanation , or probe more deeply if the initial questions do not produce the information desired. As a result,
19、 the information gleaned should be more accurate than that provided by interviews where no one is present to clarify questions or to interpret answers.（分数：6.00）(1).Sometimes a researcher cannot get valid results because _.（分数：2.00）A.the information needed is too complex to be gatheredB.personal inte
20、rviewing is the most accurate of all survey research techniquesC.personal interviewing is not as effective as other research techniquesD.both interviewer and interviewee may make mistakes during the interviewing(2).In the first sentence of the last paragraph, the pronoun “this“ refers to_.（分数：2.00）A
21、.surveyB.questionC.answeringD.personal interviewing(3).According to the last paragraph, one of the advantages of the personal interviewing is _.（分数：2.00）A.the interviewer can ask the interviewee questions again in different waysB.the interviewer can ask the interviewee some personal questionsC.the i
22、nitial question do not produce the information desiredD.no one is present to clarify questionsIn the United States, boys and girls start school when they are five years old. In some states they must stay in school until they are sixteen. Most students are seventeen or eighteen years old when they gr
23、aduate from secondary school. Another name for secondary school is high school. Most children go to public elementary and secondary schools. The parents of public school pupils do not have to pay directly for their childrens education because tax money supports the public schools. If a child attends
24、 a private school, his parents pay the school for the childs education. Today about half of the high school graduates go on to colleges and universities. Some colleges and universities receive tax money from the government. A student at a state university does not have to pay very much if his parent
25、s live in that state. Private colleges and universities are expensive; however, almost half of the college students in the United States work while they are studying. When a students family is not rich, he has to earn money for part of his college expenses.（分数：6.00）(1).The students in all the states
26、 of the U. S. must finish_school until they are_ at least.（分数：2.00）A.high; eighteenB.elementary; seventeenC.secondary; sixteenD.starting; five years old(2).In America the parents whose children go to public schools_ for their childrens education, while the parents whose children attend private schoo
27、ls（分数：2.00）A.do not pay any; will pay much moneyB.pay no; pay muchC.pay directly; dont have to pay directlyD.dont pay money directly; must pay plenty of money(3).About 50 per cent of the university students in the United States_to get_ their college education.（分数：2.00）A.work while studying; some mon
28、ey forB.must work hard all night; earning much money forC.work at night while study in the day; some money forD.works while studying; part of the money forSearching by keyword is the most common method of using a search engine, but the problem with keywords is the relatively imprecise results and th
29、e return of a lot of irrelevant information. Keywords may have more than one meaning and search results may be found only by using a synonym of the keyword. The method of browsing on the other hand takes too much to find the relevant information. Directories like Yahoo try to circumvent the problem,
30、 but the manual process of classifying material on the web takes up too much time, resulting in very few search results, as not everything on the web can be classified. Therefore new paradigms of searching are needed as well as new software that is able to categorize web sites automatically. The maj
31、ority of search engines come from the United States and has specialized in English resources and information reflecting the American culture. People who do not speak English or who are non-native speakers have therefore many disadvantages on the web. The centralized approach to information retrieval
32、 has extreme difficulty in coping with the multilingual and multi-cultural nature of the information society. The Internet has become a success throughout the world, but the American search engines operate with a US-centric company structure and tend to concentrate upon the English language. Althoug
33、h many search engines have subsidiaries in many other countries, like Japan or Italy, the way the information is presented is the American way and may not reflect the logic of the people who are using it. National search engines in Russia or France, for example, have to deal with far smaller sets of
34、 information and specialize in the cultural and linguistic environments that they know best. Their disadvantage is that the queries are in Russian or French and the search results contain only a small subset of possible results on the web, as they are restricted to the language. This strongly reduce
35、s the possibility of using the Web as a source for the worldwide diffusion of information. Larger search engines, such as Altavista are able to perform multilingual searches, which presents search results in multiple languages. This is good, if the searcher knows all the languages, but if, for examp
36、le, an Indian finds a Japanese web site on the search topic, this may not be helpful. Text documents that are in special formats(such as Postscript or Star Office Documents)are unreachable for many search engines, as the textual information is embedded into the binary structure of the particular fil
37、e format. The same applies to scanned documents, Java applets and video/ audio clips. The content of these file formats is hidden from search engines today. Only if the description of the file format is known and included into the search engine is it possible to add the content for certain document
38、types. This is relatively easy, just a matter of work. Infoseek for example, is able to index the content of Word documents. More difficult is the inclusion of content that is hidden in applications, as there is no way to tell where the information may be hidden. The research and development in info
39、rmation and data retrieval is aimed at improving the effectiveness and efficiency of retrieval. Individual and parallel development for database management systems has left this sector without a centralized vision and coordination between the different types of search engines. Search engines on the
40、Internet are very specific and not able to cope with multiple database formats and file types. In order to make searches complete a search engine needs to search over text, documents, images, sounds and all other media formats. So the database integration will be the single most important objective
41、for the future of intelligent search engines.（分数：8.00）(1).The problem with searching by keywords is_.（分数：2.00）A.although the results are more precise the information is abundantB.although the results are not precise the information is not enoughC.the results are not precise and the information is mo
42、re than necessaryD.none of the above(2).Which of the following is true about the search engines from the U.S.?（分数：2.00）A.All of them specialized in English resources and information.B.They operate with a US-centric company structure and tend to concentrate on various languages.C.They provide only cu
43、ltural resources and information.D.It is not convenient for non-English speakers to use.(3).It can be learnt that if an Italian uses American search engines subsidiaries in Italy he may have the problem of_.（分数：2.00）A.not being able to find the information that he needsB.not knowing how to use the s
44、earch enginesC.having to try to understand the American logic firstD.having to learn English first(4).Search engines cannot work very efficiently today because _.（分数：2.00）A.there is no coordination between the different types of search enginesB.search engines on the Internet are very specific and no
45、t able to cope with multiple database formats and file typesC.search engines need to search over different categories to make searches completeD.all of the above四、单词汉译英(总题数：15，分数：30.00)21.确认；鉴别 v i 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_22.地方；位置 n l 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_23.服从；顺从；提交 v s 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_24.投资 n i 1（分数：2.00）填空
46、项 1:_25.增强 v e 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_26.商品；货物 n m 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_27.参与；参加 v p 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_28.可用的；可获得的 adj a 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_29.自动化；自动 n a 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_30.基金；经费 n f 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_31.分配；分发；分布 v d 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_32.预置；初始化 n i 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_33.流行；货币 n c 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_34.无效果的 adj i 1（分数
47、：2.00）填空项 1:_35.口令；密码 n p 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_五、单词英译汉(总题数：15，分数：30.00)36.on-line payment（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_37.multi-media（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_38.business process re-engineering(BPR)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_39.distribution channel（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_40.cyberspace（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_41.automatic replenishment（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_42.virtual private network(VPN)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_43.frequently asked questions(FAQ)（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_44.direct billing（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_45.centralized system（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_46.supply chains（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_47.status tracking（分数：2.
