1、2008 年江苏专转本（英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：240.00，做题时间：90 分钟)Sometimes, people simply do not realize they are being ill mannered. Take Ted, for example. He prides himself on speaking his mind, and has something to say on everything. But his frankness is often extremely embarrassing. He is incapable of saying, “ I
2、thought that last advertising campaign had a lot of good ideas in it, but perhaps next time we could give the copy more vitality(活力). “ Instead, he would say, “ That campaign was a disaster. A child of three could have done better !“ The fact that he is often right does not help. Other employees dis
3、like his manner even more, but he is too insensitive to notice. Another character among the list of ill-mannered employees is Sally, who seems to regard just being at work as a severe punishment . Everything is done unwillingly. Asking her to do a task beyond her basic job description is often not w
4、orth the trouble. It will be done, but only half-heartedly. Fergus is just the opposite. He shows an over-familiarity to his boss. When an important visitor is shown into the managers office, Fergus cannot take the hint and leave. Instead he will attempt to take part in the conversation, declaring,
5、“You can talk in front of me. Henry and I dont have many secrets, do we?“ Over the years Fergus has fallen behind his former equal. But he seeks to maintain the same close relationship that he imagines existed in their younger days.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following words describes Ted best?（分数：2.
6、00）A.Cold.B.Tactless.C.Stupid.D.Warm-hearted.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that Ted_.（分数：2.00）A.is well-known for his honestyB.tends to blame others rather than himselfC.often gives the right idea in the wrong wayD.is treated unfairly by the management(3).Which of the following is true abo
7、ut Sally?（分数：2.00）A.She thinks its unfair to have so much work to do.B.She is unhappy to help others.C.She hates being ordered about.D.She does everything half-heartedly.(4).From the passage, we can infer that Fergus_.（分数：2.00）A.was once close to all his colleaguesB.has remained in the same position
8、 for yearsC.doesnt know what a hint isD.knows everything that happens in the office(5).The writer is taking the point of view of_.（分数：2.00）A.a colleagueB.people like TedC.an employeeD.a managerA lot of real businesses are focusing on the Internet as a way of building sales, but some people with noth
9、ing to sell are creating their own Websites to announce wedding plans, show off pictures of their kids or just have communications . Its not as hard as you think and it can be a lot of fun. Carol Masser has some tips on building your own Website. “Like my living room, or my study, its where I put me
10、mentos (纪念品) , collectibles (收藏物) , books and paintings and things that I would like to show to my friends and relatives. “ Renne Tubegeihan uses his own Website to invite people into his virtual home. While John Marashod designed his own Website to attract other parents of disabled children, “ Id s
11、ay the goal of this site is to basically link parents in the same situation with disabled children and exchange ideas with one another. “ Renne and John are part of a growing number of surfers who have established their own Websites. If you want to weave a Web yourself, its easier than you think. Th
12、e first step is to get your own Web address. Theyre sold by Web service providers like Microsoft, AT or if you want to get a little fancier, you can buy a software program like Adobe Page Mill for 100 dollars, or Microsofts FrontPage Editor for 150 dollars.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, som
13、e people create their own Websites in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.sell their personal thingsB.set up family businessC.communicate with othersD.show off their Website building skills(2).What is the main goal of John Marashods Website?（分数：2.00）A.To contact parents who like to share their ideas on raising chi
14、ldren.B.To link parents who offer free service to disabled children.C.To send information to disabled children.D.To link parents with disabled children so as to communicate with each other.(3).Some companies offer free Web addresses provided that_.（分数：2.00）A.their advertisements are allowed to be pu
15、t on the WebsiteB.the Web service providers agree to put their advertisement on their Web sitesC.Microsoft and other service providers pay the monthly rentD.25 dollars are paid to Microsoft, AT sometimes, though, there is no one to listen. Modern pharmacology (药物学) offers a lot of tranquilizers (镇静剂
16、) , antidepressants and anti-anxiety drugs. What many people dont realize, however, is that scientists have discovered the effectiveness of several non-drug approaches to make you free from an unwanted mood . These can be just as useful as drugs, and have the added benefit of being non-poisonous. So
17、 next time you feel out of sorts, dont head for the drugstore, try the following approach. Of all the mood-altering self-help techniques, aerobic(增氧简体的) exercise seems to be the most efficient cure for a bad mood. “If you could keep the exercise, youd be in high spirits. “ says Kathryn Lance, author
18、 of Running for Health and Beauty. Researchers have explained biochemical and various other changes that make exercise compared favorably to drugs as a mood-raiser. Physical exertion such as housework, however, does little. The key is aerobic exerciserunning, cycling, walking, swimming or other repe
19、titive and tamed activities that boost the heart rate, increase circulation(血液循环) and improve the bodys utilization(利用) of oxygen. Do them for at least twenty minutes a session, three or five times a week.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the main subject of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.How to beat a bad mood.B.How t
20、o do physical exercise.C.How to talk bad moods out.D.How to get involved in aerobic exercise.(2).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.the best way to overcome a bad mood is to talk to oneselfB.when one is in a bad mood, he or she may not work very efficientlyC.some drugs are more eff
21、ective than physical exerciseD.a person can make a big profit if he is in a good mood(3).“Feel out of sorts“ in the second paragraph could be best replaced by “_“.（分数：2.00）A.put things in orderB.be in a bad moodC.search for tranquilizersD.need a mood-raiser(4).Which of the following is NOT true acco
22、rding to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Doing housework can also help you overcome a bad mood.B.Aerobic exercise can make you in high spirits.C.Swimming walking, or running is an efficient cure for a bad mood.D.Taking anti-anxiety drugs might do harm to peoples health.(5).Which of the following best describ
23、es the organization of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.A procedure is explained and its significance is emphasized.B.A problem is pointed out and solutions are given.C.Two contrasting views of a problem are presented.D.Recent pharmacological advancements are outlined in order of importance.（非英语类学生必做） The av
24、erage person swallows about half-a-ton of food a yearnot counting drinkand though the body is remarkably efficient at extracting(摄取) just what it needs from this huge mixture, it can only cope up to a point. If you go on eating too much of some things and not enough of others, youll eventually get o
25、ut of condition and your health will suffer. So think before you start eating. It may look good. It may taste good. Fine! But how much good is it really doing you? What you eat and the way it affects your body depend very much on the kind of person you are. For one things, the genes you inherit from
26、 your parents can determine how your body metabolism(新陈代谢) copes with particular foods. The tendency to put on weight rather easily, for example, often runs in families which means that they have to take particular care. And your parents may shape your future in another way. The way you are brought
27、up shapes some basic attitudes to foodlike whether you have a sweet tooth, nibble (吃零食) between meals, take big mouthfuls or eat chips with everything. Eating habits, good or bad, tend to get passed on. And then there is your lifestyle. How much you spend on food (time as well as money) , how much e
28、xercise you getthese can alter the balance between food and fitness. And finally, both your age and your sex may affect this balance. For example, youre more likely to put on weight as you get older, especially if youre a woman. So everybody is different and the important thing is to know yourself.（
29、分数：10.00）(1).Before eating something, we are advised to consider_.（分数：2.00）A.how good it will tasteB.whether we really need itC.why we want to eat itD.if we have eaten too much of it(2).We can infer from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.in order to keep fit, we should spend as little time and money as p
30、ossible on foodB.nibbling between meals is a bad habit that will throw our body out of conditionC.if other members of our family get fat quite easily, we probably will tooD.we can eat as much as we want and leave it to our body to select what it needs(3).If we love sweet things, its probably due to
31、-_.（分数：2.00）A.our bodys needsB.our parents influenceC.our basic instinctD.the taste of the food(4).According to the passage, which person is most likely to put on weight?（分数：2.00）A.A successful young businessman.B.A child who is picky about food.C.A man with a good appetite.D.A woman who has just re
32、tired,(5).What conclusion can we draw from this passage?（分数：2.00）A.People need a standard to guide their eating.B.Proper eating is the key to ones health.C.Women should pay more attention to what they eat.D.The balance between food and fitness is hard to maintain.（英语类考生必做） Mrs. P sneezes violently.
33、Mrs. Q says “Bless you!“ Mrs. P says “Thank you. “ Again, this hardly seems to be a case of language being used to communicate ideas, but rather to maintain a comfortable relationship between people. Its function is to provide a means of avoiding a situation which both parties might otherwise find e
34、mbarrassing. No factual content is involved. Similarly, the use of such phrases as “Good morning“ or “Pleased to meet you“ , and ritual exchanges about health or the weather, do not communicate ideas in the usual sense. Sentences of this kind are usually automatically produced, and stereotyped in st
35、ructure. They often state the obvious(e. g. “Lovely day“ ) or have no content at all(e. g. “Hello“) . They certainly require a special kind of explanation, and this is found in the idea that language is here being used for the purpose of maintaining good relationship between people. The anthropologi
36、st(人类学家) Bronislaw Malinowski created the phrase “phatic communication“ to refer to this social function of language, which arises out of the basic human need to signal friendshipor, at least, lack of hatred. For someone to withhold these sentences when they are expected, by staying silent, is a sur
37、e-sign of distance, alienation(疏远) , or even danger. These illustrations apply to English and to many European languages. But cultures vary greatly in the topics which they permit as phatic communication. The weather is not as universal a conversation-filler as the English might like to think. For e
38、xample, Rundi women (In Burundi, Central Africa) , upon taking leave, are quite often heard to say, routinely and politely, “I must go home now, or my husband will beat me. “ Moreover, phatic communication itself is far from universal. Some cultures say little; and prefer silence, as in the case of
39、the Paliyans of southern India, or the American of Colombia.（分数：10.00）(1).What is the subject of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Language used to communicate ideas.B.Differences between English and other languages.C.A special social function of language use.D.Relationship between language and culture.(2).In
40、Paragraph 1, the author implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.people usually think language is only used to communicate ideasB.the exchange about health or the weather is a universal topicC.people will always say something when facing embarrassmentD.the example of Mrs. P and Mrs. Q is common in all cultures(3).T
41、he phrase “stereotyped in structure“ in Paragraph 2 probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.sentences of this kind have a variety of meaningsB.this kind of sentences have no content at allC.the structure of these sentences is always changingD.sentences of this kind usually have a fixed structure(4).The phrase “p
42、hatic communication“ in Paragraph 3 can be explained as_.（分数：2.00）A.exchange of ideasB.explanation of factsC.exchange about health or the weatherD.exchange for maintaining social relationship(5).In the last paragraph, the author concludes that_.（分数：2.00）A.the weather is a universal topic for human c
43、ommunicationB.phatic communication differs from culture to cultureC.the English and people in many other European countries have common language for phatic communicationD.every culture has its own way to communicate ideas二、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：40，分数：80.00)1.His salary as a bus driver is much hig
44、her than_.（分数：2.00）A.that of a teacherB.those of a teacherC.these of a teacherD.this of a teacher2.While Tim was walking in the street, he came_an old classmate of his.（分数：2.00）A.intoB.acrossC.ontoD.up with3.Hardly_making the speech when the people stood up applauding.（分数：2.00）A.has the speaker fini
45、shedB.the speaker had finishedC.had the speaker finishedD.had finished the speaker4.Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on_.（分数：2.00）A.consciousnessB.instinctC.impulseD.reaction5.If you_in taking this annoying attitude, well have to ask yo
46、u to leave.（分数：2.00）A.persistB.insistC.resistD.assist6.There are not many teachers who are strong_ of traditional methods in English teaching.（分数：2.00）A.sponsorsB.advocatesC.contributorsD.performers7.Please see to it_no one comes in without identification.（分数：2.00）A.thatB.lestC.whenD.which8.We had_e
47、nough Russian to be able to read the instructions.（分数：2.00）A.set upB.picked upC.taken upD.made up9.Only those who are_of their lagging behind are more likely to catch up.（分数：2.00）A.awakeB.visualC.awareD.illusive10.It is suggested that smoking_in public places.（分数：2.00）A.will not be allowedB.was not
48、allowedC.not be allowedD.is not allowed11.In_ to the Partys call, a great number of doctors and nurses went to the frondine to fight the flood.（分数：2.00）A.returnB.admissionC.orderD.response12.You could not persuade him to accept it, _ make him see the importance of it.（分数：2.00）A.no more than you coul
49、dB.if only you could notC.nor could youD.or you could not13.The 20-year-old tennis players dream is to_China at 200Beijing Olympic Games.（分数：2.00）A.supportB.presentC.representD.compete14.Britain is proud of her great poets; just as Italy is proud of her painters, and Germany _of her composers.（分数：2.00）A./B.isC.proudD.as15.It is no use just telling me to do it;suggest some_ways to do it.（分数：2.00）A.activeB.positiveC.passiv
