1、2014 年山东专升本（英语）真题试卷及答案解析(总分：162.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：30，分数：60.00)1.The improvements in technology have_the prices of computer considerably in recent months.（分数：2.00）A.brought backB.brought downC.brought onD.brought up2.As the managers private secretary, Helen has easy_to all his
2、correspondence.（分数：2.00）A.accessB.approachC.accentD.response3.The editor asked his journalists not to_any details in their reports of the accident（分数：2.00）A.leave forB.leave onC.leave offD.leave out4.The party had to be_because the host went down with a bad case of flu.（分数：2.00）A.called inB.called o
3、ffC.called onD.called up5.Since his wife died, he has_himself into the research work.（分数：2.00）A.devotedB.dedicatedC.thrownD.contributed6.He has spent all his life working with mentally_people.（分数：2.00）A.disabledB.divergedC.nakedD.abolished7.The road to the island only appears when the tide has_.（分数：
4、2.00）A.sprinkledB.recededC.tiltedD.diminished8.Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to_ the impact of the oil spill.（分数：2.00）A.rejectB.belittleC.minimizeD.reclaim9.I would always_ buying a good quality car rather than a cheap one.（分数：2.00）A.appreciateB.approveC.introduceD.recomm
5、end10.I didnt know anything about any of the books so my choice was quite_.（分数：2.00）A.arbitraryB.obviousC.evidentD.fortunate11.I followed her_but I still couldnt work out how to use the sewing machine.（分数：2.00）A.descriptionB.introductionC.instructionsD.comments12.Employees are_to join the companys p
6、ension plan after a years service.（分数：2.00）A.compelledB.acquiredC.respondedD.regarded13.She soon_the actor who had starred in the popular movie Speed.（分数：2.00）A.specifiedB.realizedC.justifiedD.identified14.We collected hundreds of_in support of not allowing cars into the city centre.（分数：2.00）A.signa
7、turesB.awarenessC.stationeryD.statements15.The young man struggled to_where he was at the time the murder took place.（分数：2.00）A.reflectB.respondC.resolveD.recall16.All the while he was terrified by the fear_he had cancer of the stomach.（分数：2.00）A.whichB.thatC.whatD.such17.People found to their horro
8、r that two-thirds of the adult population in that area had_AIDS.（分数：2.00）A.contactedB.contrastedC.contractedD.compacted18.Though faced with many difficulties, he would not_online learning.（分数：2.00）A.give upB.get throughC.get byD.give in19.As National Day is round the corner, Shanghai is_a festive at
9、mosphere.（分数：2.00）A.looked onB.involved inC.bathed inD.surrounded with20.He is so kind and easy-going that the kids go_him in a big way.（分数：2.00）A.forB.toC.withD.off21.She seemed to be aware of the delicacy of the situation and she was taking great care not to say anything to_ her companion.（分数：2.00
10、）A.ignoreB.neglectC.charmD.embarrass22.The obvious unfairness of such poverty side by side with conspicuous affluence reminded them of their _ parents back home.（分数：2.00）A.vulnerableB.destructiveC.criticalD.sentimental23.Writing a letter or reading a book may appear to be _ activities in which indiv
11、iduals exercise personal skills.（分数：2.00）A.scarceB.sophisticatedC.solitaryD.sincere24.He took her hand and felt the scar on her thumb, _of an accident with a kitchen knife in the early days of their marriage.（分数：2.00）A.modeB.premiseC.signatureD.legacy25.As each black creature_and flapped away into t
12、he graying sky, she watched it, tears in her eyes.（分数：2.00）A.flutteredB.featuredC.fussedD.ferried26.The moment seemed to _ out endlessly, his gaze travelling across her face, her neck, her shoulder, returning to her eyes.（分数：2.00）A.stretchB.expandC.skipD.slip27.Although the poem contains such pessim
13、istic overtones and pathetic acceptance of fate, there is hope to be found in the last two lines which seem to be_from the rest.（分数：2.00）A.taken apartB.set asideC.set apartD.fallen apart28.His aim was to_pride in being black and to inspire black Americans to campaign for equal rights.（分数：2.00）A.resp
14、ondB.restoreC.restrainD.retreat29.A class is said rather vaguely to_group of persons sharing similar occupations and incomes, and as a consequence similar life-styles and beliefs.（分数：2.00）A.consist ofB.contrast withC.contribute inD.composed of30.The couple have tried hard to save their troubled marr
15、iage_their childrea（分数：2.00）A.in contrast toB.rather thanC.for the sake ofD.regardless of二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：40.00)How much living space does a person need? What happens when his space requirements are not adequately met? Sociologists and psychologists are conducting experiments on rats
16、to try to determine the effect of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have adequate living space, they eat well, sleep well, and reproduce well. However, if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior
17、 patterns and even their health perceptibly change. They cannot sleep or eat well, and signs of fear and tension become obvious. The more crowded they are, the more they tend to bite each other even kill each other. Thus for rats, population and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law f
18、or human society as well? Is adequate space not only desirable, but also essential for human survival?（分数：8.00）(1).This passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.living space and behaviorB.population and living conditionsC.interesting experiments on ratsD.natural law for human society(2).What is the purpo
19、se of the experiments described in the passage?（分数：2.00）A.To determine how much living space a rat needs.B.To see what happens when rats live in a limited space.C.To know the likely effects of inadequate living space on human beings.D.To find out the relationship between population and living condit
20、ions.(3).How would rats behave when their living conditions become too crowded?（分数：2.00）A.They eat a lot and become friendly to others.B.They sleep little and act quite peacefully.C.They eat little but sleep soundly.D.They become nervous and tend to be war-like.(4).The passage suggests that overcrow
21、ded conditions_.（分数：2.00）A.are directly related with populationB.may cause an increase in violenceC.may lead to high birth rateD.may bring about pollution problemsMany people hope that the whole world will one day speak a common language. Over the years, people have made up new languages with this a
22、im. At least six hundred languages have been developed in the search for a language which all human beings would be able to speak. The most famous one, Esperanto(世界语), was the idea of Ludwig Zamenhof, a doctor in Warsaw. He published a book about his new language in 1887. To encourage people to lear
23、n the Language, he made it as simple as possible. Esperanto has never been accepted as an official world language, but it has been suggested as an auxiliary language. By 1950 it had been taught to one and a half million speakers,and it was spoken in six hundred schools. Today Esperanto is spoken by
24、about eight million people, and more than one hundred newspapers and magazines in the language are published regularly throughout the world. Thousands of books have been written in Esperanto, including those translated from other languages. Today the need for a new auxiliary language like Esperanto
25、seems less obvious. Throughout this century English has grown more and more important. It has become a second language for many millions of people. The fact that more are learning English shows that the use of English is still growing worldwide. No one would deny the usefulness of a world language,
26、but not many people think that Esperanto is likely to play such a role.（分数：8.00）(1).Over the years, people have made up new languages in the hope that_.（分数：2.00）A.all people will be able to speak a common languageB.people will learn a foreign language betterC.people can understand each other betterD
27、.people will be able to speak several languages(2).Zamenhof made the language as simple as possible because_.（分数：2.00）A.he wanted people to learn it quicklyB.he hoped more and more people would be willing to learn itC.he wanted everyone to speak it without any difficultyD.he hoped it would be accept
28、ed as an official world language(3).Which of the following is NOT true of English?（分数：2.00）A.It is widely taught in schools.B.It has become a second language for many millions of people.C.Many books have been written in English.D.It is less popular than Esperanto.(4).What is the best title of the pa
29、ssage?（分数：2.00）A.The language made by one man.B.A talk about the world language.C.English as a second language for everyone.D.Esperantoa better language than English.After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll
30、could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25 000 victims. Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4: 31 a. m. on a holiday, when traffic w
31、as light on the citys highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the citys buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes. Despite the good news, civil engineers arent resting on their successes. Pinned to the
32、ir drawing boards are blueprints for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place. In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaki
33、ng. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures r
34、espond like living organisms to an earthquakes vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less
35、likely to be damaged during earthquake.（分数：8.00）(1).One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low was that_.（分数：2.00）A.new computers had been installed in the buildingsB.it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highwaysC.large numbers of Los Ange
36、les residents had gone for a holidayD.improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways(2).The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to_.（分数：2.00）A.counterbalance an earthquakes action on the buildingB.predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracyC.help stre
37、ngthen the foundation of the buildingD.measure the impact of an earthquakes vibrations(3).It can be inferred from the passage that in minimizing the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on_.（分数：2.00）A.the increasing use of rubber and steel in capital constructionB.the development
38、 of flexible building materialsC.the reduction of the impact of ground vibrationsD.early forecasts of earthquakes(4).The main purpose of this passage is mostly to_.（分数：2.00）A.compare the consequences of the earthquakes that occurred in the USB.encourage civil engineers to make extensive use of compu
39、tersC.outline the history of the development of quake-resistant building materialsD.report new developments in constructing quake-resistant buildingsA)The desire to keep the respect of a good name propelled me to become the first in our family to go to college.B)Shielding children from the knowledge
40、 that they have failed is anything but beneficial to their developmentC)We must waken people to the importance of environmental protection. Or it will be too late.D)To start with, it is not only money that he works so hard for. He is committed to educating the young and tries to motivate them to get
41、 ahead in life.（分数：8.00）(1).首先，他如此努力工作并非只是为了钱，他一心为了教育青年人并设法激励他们在各面取得进步。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).要保持好名声所赢得的那份尊重，这一渴求促使我成为全家第一个上大学的人。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).我们必须唤醒人们认识到环境保护的重要性。否则，就为时太晚了。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).庇护孩子不让他们知道自己已经失败对于他们的成长是绝对无益的。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.A)The only thing neighbors have in common to begin wit
42、h is proximity, and unless something more develops, that isnt reason enough to be best friends.B)As I look back, its clear that he had deliberately kept all of that hidden from us to avoid spoiling our fuaC)Though grateful for the gentle employment, he didnt really see who had a gift for writing sho
43、uld necessarily be able to teach.D)For a shy man, his gregarious generosity of spirit was remarkable.（分数：8.00）(1).现在回想起来，他是故意不让我们知道，免得扫了大家的兴。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).尽管他对拥有这份体面的工作心存感激，但是他并不真正认为具有写作天才的人一定能够教书。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).对于一个腼腆的人而言，他爱交际的慷慨精神尤其难能可贵。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).一开始，邻居们唯一的公共点就是住得近，只有进一步发展关
44、系，才有足够的理由成为最好的朋友。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.三、Translation(总题数：12，分数：20.00)31.Section ADirections: Translate the following English into Chinese._32.Recent studies have shown that the hehavior of rats is greatly affected by space.（分数：2.00）_33.At least six hundred languages have been developed in the search for
45、a language which all human beings would be able to speak.（分数：2.00）_34.Throughout this century English has grown more and more important. It has become a second language for many millions of people.（分数：2.00）_35.By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25 00
46、0 victims.（分数：2.00）_36.The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.（分数：2.00）_37.Section BDirections: Translate the following Chinese into English._38.我过去常常浪费很多时间玩游戏。（分数：2.00）_39.理论上说，你的计划听上去不错，但实际上行得通吗?（分数：2.00）_40.小女孩的歌声给老人带来了欢乐，帮助他忍受住种种生活的艰辛。（分数：2.00）_41.这个倔强的男孩不愿意听从父母的忠告。（分数：2.00）_
