1、专升本英语模拟 415 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、 Phonetics(总题数：5，分数：5.00)A.surprisedB.pleasedC.refusedD.increasedA.dumbB.establishC.debtD.doubtfulA.chimneyB.chalkC.changeD.schoolA.warB.farmerC.largerD.cartA.cropB.hotC.properD.stomach二、 Vocabulary and Str(总题数：15，分数：15.00)6.In 2008,27 people were arrested be
2、cause of the contaminated (有毒的) milk powder _.（分数：1.00）A.incidentB.accidentC.eventD.occurence7.Don“t put off until tomorrow _ should be done today.（分数：1.00）A.thatB.whatC.isD.when8.He had a pain _ his back.（分数：1.00）A.onB.withC.inD.onto9.They talked and talked as if they _ never meet again.（分数：1.00）A.
3、willB.wouldC.shouldD.shall10.You cannot ignore the situation forever, one day you will have to _ the consequences of your act.（分数：1.00）A.look up toB.wake up toC.stand up toD.face up to11.Open the window, _.（分数：1.00）A.do youB.don“t youC.will youD.won“t you12.He spoke so quickly that I did not _ what
4、he said.（分数：1.00）A.catchB.acceptC.takeD.listen13.More _, less speed.（分数：1.00）A.hurryB.rushC.quicknessD.haste14.At the bus stop _ a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina.（分数：1.00）A.wereB.wasC.isD.sits and waits15.The police chief ordered that parking _ on Main Street during the
5、rush hour.（分数：1.00）A.be prohibitedB.be prohibitingC.is prohibitedD.was prohibited16.This is one of the most beautiful pictures of scenery that _ displayed here.（分数：1.00）A.isB.areC.has beenD.have been17.The gardener was called in to tell the way _ the poor dog had died.（分数：1.00）A./B.in thatC.whichD.b
6、y which18.Somebody _ here only this morning.（分数：1.00）A.must beB.can beC.must have beenD.should have been19.Children should be taught how to get along with _.（分数：1.00）A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.any other20.Water is _ hydrogen and oxygen.（分数：1.00）A.made upB.made up ofC.made byD.making by三、 Cloze(总题数：1，
7、分数：30.00)What is intelligence (智力) anyway? When I was in the army I 1 an intelligence test that all soldiers took, and, against 2 of 100, scored 160. I had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not 3 have scored more than 80. 4 , when anything went wrong with my car I hurr
8、ied to himand he always 5 it. Well, then, suppose my auto-repair man designed questions for some intelligence tests. By every one of them I“d prove myself a 6 . In a world where I have to work with my hands, I“d do poorly. Consider my auto-repair man 7 . He had a habit of telling jokes. One time he
9、said, “Doc, a deaf-and-dumb (聋哑) man 8 some nails. Having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made 9 movements with the other hand. The clerk brought him a hammer. He 10 his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk brought him some nails. He picked
10、out the right size and left. Well, Doc, the 11 man who came in was blind. He wanted scissors (剪刀). 12 do you suppose he asked for them?“ I lifted my right hand and made scissoring movements with my first two fingers. He burst out laughing and said,“ Why, you fool, he used his voice and asked for the
11、m. I“ve been 13 that on all my customers today, but I knew 14 I“d catch you.“ “Why is that?“ I asked. “Because you are so goddamned educated, Doc. I knew you couldn“t be very 15 “ And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there.（分数：30.00）A.failedB.wroteC.receivedD.choseA.an averageB.a totalC.an
12、examD.a numberA.alwaysB.possiblyC.certainlyD.frequentlyA.ThenB.ThusC.ThereforeD.YetA.fixedB.checkedC.droveD.changedA.teacherB.doctorC.winnerD.foolA.againB.as usualC.tooD.as wellA.boughtB.testedC.foundD.neededA.cuttingB.hammeringC.wavingD.circlingA.noddedB.raisedC.shookD.turnedA.cleverB.otherC.rightD
13、.nextA.WhatB.HowC.WhoD.WhichA.tryingB.provingC.practicingD.examiningA.for sureB.at onceC.in factD.right nowA.clearB.sillyC.slowD.smart四、 Reading Comprehens(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Banks are not ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts; they rely on depositors (储户) not to demand
14、 payment all at the same time. If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not safe, that it cannot pay off all its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day. If they did, the bank could not pay all accounts. However, if they did not all appear at once,
15、 then there would always be enough money to pay those who wanted their money when they wanted it. Mrs. Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced. One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs. Vaught lived. The other banks expected a run th
16、e next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs. Vaught worked as a teller had enough money on hand to pay off their depositors. The officers simply told the tellers to pay on demand. The next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside. The length of the line made many
17、 think that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone. People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers“ windows. The power of the panic atmosphere was such that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was quite all right and could pay all depositors, drew their own money fr
18、om the bank. Mrs. Vaught says that she had difficulty keeping herself from doing the same.（分数：12.00）(1).A bank run happens when _.（分数：3.00）A.a bank is closed for one or more daysB.too many depositors try to draw out their money at one timeC.there is not enough money to pay all its depositors at one
19、timeD.tellers of a bank take their own money from the bank(2).The main cause of a bank run is _.（分数：3.00）A.loss of confidenceB.lack of moneyC.crowds of peopleD.inexperienced tellers(3).Which of the following did Mrs. Vaught say?（分数：3.00）A.She knew that the bank was not sound.B.She feared that too ma
20、ny depositors drawing their money would close the bank.C.She was not able to draw out her money.D.She was tempted to draw out her money.(4).According to the passage, the actions of the depositors of Mrs. Vaught“s bank were affected mainly by the _.（分数：3.00）A.ease with which they could get their mone
21、yB.confidence that Mrs. Vaught showedC.failure of several other banks to openD.confidence shown by other depositors of the bank六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：12.00)Copernicus was born in Torun, Poland, on February 19, 1473. Little is known about his early life except that his father died when he was 10. An
22、uncle adopted him, his two sisters, and his brother. The uncle saw to it that the two boys received a good education. Copernicus went to the University of Cracow. There he studied such subjects as Latin, mathematics, and astronomy. It was probably at that time that he changed his Polish name, Niklas
23、 Koppernigk, to the Latin form of Nicolaus Copernicus. In 1496 Copernicus went to Italy, where he spent the next 10 years studying at various universities. In Copernicus“ time people still believed that all thingsthe sun, the stars, and the planets moved around the earth. It was an old belief that f
24、ew men had ever questioned. Aristotle had based his theory of astronomy on this belief. Because the Church had long been the center of learning, the theory was also linked to religious beliefs. In 1506 Copernicus returned to his homeland. A few years later he began to work for the Church. All those
25、years Copernicus carried on his work in astronomy. He had just the most basic equipment and, like other scientists of his day, made observations with only his eyes. Still, using mathematics and logic, Copernicus worked out a different theory, which held that the planets went around the sun. Copernic
26、us did not announce his ideas. He did not want to make trouble. But he could not hide the scientific truth. So he talked about his theory with his friends, who strongly advised him to have his work published. His great book, On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies, appeared at the very end of his
27、life. Copernicus saw the first copy on the day he died, May 24, 1543.（分数：12.00）(1).From the passage we can see that astronomy is _.（分数：3.00）A.the life experience of great menB.the movement of the stars and the planetsC.the scientific study of natural objects in spaceD.the theories developed by scien
28、tists of old times(2).Copernicus developed his theory _.（分数：3.00）A.using various telescopesB.based on Aristotle“s beliefsC.through observations and reasoningD.under the encouragement of his friends(3).The writer of the passage wants us to know that _.（分数：3.00）A.Copernicus did not tell about his disc
29、overy until the day of his deathB.for many years Copernicus dared to do nothing openly against the ChurchC.pushed by his friends Copernicus decided to write a book in May 1543D.shortly before he got back to Poland Copernicus started to work for the Church(4).Copernicus had his great book published b
30、ecause _.（分数：3.00）A.he didn“t agree with AristotleB.he could not hide the scientific truthC.he worked for the ChurchD.his friends advised him to do so七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：12.00)In ancient times wealth was measured and exchanged in things that could be touched: food, tools, and precious metals an
31、d stones. Then the barter system was replaced by coins, which still had real value since they were pieces of rare metal. Coins were followed by fiat money, paper notes that have value only because everyone agrees to accept them. Today electronic monetary systems are gradually being introduced that w
32、ill transform money into even less tangible forms, reducing it to a series of “bits and bytes“, or units of computerized information, going between machines at the speed of light. Already, electronic fund transfer allows money to be instantly sent and received by different banks, companies, and coun
33、tries through computers and telecommunications devices.（分数：12.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following was the earliest kind of exchange of wealth?（分数：3.00）A.Bartered goods.B.Fiat money.C.Coin currency.D.Intangible forms.(2).The author mentions food, tools and precious metals and ston
34、es together because they are all _.（分数：3.00）A.useful itemsB.articles of valueC.difficult things to obtainD.material objects(3).According to the passage, coins once had real value as currency because they _.（分数：3.00）A.represented a great improvement over barterB.permitted easy transportation of wealt
35、hC.were made of precious metalsD.could become collector“s items(4).Which of the following statements about computerized monetary systems is NOT supported by the passage?（分数：3.00）A.They promote international trade.B.They allow very rapid money transfers.C.They are still limited to small transactions(
36、交易).D.They are dependent on good telecommunications systems.八、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：12.00)There has been, in history, a man who was swallowed by a whale and lived to tell the tale. The man“s name is James Bartley. The records to prove his unusual experience are in the British Admiralty. Bartley was
37、making his first trip on the whaling ship Star of the East. Suddenly the lookout sighted a huge sperm whale. The whalers knew it was a huge whale by the size of the spray it blew into the air. They lowered their small boats. James Bartley was in the first longboat. The men rowed until they were clos
38、e to the whale. A harpoon was thrown and it found its mark. It sank into the whale“s flesh. The maddened beast crashed into the boat, snapping its tail at the men and the wreckage of their boats. When the survivors were picked up, James Bartley was missing. Shortly before sunset, the whale was final
39、ly captured. The sailors tied the whale“s dead body to the side of the ship. Because of the hot weather it was important that they cut up the whale right away. Otherwise, the meat would begin to rot and the oil would begin to spoil. When they got to the stomach, they felt something moving about wild
40、ly. They thought it would be a big fish still alive inside. But when they opened the stomach they found James Bartley. After this trip, Bartley settled in England, and never returned to sea.（分数：12.00）(1).This passage is mainly about _.（分数：3.00）A.how to hunt whales for their oil and meatB.the hard an
41、d dangerous lives that whalers had to liveC.the duties of each man on a whaling shipD.a man who was swallowed by a whale and lived(2).The sailors knew that something was in the whale“s stomach because _.（分数：3.00）A.they could feel it moving about wildlyB.the whale seemed very heavyC.the whale was swe
42、lling at one spotD.the captain heard Bartley yelling for help(3).James Bartley probably never went to sea again because _.（分数：3.00）A.he wanted different kinds of adventuresB.of fright and shockC.he was crippled by the whaleD.he often got seasick(4).The author, in telling James Bartley“s story, infor
43、ms us by _.（分数：3.00）A.narrating the plain factsB.referring to whaling in generalC.comparing whaling to other fishingD.dramatically telling what happened九、Passage Five(总题数：1，分数：12.00)This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell Unive
44、rsity. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry.“ This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many nonscience students? What can teachers learn about teaching if they tak
45、e a class that is not in their field? The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thingthe importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and dra
46、wings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instructors just talked. They didn“t write anything on the board. The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers (层次) of meaning. Some layers are simple, clear, and
47、on the surface; other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesn“t happen much in undergraduate (本科) science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities (人文科学). Both the poetry instructors and their stu
48、dents learned something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using careful, clear definitions (定义) when he explains a poem. He also plans to be more informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, human
49、ities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students.“ But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this: All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better.（分数：12.00）(1).What do we know about this unu
