1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 60及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark
2、your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England. “One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third
3、cuts it, a fourth points it, and a fifth gives it a head. Just to make the head requires two or three different operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will s
4、ometimes perform two or three of them. Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4,800 pins a worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one
5、. There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this, but he also took it for granted that division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and development and it accounts for the difference between exp
6、anding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor adds nothing new, it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to_.（分数：2.00）A.take advantage of the physical laborB.introduce the division of
7、 labor into EnglandC.understand the effects of the division of laborD.explain the bad causes of the division of labor(2).Adam Smith saw that the division of labor_.（分数：2.00）A.enabled each worker to design pins more quicklyB.increased the possible output per workerC.increased the number of people emp
8、loyed in factoriesD.improved the quality of pins produced(3).Adam Smith mentioned the number 4,800 in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.show the advantages of the old labor systemB.stress how powerful the individual worker wasC.show the advantages of the division of laborD.stress the importance of increased prod
9、uction(4).According to the writer, Adam Smiths mistake was in believing that the division of labor_.（分数：2.00）A.was an efficient way of organizing work,B.was an important development in methods of productionC.finally led to economic developmentD.increased the production of existing goods(5).According
10、 to the writer, which one of the following is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Division of labor can enable fewer people to make more pins.B.Division of labor helps people to produce more of what they already have.C.Division of labor is by no means responsible for economic growth.D.Division of labor is an effici
11、ent way of organizing work.When we talk about intelligence we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving, especially in a new or upsetting situation. If we want to test intelligen
12、ce, we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do. For instance, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can, and then he acts immediately and tries to do som
13、ething about it. He probably isnt sure how it will all work out, but at least he tries. And, if he cant make things work out right, he doesnt feel ashamed that he failed: he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person, even if he is very young, has a special outlook on life, a speci
14、al feeling about life, and knows how he fits into it. If you look at children, youll see great difference between what we call “bright“ children and “not-bright“ children. They are actually two different kinds of people, not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence. For example, the
15、bright child really wants to find out about life and he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But, the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world; he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.（分数：10.00）(1).According to this passage, intelligence is_.（分数：
16、2.00）A.the ability to study wellB.the ability to do well in schoolC.the ability to deal with lifeD.the ability to get high scores on some tests(2).In a new situation, an intelligent person_.（分数：2.00）A.knows more about what might happen to himB.is sure of the result he will getC.concentrates on what
17、to do about the situationD.cares more about himself(3).If an intelligent person failed, he would_.（分数：2.00）A.try not to feel ashamedB.learn from his experiencesC.try to regret as much as possibleD.make sure what result he would get(4).Bright children and not-bright children_.（分数：2.00）A.are two diffe
18、rent types of childrenB.are different mainly in their degree of clevernessC.have difference only in their way of thinkingD.have different knowledge about the world(5).The author of this passage will probably continue to talk about_.（分数：2.00）A.how to determine what intelligence isB.how education shou
19、ld be foundC.how to solve practical problemsD.how an unintelligent person should be taughtHuman needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view. The many needs of mankind mig
20、ht be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears. The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World
21、 War II, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses. By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared; the “life-enrichin
22、g“ level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury“ items. Among th
23、em are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing. On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fift
24、h level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level? A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disea
25、se, ignorance, crim, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, man will begin to
26、 think about such needs as housing and clothing only when_.（分数：2.00）A.he has saved up enough moneyB.he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelterC.he has satisfied his hungerD.he has learned to build houses(2).It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War II , most Americans_.
27、（分数：2.00）A.were very richB.lived in povertyC.had the good things on the first three levelsD.did not own automobiles(3).Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction“?（分数：2.00）A.A successful career.B.A comfortable home.C.A good meal.D.A family car.(4).What is the main concern of man
28、 on the fourth level?（分数：2.00）A.The more goods the better.B.The more mental satisfaction the better.C.The more “luxury“ items the better.D.The more earnings the better.(5).The author tends to think that the fifth level_.（分数：2.00）A.would be little better than the fourth levelB.may be a lot more desir
29、able than the first fourC.can be the last and most satisfying levelD.will become attainable before the government takes actionsNewspapers are not nearly as popular today as they were in the past. There are not very many people who seriously read a newspaper every day. Most people read only the sport
30、s pages, the advice or gossip columns, the comics, and perhaps the classified advertisements. Most people dont take the time to read the real news. Newspaper editors say that their readers are lazy. They say they have to trick people into reading the news. They attempt to catch the readers interest
31、with pictures and exciting headlines. These techniques are used on the front page because it is the first thing you see when you pick up the paper. The first page attracts attention and encourages the reader to look through the rest of the paper. This is why editors always look for a good first page
32、 story and headlines that make you stop and look. If the headline is horrible enough or frightening enough or wild enough, perhaps you will go on to read the rest of the story. Just the same, there are a lot of people who do not even read the front page anymore. They may read the headlines, but that
33、 is all. Then they turn to the sports page, or comics, or advertisements. It seems that people do not want the news from a newspaper anymore. They say they get the news on the television now. More people watch television news because it is easier and. more interesting than reading a newspaper. What
34、about you? Do you read news from a newspaper? Do you watch the news on television? Do you think it easier to get the news from television? Do you listen to the radio? Or do you even care about news at all? Would you mind if there were no news?（分数：10.00）(1).According to the writer, newspapers are _.（
35、分数：2.00）A.more popular todayB.less popular todayC.as popular as beforeD.getting more and more popular(2).Editors think the important part of the paper is_.（分数：2.00）A.the headlinesB.the sports pageC.the front pageD.the classified advertisements(3).According to the article, most people read all of the
36、 following except _.（分数：2.00）A.the real newsB.the sports pageC.comicsD.advertisements(4).Today more people get news from_.（分数：2.00）A.newspapersB.radioC.televisionD.both A and B(5).The authors attitude toward newspaper is_.（分数：2.00）A.sympatheticB.criticalC.negative .D.undeterminedBy adopting a few si
37、mple techniques, parents who read to their children can greatly increase their childrens language development. It is surprising but true. How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the childrens language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the
38、parent is reading, the childs language skills increase. A study was done with 30 three-year-old children and their parents. Half of the children participated in the experimental study; the other half acted as the control group. In the experimental group, the parents were given a two-hour training se
39、ssion in which they were taught to ask open-ended questions rather than yes-or-no questions For example, the parent should ask, “What is the doggie doing?“ rather than “Is the doggie running away?“ The parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how t
40、o suggest alternative possibilities and how to praise correct answers. At the beginning of the study, the children did not differ in measures of language development, but at the end of one month, the children in the experimental group showed 5. 5 months ahead of the control group on a test of verbal
41、 expression and vocabulary. Nine months later, the children in the experimental group still showed an advance of 6 months over the children in the control group.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Children who talk a lot are more intelligent.B.Parents who
42、 listen to their children can teach them more.C.Active children should read more and be given more attention.D.Verbal ability can easily be developed with proper methods.(2).What does “it“ in line 2 can most probably be replaced by?（分数：2.00）A.Parents increasing childrens language development.B.Readi
43、ng techniques being simple.C.Parents reading to children.D.Childrens intelligence development.(3).According to the author, which of the following questions is the best type to ask children about?（分数：2.00）A.Do you see the elephant?B.Is the elephant in the cage?C.What animals do you like?D.Shall we go
44、 to the zoo?(4).The difference between the control group and the experimental group was_.（分数：2.00）A.the training that parents receivedB.the age of the childrenC.the books that were readD.the number of the children(5).The best conclusion we can draw from the passage is that_.（分数：2.00）A.parents should
45、 be trained to read to their childrenB.the more children read, the more intelligent they will becomeC.childrens language skills increase when they are required to respond activelyD.children who read actively seem six months older专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 60答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数
46、：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（
47、分数：10.00）_解析：Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England. “One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, and a fifth gives it a head. Just to mak
48、e the head requires two or three different operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them. Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4,800 pins a worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one. There can be no doubt that division of l
