1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 68 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark
2、 your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_Before 1945, hardly anyone outside of New Mexico had ever heard of Alamogordo. In 1960 its population numbered 21,723. Ever since 1898, when the town had been built by the Southern Pacific Railroad, Alamogordo had bee
3、n a lonely town. The land around it was largely desert, and largely empty. Because it was isolated and because the weather was almost always clear and beautiful; a spot of desert near Alamogordo was chosen as the test site for the first atomic bomb ever exploded. The secret name of the test was Zero
4、. At dawn on July 16, 1945, the atomic bomb was set off. Observers agreed that they had witnessed something unlike anything ever seen by men before: a huge colorful fireball, more brilliant than the sun, flashing as it rose for miles into the air. Never before had men released so much power at one t
5、ime, nor had any nation ever possessed a weapon as terrible and destructive as the atomic bomb. For several weeks, the test was kept secret. When an atomic bomb was dropped from an American plane on Hiroshima, Japan, newspapers and radio stations all over America told of the test of the bomb in New
6、Mexico. Almost everybody was amazed to learn where the bomb had been made and tested; the deserts of the Southwest had hidden the secret well. When news of the atomic bomb and its destructiveness was announced, people all over the world wondered what other new weapons were being prepared in New Mexi
7、co desert. Some people doubted that the secret making atomic bombs could be kept from other countries. Some even doubted the wisdom of using so powerful a weapon. But no one doubted that a new kind of warand a new kind of worldhad begun at Alamogordo, one summer morning in 1946.（分数：10.00）(1).What is
8、 the main topic of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.The secret of Alamogordo.B.A new kind of war.C.The destructive force of the first atomic bomb.D.The selection of the test site for the first atomic bomb.(2).Which of the following is the main reason for choosing Alamogordo as the test site?（分数：2.00）A.It alw
9、ays had an enjoyable climate.B.It was connected to other cities by a railway.C.Its location would hide the secret well.D.It was situated in southwestern New Mexico.(3).When was the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima?（分数：2.00）A.As soon as the secret was revealed.B.At dawn on July 16, 1945.C.Immediately
10、 after the test.D.Several weeks after the test.(4).After the first atomic bomb explosion, everybody agreed that_.（分数：2.00）A.it was wise to choose Alamogordo as the test siteB.man had entered the age of nuclear warfareC.it was not wise to use such a powerful weaponD.it was not possible to keep the te
11、chnology of making atomic bombs secret(5).The tone of this passage is one of_.（分数：2.00）A.anxietyB.satisfactionC.encouragementD.fearTelevision has changed the life style of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some int
12、eresting observations have been made. Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most peoples lives. It alters peoples ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains modem life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major
13、transmitter or culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer: the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and enc
14、ourages the life as it exists. The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Th
15、erefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting
16、 society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging. Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same
17、 organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author American television is poor in quality because_.（分数：2.00）A.advertisers are intereste
18、d in experimenting with new ideasB.it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radioC.the programs have to be developed in the interests of the sponsors for economic reasonsD.it is controlled by radio companies(2).The second paragraph is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.TV as the sustain
19、er of American lifeB.TV as the major transmitter of cultureC.the educational effect of TV on societyD.the strong influence and the poor quality of American TV(3).In the authors view American TV should_.（分数：2.00）A.be critical but entertainingB.be creative and educationalC.change with the development
20、of societyD.attract as many viewers as possible(4).The author believes that television in the United States has become important to most people because_.（分数：2.00）A.it promotes family unityB.it helps them develop their speaking abilityC.it affects their life in many waysD.it challenges society(5).The
21、 authors attitude towards American television is_.（分数：2.00）A.criticalB.praisingC.doubtfulD.sympatheticThe sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves; nor is it “foreign“ to any. This was the decision of John Marshall, chief
22、 justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule of the sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters (the waters within three miles of a countrys coast) , the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and
23、whatever the strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime. After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan sh
24、ores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized. All of the seas rules of the road are established by international conferences and treaties.（分数：10.00）(1
25、).The fundamental rule of the sea means that_.（分数：2.00）A.the sea should be equally divided among all the nations in the worldB.any area of the sea belongs to the nation closest to itC.no nation has any sea rightsD.no nation has exclusive right to the open sea(2).The Americans claim to the seals was
26、based on_.（分数：2.00）A.the idea that the seals coming to American shores were American propertyB.the idea that they were international arbitratorsC.the fact that the United States had purchased all the waters of AlaskaD.the fact that the United States had special rights for open-sea areas(3).Internati
27、onal arbitrators decided that_.（分数：2.00）A.Canada had no right to hunt seals of AlaskaB.the Canadians could hunt the seals outside Alaskan territorial watersC.the United States could claim the seals as its propertyD.the Americans could not hunt the seals(4).In peacetime, nations may acquire special r
28、ights on open waters by_.（分数：2.00）A.an agreement with the strongest naval powersB.the decisions of international arbitratorsC.international agreementsD.negotiations with those who own the areas(5).The main idea of this passage is that_.（分数：2.00）A.the law of the sea was stated by John MarshallB.some
29、nations are able to acquire special open sea rightsC.every nation owns its territorial watersD.the laws of the sea are established by international agreementWhat is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, p
30、eople and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist (悲观主义者). This is what psychologists tell us. They tell us, among other facts, that we dont choose our favorite color as we grow upwe are born with
31、our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. Colors do influence our moods; there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one. On the other ha
32、nd, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the areauntil it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done
33、 in pink or baby blue. We often associate a particular color with a piece of music, a book, a play, a person, a number, or a letter. Doesnt 3 look red and 4 yellow? At the beginning of this century a French poet wrote that for him the letter A was always black; E was white, I red, 0 blue, and U gree
34、n. For someone else, U might be deep purple or lemon yellow. A tragic (悲观的) story makes you think of black, red, and gold, while love stories vary from red to pinkor may be light blue? And why did the black American composers of sad jazz music call the songs “blues“? Remember, then, that if you feel
35、 low, you can always brighten your dayor your lifewith a new shirt or a few cans of paint. And dont forget that anyone can guess a lot about your personality when you choose a pair of socks or a lampshade.（分数：10.00）(1).A person who prefers grays and blues is likely to be_.（分数：2.00）A.a leaderB.an opt
36、imistC.a followerD.a psychologist(2).The number of suicide attempts fell sharply after_.（分数：2.00）A.the bridge over the Thames River was repainted pinkB.the bridge over the Thames River was repainted greenC.the bridge over the Thames River had been repainted baby blueD.the bridge over the Thames Rive
37、r had been repainted black(3).Which of the following statements is TRUE about the French poet mentioned in the above passage?（分数：2.00）A.He always wrote the letter A in black.B.I am red he wrote.C.He wrote for himself that the letter U was always green.D.He said that the letter A always suggested dep
38、ression to him.(4).The songs of the sad jazz music get the name “blues“ because_.（分数：2.00）A.the black people are sadB.the blue color reminds one sadnessC.the black people like the songsD.the blue color is sad(5).Which of the following do you think may best serve as the title of this passage?（分数：2.00
39、）A.How Color Influences MoodB.The Difference Between Color and MoodC.Moods Influence on ColorD.Colors Influence on MoodThere isnt any question about Washingtons greatness. If his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to k
40、now how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some Presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being leaders. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader. I guess in fact, that the only anti-Washington thing I
41、can say is that he made a mistake when he established the precedent of the two-term President and even there he had a good personal reason for wanting that, at least for himself. He was attacked viciously by the press of his day; he was called so many terrible things that he told friends even during
42、 his first term that he wasnt going to run again. But Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Alexander Hamilton persuaded him to go ahead and serve a second term and finally he did. After hed gotten through his second term, though, he made up his mind that he just wouldnt take it any more, and he qu
43、it.（分数：10.00）(1).Basically the authors opinion of Washington is_.（分数：2.00）A.praisefulB.derogatoryC.criticalD.negative(2).Washingtons administration had been a_.（分数：2.00）A.failureB.successC.good example followed by other presidentsD.miracle(3).Washingtons greatness showed itself in that_.（分数：2.00）A.W
44、ashington worked under the Continental CongressB.Washington limited his role to being administrators of the lawsC.Washington was both a great administrator and a great leaderD.Washington established the precedent of the two-term Presidency(4).Whats the authors attitude toward Washingtons two-term Pr
45、esidency?（分数：2.00）A.He thinks Washington made a mistake by doing so.B.He thinks that Washington had a good personal reason for doing so.C.He thinks that Washington was too selfish in doing so.D.Both A and B.(5).Which of the following is NOT TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.Washington was very popular with the press
46、of his day.B.Washington was persuaded to serve the second term.C.Washington contributed much to the establishment of the United States.D.Washingtons greatness is undoubted.专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 68 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In th
47、is part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_解析：Before 1945, hardly anyone outside of New M
48、exico had ever heard of Alamogordo. In 1960 its population numbered 21,723. Ever since 1898, when the town had been built by the Southern Pacific Railroad, Alamogordo had been a lonely town. The land around it was largely desert, and largely empty. Because it was isolated and because the weather was almost always clear and beautiful; a spot of desert near Alamogordo was chosen as the test site for the first atomic bomb ever exploded. The secret name of the test was Zero. At dawn on July 16, 1945, the atomic bomb was set off. Observers agreed that they
