1、专升本英语（阅读）-试卷 83 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark
2、 your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：10.00）_It seems clear that literature has become more and more a female activity. In bookstores, at conferences or public readings by writers, and even in university departments dedicated to the humanities, the women clearly
3、 outnumber the men. The explanation traditionally given is that middle-class women read more because they work fewer hours than men, and so many of them feel that they can justify more easily than men the time that they devote to fantasy and illusion. I am somewhat allergic to explanations that divi
4、de men and women into frozen categories and attribute to each sex its characteristic virtues and shortcomings; but there is no doubt that there are fewer and fewer readers of literature, and that among the saving remnant (剩余) of readers women predominate. This is the case almost everywhere. In Spain
5、, for example, a recent survey organized by the General Society of Spanish Writers revealed that half of that countrys population has never read a book. The survey also revealed that in the minority that does read, the number of women who admitted to reading surpasses the number of men by 6. 2 perce
6、nt, a difference that appears to be increasing. I am happy for these women, but I feel sorry for these men, and for the millions of human beings who could read but have decided not to read. They earn my pity not only because they are unaware of the pleasure that they are missing, but also because I
7、am convinced that a society without literature, or a society in which literature has been relegatedlike some hidden viceto the margins of social and personal life, is a society condemned to become spiritually barbaric, and even to jeopardize (破坏) its freedom. I wish to offer a few arguments against
8、the idea of literature as a luxury pastime, and in favor of viewing it as one of the most primary and necessary undertakings of the mind, an irreplaceable activity for the formation of citizens in a modern and democratic society, a society of free individuals.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage,
9、which of the following statement is true?（分数：2.00）A.Women read less than men.B.Reading becomes more and more female-centered.C.Most literature aims at women.D.Womens characteristics lead to their hobby of reading.(2).The author considers traditional explanation _.（分数：2.00）A.logicalB.not convincingC.
10、not interestingD.totally true(3).The author cites the example of Spain in order to _.（分数：2.00）A.explain the reasons why literature is more a female activityB.show women always devote the time to fantasy and illusionC.illustrate the phenomenon that literature is more a female activity existing in nea
11、rly every countryD.show how illiterate the Spanish people are(4).Whats the authors attitude towards the people who dont read?（分数：2.00）A.Pitiful.B.Angry.C.Agreeable.D.Allergic.(5).It can be inferred from Para. 3 that_.（分数：2.00）A.a society which lacks literature is an ideal societyB.if a society lacks
12、 literature, the freedom cannot be guaranteedC.literature is a luxury pastimeD.literature is not a necessity in a democratic societySome pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowe
13、d to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future. The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and sh
14、ould not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types. Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion. One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway sy
15、stem. When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle
16、 will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the cars movements. The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the h
17、ighway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.（分数：10.00）(1)
18、.One significant improvement in the future car will probably be_.（分数：2.00）A.its power sourceB.its driving systemC.its monitoring systemD.its seating capacity(2).What is the authors main concern?（分数：2.00）A.How to render automobiles pollution free.B.How to make smaller and safer automobiles.C.How to s
19、olve the problem of traffic jams.D.How to develop an automated subway system.(3).What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?（分数：2.00）A.A rail.B.An engine.C.A retractable arm.D.A computer controller.(4).In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is to_.（分数：
20、2.00）A.keep in the right laneB.wait to arrive at his destinationC.keep in constant touch with the computer centerD.inform the system of his destination by phone(5).What is the authors attitude toward the future of autos?（分数：2.00）A.Enthusiastic.B.Pessimistic.C.Optimistic.D.Cautious.Foxes and farmers
21、have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox popula
22、tion. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uni
23、form of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy. It is estimated that up to 100, 000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people oppose
24、d to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal (残酷的) , has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation between hunters and hunt saboteurs(阻拦者). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading r
25、iders and disturbing the trail of the foxs smell, which the dogs follow. Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their
26、sport. A Labor Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law, which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.（分数：10.00）(1).Rich people in Britain h
27、ave been hunting foxes_.（分数：2.00）A.for recreationB.in the interests of the farmersC.to limit the fox populationD.to show of their wealth(2).What is special about fox hunting in Britain?（分数：2.00）A.It involves the use of a deadly poison.B.It is a costly event that rarely occurs.C.The hunters have set
28、rules to follow.D.The hunters have to go through strict training.(3).Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game_.（分数：2.00）A.by resorting to violenceB.by confusing the fox huntersC.by taking legal actionD.by demonstrating on the scene(4).A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to_.（分
29、数：2.00）A.prohibit farmers from hunting foxesB.forbid hunting wild animals with dogsC.stop hunting foxes in the countrysideD.prevent large-scale fox hunting(5).It can be inferred from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.killing foxes with poison is illegalB.limiting the fox population is unnecessaryC.huntin
30、g foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violentD.fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the richVenice is such a strange city. It is built on an Italian lagoon in the Adriatic Sea. It has canals instead of roads, which means there are no cars or buses, no trams or trains or
31、bicycles running past us. Best of all, you could walk or jump or play hide-and-seek on its cobbled streets or its countless bridges whenever you choose to. Daily life in Venice skims over its waterways, especially the sweeping double curve of the Grand Canal and the 180 smaller water passages that r
32、un through the 118 islands that make up the city. For generations, tiny boatyards have built these lopsided boats, with one side curving further outwards than the other. Why? To balance the weight of the oarsman at the end of the boat. This Italian city is known for its festivals, especially the pop
33、ular ten-day Carnival in April. Children, teenagers and adults dress in special costumes, unusual stockings and shoes, then do masks before they take part in this celebration. Its difficult to make out who is behind each mask, but its easy to make friends during this constant party in the streets. W
34、hat fun! On other occasions, Venetians celebrate with a regatta or boat race. The city loves the Vogalonga, on the first Sunday of May, best of all. Thats when anyone who can row with oars is welcome to join the other boats on the great Grand Canal, especially in fancy dress. Imagine the sight! Veni
35、ce is an unusual city, but it is facing an unusual threat. Its sinking. Since its built on a lagoon, the weight of the city on the silt beneath it threatens its life. “Venice today is sinking three times as fast as before, at 300mm per century,“ explains an environmentalist. We feel sad about the th
36、ought that beautiful Venice, with its splendid churches, its collections of art and its happy spirit, may be buried under the sea someday. May the Lion of St. Mark, the symbol of Venice, never face that day.（分数：10.00）(1).This text mainly talks about_.（分数：2.00）A.the boats of VeniceB.a voyage in Venic
37、eC.a brief introduction to VeniceD.the reason of Venices sinking(2).The boats in Venice are designed with one side curving further outwards than the other because_.（分数：2.00）A.the Venetians wanted to make them specialB.it will be easier to keep the balanceC.it is designed for the oarsman who is over-
38、weighted on the boatD.there are 180 smaller water passages that run through the 118 islands(3).What do we know about festivals in Venice?（分数：2.00）A.The festivals are based on the strange Italian lagoon.B.The residents will make masks during the Carnival.C.Festivals are held for people to make friend
39、s.D.People can have a boat race during the Vogalonga in April.(4).According to this text, the sinking of Venice is because of_.（分数：2.00）A.the pollution in the cityB.collapse of the silt beneath the cityC.the industry of this cityD.so many canals there(5).Where do you think this text comes from?（分数：2
40、.00）A.A magazine for travelers.B.An advertisement from a travel agency.C.A scientific magazine.D.A magazine for Venice merchants.Political controversy about the public-land policy of the United States began with the American Revolution. In fact, even before independence from Britain was won, it beca
41、me clear that resolving the dilemmas surrounding the public domain might prove necessary to preserve the Union itself. At the peace negotiations with Britain, American demanded, and got, a western boundary at the Mississippi River. Thus the new nation secured for its birthright a vast internal empir
42、e rich in agricultural and mineral resources. But under their colonial charters, seven states Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia claimed portions of the western wilderness. Virginias claim was the largest, stretching north and to encompass the
43、 later states of Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin. The language of the charters was vague sponsoring Colonel George Roger Clarks 1778 expedition 1o Vincennes and Kalkaska, which strengthened Americas trans-Appalachian pretensions at the peace table. The six states holding n
44、o claim to the transmittance region doubted whether a confederacy in which territory was so unevenly apportioned would truly prove what it claimed to be, a union of equals. Already New Jersey, Delaware, Rhode Island, and Maryland were among the smallest and least populous of the states. While they l
45、evied heavy taxes to repay states war debts, their larger neighbors might retire debts out of land sale proceeds. Drawn by fresh lands and low taxes, people would desert the small states for the large, leaving the former to fall into bankruptcy and eventually into political subjugation. All the stat
46、es shared in the war effort, said the New Jersey legislature; how then could half of them “be left to sink under an enormous debt, while others are enabled, in a short period, to replace all their expenditure from the hard earnings of the whole confederacy? As the revolution was a common endeavor, s
47、o ought its fruits, including the western lands, to be a common property.（分数：10.00）(1).With which of the following topics is the passage primarily concerned?（分数：2.00）A.A controversial public-land policy.B.How independence from Britain was won.C.The land holdings of Massachusetts.D.How New Jersey dev
48、eloped its western land.(2).According to the passage, the British granted the new American nation a western boundary at_.（分数：2.00）A.OhioB.IllinoisC.the Mississippi RiverD.the Appalachian Mountains(3).Which states laid claim to the largest land-holdings?（分数：2.00）A.North CarolinaB.South Carolina.C.Vir
49、ginia.D.Georgia.(4).Why does the author mention Colonel Clarks expedition?（分数：2.00）A.To explain how one state strengthened its land claims.B.To criticize an effort to acquire additional agricultural resources.C.To show that many explorers searched for new land.D.To question the validity of Virginias claims.(5).According to the passage, the smaller states tried to raise money to pay their war debt
