1、专升本（英语）-试卷 398 及答案解析(总分：164.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Phonetics(总题数：5，分数：10.00)A.ch i nB.b i teC.al i veD.s i deA.g a teB.h a teC.m a deD.st a ffA.ei therB.ei ghtC.n ei therD.h ei ghtA.ch ildB.ch aracterC.ch urchD.ch ickenA.tr ou bleB.s ou lC.d ou bleD.en ou gh二、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：16，分数：32.00)6.Part I V
2、ocabulary and StructureDirections: Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.（分数：2.00）_7.The committee is totally opposed _any changes being made in the plans.（分数：2.00）A.ofB.onC.toD.again
3、st8.Well visit Europe next year _we have enough money.（分数：2.00）A.lestB.untilC.unlessD.provided9.My father seemed to be in no _to look at my school report.（分数：2.00）A.moodB.emotionC.attitudeD.feeling10.It is important that enough money _to fund the project.（分数：2.00）A.be collectedB.must be collectedC.i
4、s collectedD.can be collected11.Youd better take an umbrella with you _it rains.（分数：2.00）A.neverthelessB.althoughC.in caseD.so that12.Frankly speaking, Id rather you _anything about it for the time being.（分数：2.00）A.didnt doB.haven t doneC.don t doD.have done13.Im sorry I can t see you immediately; b
5、ut if you d like to take a seat, Ill be with you_.（分数：2.00）A.for a momentB.in a momentC.for the momentD.at the moment14.The trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasnt bothered by his loudness _by his lack of talent.（分数：2.00）A.thanB.more thanC.asD.so much as15.Our new house is very _for me as I c
6、an get to the office in five minutes.（分数：2.00）A.adaptableB.comfortableC.convenientD.available16.Our journey was slow because the train stopped _at different villages.（分数：2.00）A.suddenlyB.graduallyC.continuouslyD.continually17.We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people to yield _any military th
7、reat.（分数：2.00）A.upB.toC.inD.at18.I m very sorry to have _you with so many questions on such an occasion.（分数：2.00）A.interferedB.offendedC.impressedD.bothered19.If the whole operation _beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.（分数：2.00）A.was not plannedB.has not been plannedC.had
8、 not been plannedD.were not planned20.The price of beer _from 50 cents to 4 dollars per liter during the summer season.（分数：2.00）A.alteredB.rangedC.separatedD.differed21.You cannot be _careful when you drive a car.（分数：2.00）A.veryB.soC.tooD.enough三、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：48.00)22.Part III Readi
9、ng ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：8.00）_Animals have d
10、ifferent ways of protecting themselves against wintertime weather. Some animals grow heavy coats of fur or feathers, while others dig into the ground to find a warm wintertime home. Some animals spend the winter in a deep sleep because by going to sleep they avoid the time of the year when food is s
11、carce and the temperatures are low. Their sleep is known as hibernation. There is much about hibernation that puzzles scientists. For example, they are wondering how hibernation came into being. Some scientists have explored the possibility that animals release a chemical that starts them hibernatin
12、g. One thing that scientists are certain about is that animals hibernate only when it is cold. Hibernation is a seasonal practice. Some animals that fall into a wintertime sleep are not true hibernators because they spend only a part of the cold season asleep. Bears, for example, can easily be awake
13、ned from their winter nap. They are not true hibernators. Sometimes it is difficult to determine whether a particular animal is a true hibernator. For example, some mice hibernate, but others do not. The same is true of bats. Some of them hibernate. Other do not.（分数：8.00）(1).Hibernation is a seasona
14、l practice. This means it_.（分数：2.00）A.takes place only during a particular seasonB.occurs only during the nightC.is a daily practiceD.only happens when a species becomes over-populated(2).Some scientists believe that hibernation is started by_.（分数：2.00）A.over-eatingB.calcium depositsC.a body chemica
15、lD.a lack of water(3).The underlined word “hibernation“ in paragraph 1 means_.（分数：2.00）A.a sleep to avoid eatingB.a temperature in cold weatherC.a sleep in the cold seasonD.an animal to practice sleep in winter(4).The main idea of this passage is that_.（分数：2.00）A.many animals die during hibernationB
16、.hibernation protects animals during the wintertimeC.scientists feel puzzled about hibernationD.some bats hibernate and others do notThe strange close understanding between twins is a familiar enough phenomenon. Often they seem to understand each other and share each others emotions to such an exten
17、t that one suspects some kind of thought communication. What is not so widely known is that this special relationship often acts as brake on twins intellectual development. As they are partly isolated in their own private world, twins communicate less with adults than do other children. The verbal a
18、bility of a four-year-old twin is typically six months behind that of a non-twin. The problem can be particularly severe in an underprivileged family, a one-parent family for example, where there is little stimulation for children anyway. Such children, while capable of mutual comprehension in a pri
19、vate language, often remain incomprehensible to outsiders and thus at a severe educational disadvantage. The only solution to the problem, cruel though it may seem, is to separate the twins thus forcing them to acquire ordinary speech helped and guided by sympathetic parents and teachers.（分数：8.00）(1
20、).Many people dont know that_.（分数：2.00）A.twins understand each other very wellB.twins are slow to learn to talkC.twins are unlikely to do less well at school than other childrenD.there exists more communication between twins(2).Whats the reason for twins to be at a disadvantage in their intellectual
21、 development?（分数：2.00）A.They can only understand their own private language.B.They communicate with outsiders less than non-twins.C.There is little stimulation for them.D.Adults dont like to talk with them.(3).The author probably feels that twins problem_.（分数：2.00）A.can not be solved because solutio
22、n is very cruelB.can be solved because twins will be separatedC.can not be solved unless the twins are forced to live in an ordinary environmentD.can be solved if the adults communicate with them more often(4).The writer mentions all of the items listed below EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.twins can help each o
23、therB.twins share each others emotionC.twins are able to understand each other in a private languageD.twins communicate less with their parentsThe intelligence test used most often today are based on the work of a Frenchman, Alfred Binet. In 1905, Binet was asked by the French Ministry of Education
24、to develop a way to identify those children in French schools who were too “mentally deficient(不足的) “ to benefit from ordinary schooling and who needed special education. The tests had to distinguish those who were merely behind in school from those who were actually mentally deficient. The items th
25、at Binet and his colleague Theophile Simon included on the test were chosen on the basis of their ideas about intelligence. Binet and Simon believed intelligence includes such abilities as understanding the meaning of words; solving problems, and making commonsense judgements. Two other important as
26、sumptions also shaped Binets and Simons work: (1) that children with more intelligence will do better in school and (2) that older children have a greater ability than younger children. Binets first test consisted of thirty tasks. They were simple things most children learn as a result of their ever
27、yday experiences. The tasks were arranged in groups, according to age. Binet decided which tasks were appropriate for a given age group by giving them first to a large number of children of different ages. If more than half of the children of a given age passed a test, it was considered appropriate
28、for that age group.（分数：8.00）(1).The main purpose of this passage is to_.（分数：2.00）A.tell the origin of intelligence testsB.explain the basic principle of intelligence testsC.describe the changes in the content of intelligence testsD.state the development of intelligence tests(2).What was the purpose
29、of the intelligence test designed by Alfred Binet in 1905?（分数：2.00）A.To select top students.B.To know who had received ordinary schooling.C.To put students in a right order.D.To make sure who required particular treatment.(3).Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Int
30、elligence includes word understanding and problem solving.B.More intelligent children usually do better in school. .C.The French Ministry of Education was charged with the development of first intelligence tests.D.Intelligence is related with age.(4).How did Binet decide which task to include on his
31、 first test?（分数：2.00）A.He first worked out thirty tasks for mentally deficient children.B.He first gave all the tasks to many children both younger and older.C.He first gave the tasks to many children he thought appropriate.D.He first gave some of the tasks to different groups of children.How men fi
32、rst learned to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agree
33、d upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken, or written in letters, we call words. The power of words, then, lies in their associationsthe things they bring up before our minds. Words become fil
34、led with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases. Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also
35、express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary(文字的) style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and asso
36、ciation can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and rude.（分数：8.00）(1).The origin of language_.（分数：2.00）A.is a legend handed down from the pastB.is reflected in sounds and lettersC.dates back to the pre
37、historic periodD.is a problem not yet solved(2).One of the reasons why men invented certain sounds to express thoughts and actions is that_.（分数：2.00）A.they could agree upon certain signsB.they could write them downC.they could communicate with each otherD.they could combine them(3).What is true abou
38、t words?（分数：2.00）A.They are used to express feelings only.B.They can not be written down.C.They are represented either by sounds or letters.D.They are visual letters.(4).The real power of words exists in their_.（分数：2.00）A.accuracyB.beautyC.charmD.representative functionIt is customary for adults to
39、forget how hard and dull and long school is. The learning by memory of all the basic things one must know is a most incredible and unending effort. Learning to read is probably the most difficult and revolutionary thing that happens to the human brain and if you dont believe that, watch an illiterat
40、e adult try to do it. School is not easy and it is not for the most part very much fun, but then, if you are very lucky, you may find a real teacher. Three real teachers in a lifetime is the very best of my luck. My first was a science and math teacher in high school, my second, a professor of creat
41、ive writing at Stanford, and my third was my friend and partner, Ed Ricketts. My three had these things in common: They all loved what they were doing. They did not tell; they catalyzed a burning desire to know. Under their influence, the horizons sprung wide and fear went away and the unknown becam
42、e knowable. But most important of all, the truth, that dangerous stuff, became beautiful and very precious. I shall speak only of my first teacher because in addition to the other things, she brought discovery. She aroused us to shouting, book-waving discussions. She had the noisiest class in school
43、 and she didnt even seem to know it. We could never stick to the subject. Our speculation ranged the world. She breathed curiosity into us so that we brought in facts or truths shielded in our hands like captured fireflies. I can tell my son who looks forward with horror to fifteen years of drudgery
44、 that somewhere in the dusty dark a magic may happen that will light up the years if he is very lucky.（分数：8.00）(1).According to the author, what is the difficult thing to people in school?（分数：2.00）A.Listening.B.Reading.C.Writing.D.Speaking.(2).The very best of the author is that he_.（分数：2.00）A.met a
45、 good teacherB.he graduated from StanfordC.made friends with his teachersD.met some good teachers in his life(3).Among his teachers, _left him a very deep impression.（分数：2.00）A.the university teacherB.the high school teacherC.Ed RickettsD.the first two teachers(4).The author hoped that his son_.（分数：
46、2.00）A.may be lucky to meet a good teacherB.may study in school for fifteen yearsC.can read many booksD.may study science and math四、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：60.00)23.Part IV ClozeDirections: There are some blanks in the following passages. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should
47、 choose the one that best fits into the passages. Then, mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.（分数：30.00）_The northern parts of the United States get very cold in the winter. It snows a great deal and the temperature often goes【C1】_ zero degree in January,【C2】_ and March. But the northeas
48、tern and northcentral regions of【C3】_ have been financial and industrial centers, and they are heavily polluted. In recent years, people in these regions have begun to take vacations【C4】_ these cold winter months. They go to southern parts of the country【C5】_ it is warmer. Many go to Florida where the weather is【C6】_ . Others go to the southwestern states of Arizona, New Mexico and Texas where they【C7】_dry desert clima
