1、全国自考（国际商务英语）-试卷 4 及答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词组英译汉(总题数：10，分数：20.00)mon pool（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_2.periodic payments（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_3.open account（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_4.absolute profit（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_5.additional tax（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_6.agency agreement（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_7.all risks（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_8.attract funds（分
2、数：2.00）填空项 1:_9.basic law（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_10.business law（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_二、词组汉译英(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.知识产权（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_12.关税配额（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_13.知识密集型产业（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_14.财务状况（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_15.价格条款（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_16.资金周转（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_17.无汇票信用证（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_18.被通知人（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_19.清洁浮动（分数：2.00
3、）填空项 1:_20.人口计划（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、配对题(总题数：1，分数：20.00)a. knowledge communicated or received concerning a particular fact or circumstanceb. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupationc. company stocksd. producing optimum results for the expendituree. a place in which securities are s
4、old and boughtf. deficiencyg. the party in the bill of lading to whom the good are shipped h. stocks issued by governmenti. the state of being a member of a certain organization j. stocks and bonds（分数：20.00）(1).market place（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).securities（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).gilts（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).in
5、formation（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).consignee（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(6).membership（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(7).practitioner（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(8).cost-effective（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(9).shortfall（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(10).equities（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_四、名词解释(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.protectionism（分数：2.00）_22.force majeure（分数：2.00）_23.drawer（分数：2.00）
6、_24.intermediate products（分数：2.00）_25.counter trade（分数：2.00）_五、简答题(总题数：4，分数：8.00)26.Except counter trade, what are the other modes of trade ?（分数：2.00）_27.Mention some of the risks the exporter and the importer may face in trade.（分数：2.00）_28.What is the unique feature of the letter of credit? How doe
7、s it offer security to the buyer and the seller?（分数：2.00）_29.What is a clean bill of lading?（分数：2.00）_六、句子英译汉(总题数：2，分数：4.00)30.Freight forwarders act, first, as your agent in moving your product overseas. Second, they are knowledgeable about customs duties, documentation, credit transaction, and ins
8、urance in addition to their fundamental role of moving your goods from one point to another. Professional international freight forwarder and instructor do for cargo what travel agents do for passengers. There is no law says that you must use freight forwarder. Just like the airlines or advertising,
9、 you can book your own ticket or buy media space directly. Freight forwarders operate like travel agents and advertising agents who, in those cases, receive their commissions from airlines and the media. Freight forwarders receive their commissions from steamships.（分数：2.00）_31.Letter of credit can b
10、e worded so that payment is made on the very date that the shipping documents are received by the confirming bank, or, if you wish to give the buyer extra time, an L/C can also be worded so that payment is made 30, 60, or up to 180 days, which is the customary maximum. It is vitally important, thoug
11、h, that the wording in the L/C be clear and specific and equally important that the words in the shipping documents conform precisely with the wording of the L/C. Even slight variations can cause delays in payment until the questions are clarified and answered. Letter of credit can be extremely flex
12、ible. An unlimited number of provisions can be specified. For example, the buyer can even indicate what types of marking should be appear on the shipping containers.（分数：2.00）_七、句子汉译英(总题数：5，分数：10.00)32.劳务输出输入可以是由个人，或是由公司或是国家组织完成。它正在成为一种重要的无形贸易形式。（分数：2.00）_33.绝对利益理论认为，一种商品将在其耗费资源成本低的国家进行生产。（分数：2.00）_3
13、4.经济全球化不仅涉及经济，而且对政治、文化、价值观和生活方式都有重要影响。（分数：2.00）_35.跨国企业组织内部公司之间大量的交易构成了世界贸易的很大一部分。（分数：2.00）_36.各国政府经常采取的贸易保护主义措施也是贸易障碍，典型的例子是关税和配额。（分数：2.00）_全国自考（国际商务英语）-试卷 4 答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词组英译汉(总题数：10，分数：20.00)mon pool（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：共同基金）解析：解析：common 意为“共有的”；pool 意为“共用物，共有款”。2.periodic pa
14、yments（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：分期付款）解析：解析：periodic 意为“周期的，定期的”；payment 意为“付款，支付”。3.open account（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：记账交易）解析：解析：专业商务术语，固定译法。account 意为“账户”4.absolute profit（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：绝对利润）解析：解析：absolute 意为“绝对的”；profit 意为“利润”。5.additional tax（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：附加税）解析
15、：解析：additional 意为“附加的”；tax 意为“税”6.agency agreement（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：代理协定）解析：解析：agency 意为“代理，中介”；agreement 意为“协定”7.all risks（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：一切险，全险，综合险）解析：解析：all 意为“全部，所有”；risk 意为“风险”。8.attract funds（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：吸引资金）解析：解析：attract 意为“吸引”；fund 意为“基金，资金”。9.basic law（
16、分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：基本法）解析：解析：basic 意为“基础的”；law 意为“法律”。10.business law（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：商法）解析：解析：business 意为“商业”；law 意为“法律”。二、词组汉译英(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.知识产权（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：intellectual property）解析：解析：intellectual 意为“智力的，知识的”；properly 意为“财产，所有权”。12.关税配额（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确
17、答案：正确答案：tariff quota）解析：解析：tariff 意为“关税”；quota 意为“配额”。13.知识密集型产业（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：knowledge-intensive industry）解析：解析：knowledge 意为“知识”；intensive 意为“密集的”；industry 意为“工业，产业”。14.财务状况（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：financial standing）解析：解析：financial 意为“金融的，财政的”；standing 意为“情况”。15.价格条款（分数：2.00）填空项 1
18、:_ （正确答案：正确答案：price terms）解析：解析：price 意为“价格”；term 意为“条款”。16.资金周转（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：capital turnover）解析：解析：capital 意为“资金”；turnover 意为“颠覆，周转”。17.无汇票信用证（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：nondraft credit）解析：解析：non 为否定前缀，意为“非，不”；draft 意为“汇票”；credit 意为“信用证”。18.被通知人（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：notify part
19、y）解析：解析：notify 意为“通知，通告”；party 意为“当事人”。19.清洁浮动（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：clean float）解析：解析：clean 意为“清洁的”；float 意为“浮动，飘动”。20.人口计划（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：populationplanning）解析：解析：population 意为“人口”；planning 意为“计划”。三、配对题(总题数：1，分数：20.00)a. knowledge communicated or received concerning a particular f
20、act or circumstanceb. a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupationc. company stocksd. producing optimum results for the expendituree. a place in which securities are sold and boughtf. deficiencyg. the party in the bill of lading to whom the good are shipped h. stocks issued by gove
21、rnmenti. the state of being a member of a certain organization j. stocks and bonds（分数：20.00）(1).market place（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：e）解析：(2).securities（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：j）解析：(3).gilts（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：h）解析：(4).information（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：a）解析：(5).consignee（分数：2.00）
22、填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：g）解析：(6).membership（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：i）解析：(7).practitioner（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：b）解析：(8).cost-effective（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：d）解析：(9).shortfall（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：f）解析：(10).equities（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：正确答案：c）解析：四、名词解释(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.protectionis
23、m（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Protectionism is a trade barrier to international trade for the purpose of protecting a nations own domestic market and industriesIt includes tariff barriers and nontariff barriers)解析：解析：protectionism 意为“贸易保护主义”，是指在国际贸易中为了保护国内市场和工业而采取的一种贸易壁垒，包括关税壁垒和非关税壁垒。22.force majeure（分数：2.0
24、0）_正确答案：(正确答案：Force majeure is a default of the contract which is given rise to not because of the contracting partiesdefault，but because of the uncontrollable causesOne type of the cause is the natural force and the other is social cause)解析：解析：force majeure 意为“不可抗力”，是一项免责条款，指不是由于当事人的过失而是由于无法控制的原因造成
25、的违约。不可抗力通常分为两种，一种是自然力量引起的，一种是社会原因引起的。23.drawer（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The person who draws the bill of exchange is called the drawer)解析：解析：drawer 意为“出票人”，开出汇票的人，通常是出口商，称作出票人。24.intermediate products（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Intermediate products are products which are not the same as the raw materials or as
26、 the finished goodsThey can be called semi-finished products)解析：解析：intermediate products 意为“中间产品”，是介乎于原材料与最终产品之间的各种产品的统称，大体上相当于通常所说的半制成品。25.counter trade（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Counter trade is the generic terms to describe a set of cross-border contracts which link a sellers exports to imports from th
27、e buyer)解析：解析：counter trade 意为“对销贸易”，它已经成为一系列将卖方的出口与从买方的进口联系起来的跨国界合同的术语总称。五、简答题(总题数：4，分数：8.00)26.Except counter trade, what are the other modes of trade ?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Among other modes of trade are processing trade，consignment，leasing trade，agency，etc)解析：解析：除了对销贸易，其他贸易方式还有加工贸易、寄售、租赁贸易、代理等。27
28、.Mention some of the risks the exporter and the importer may face in trade.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：For the exporter there is the risk of buyer default. The importer might fail to pay in full for the goodsOn the part of theimporter，there is the risk that the shipment will be delayed，and he might only re
29、ceive them long after paymentThere is also arisk that wrong goods might be sent as a result of negligence of the exporter or simply because of his lack of integrity)解析：解析：对于出口商来说，他面临着对方不付款的风险。对于进口商来说，他面临的是拖延装运的风险，他可能是在付款后很久才收到货物。还有一种风险，即由于出口商的疏忽，或是不诚实造成发运出不合要求的货物。28.What is the unique feature of the
30、 letter of credit? How does it offer security to the buyer and the seller?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：The seller has the security to get paid provided he presents impeccable documents while the buyer has the security to getthe goods required through the documents he stipulates in the creditThe bilateral se
31、curity is the unique and characteristic featureof the letter of credit)解析：解析：对于卖方来说，只要他提交了正确无误的单据就可保证得到货款，而买方通过他在信用证中所规定的单据，保证可以得到所需要的货物。这种双边保证是信用证独特的、具有代表性的特征。29.What is a clean bill of lading?（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：A clean bill of lading is one which states that the goods have been shipped in appare
32、nt good order and conditionIt ismeant that the document is devoid of any qualifying remarks concerning the packing and the outer appearance of the goodsAndthe carrier admits full liability for the goods described in the bill of lading and is bound to carry the goods and deliver them in likecondition
33、 in which he has received them)解析：解析：清洁提单指货物在表面状况良好的情况下装船，这意味着提单上未加注任何有关包装或货物外表不良的批注，承运人对于提单中描述的货物承诺全部责任，并有责任将货物以其收到时的状况运到目的地。六、句子英译汉(总题数：2，分数：4.00)30.Freight forwarders act, first, as your agent in moving your product overseas. Second, they are knowledgeable about customs duties, documentation, cre
34、dit transaction, and insurance in addition to their fundamental role of moving your goods from one point to another. Professional international freight forwarder and instructor do for cargo what travel agents do for passengers. There is no law says that you must use freight forwarder. Just like the
35、airlines or advertising, you can book your own ticket or buy media space directly. Freight forwarders operate like travel agents and advertising agents who, in those cases, receive their commissions from airlines and the media. Freight forwarders receive their commissions from steamships.（分数：2.00）_正
36、确答案：(正确答案：运输代理，首先是作为你的代理人向海外运输货物；其次，除运输货物的基本作用外，他们还熟悉关税、单证、赊购交易和保险业务。专业的国际运输代理和运输指导对货物所做的工作与旅行社为旅客所做的上作一样。没有法律规定必须使用运输代理。就像乘飞机和做广告一样，你可以直接订票和购买广告播出时间，也可委托旅行社和广告代理商进行。运输代理就像旅行社和广告代理商一样开展工作。所不同的是，后两者从航空公司和广告公司收取佣金，而运输代理则是从运输公司收取佣金的。)解析：解析：本段并非教材课文原句，考生可参考教材第十四课运输相关的知识进行翻译。翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要词汇及短语：freight f
37、orwarders：运输代理；customs duties：关税；documentation：单证；credit transaction：赊购交易：insurance：保险；professional：职业的，专业的；cargo：货物；book：此处为动词，译作“订购”；commission：佣金；steamship：本意为“轮船”，此处引申为“运输公司”。31.Letter of credit can be worded so that payment is made on the very date that the shipping documents are received by th
38、e confirming bank, or, if you wish to give the buyer extra time, an L/C can also be worded so that payment is made 30, 60, or up to 180 days, which is the customary maximum. It is vitally important, though, that the wording in the L/C be clear and specific and equally important that the words in the shipping documents conform precisely with the wording of the L/C. Even slight variations can cause delays in payment until the questions are clarified and answered. Letter of credit can be extremely flexible. An unlimited number o
