1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 39 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Why Is the Native Language Learnt So Well How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without know
2、ledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most cases, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference? Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the
3、 child himself, partly in the behaviour of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favourable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine(纯正的) form, w
4、ith the right pronunciation, right intonation, and right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions which come to him in a fresh, ever bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation(通化). Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the
5、 year round, while an adult language student has each week a limited number of hours which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothin
6、g unnatural, as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching(炎热的) heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and
7、fulfilled. Finally, though a childs “teachers“ may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.（分数：20.00）(1).Compared with adults learning a foreign language, children learn their native language
8、 with ease.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(2).Adults knowledge and mental powers hinder(妨碍) their complete mastery of a foreign language.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(3).The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.Fals
9、eC.Not Given(4).Plenty of practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures children s success of learning their mother tongue.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(5).A child learning his native language has the advantage of having private lessons all the year round.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.F
10、alseC.Not Given(6).Gestures and facial expressions may assist a child in mastering his native language.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(7).The study hours for adult language learners are very short, compared with the children.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(8).The language practiced on language l
11、essons in schools is often unnatural.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(9).A child s “teachers“ are usually trained in language teaching.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given(10).Different children learn their native languages at sharply different speed.（分数：2.00）A.TrueB.FalseC.Not Given二、阅读选择(总题数：1，分数：10
12、.00)Rare Fossil Record The preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rare occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny, delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers (食腐动物) weathering before they can be fossilized. Ichthyosaurs (鱼龙) had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial
13、creatures because, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals, a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones
14、, and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, some areas have become a treasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils. The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis. The ichthyosaur remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales(页岩) deposited about 190 million
15、years ago. Over the years, thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos. Ichthyosaurs with embryos
16、 have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time. The embryos are quite advanced in their physical development; their paddles, for example, are already well formed
17、. One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal. In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long. Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden when they are so rare elsewhere? The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and
18、 quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.（分数：10.
19、00）(1).All of the following are mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization except the_.（分数：2.00）A.speed of buryingB.conditions of the waterC.rate at which soft tissues decayD.cause of death of the animal(2).Which of the following is true of the fossil deposits discussed in the passage?（分数：2.0
20、0）A.They include examples of newly discovered species.B.They contain large numbers of well-preserved specimens.C.They are older than fossils found in other places.D.They have been analyzed more carefully than other fossils.(3).The word “outstanding“ in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_.（分数：2.00）
21、A.extensiveB.surprisingC.verticalD.excellent(4).Why does the author mention the specimen preserved in the birth canal?（分数：2.00）A.To illustrate that the embryo fossils are quite advanced in their development.B.To explain why the fossils are well preserved.C.To indicate how the ichthyosaurs died.D.To
22、prove that ichthyosaurs are marine animals.(5).Which of the following best expresses the relationship between the first and second paragraphs?（分数：2.00）A.The first paragraph describes a place while the second paragraph describes a field of study.B.The first paragraph defines the terms that are used i
23、n the second paragraph.C.The second paragraph describes a specific instance of the general topic discussed in the first paragraph.D.The second paragraph presents information that contrasts with the information given in the first paragraph.三、概括段落大意和补全句子(总题数：2，分数：20.00)Singapore Singapore is an indepe
24、ndent city-state in southeastern Asia, consisting of one major islandthe Singapore islandand more than 50 small islands, located off the southern tip of Malay. The city of Singapore, the capital of the country, is at the southeastern end of the Singapore Island; it is one of the most important port
25、cities and commercial centers of Southeast Asia. The total area of the republic is 640 sq. km. Low-lying Singapore Island has no outstanding relief (轮廓鲜明的) features. A central area of hills rises to the maximum height of 176 m. The country has a wet tropical climate, with an average annual temperatu
26、re of 27. 20C. The average annual rainfall is 2. 413 mm, the wettest months are November through January. Singapore is governed under a constitution of 1959. A president, elected to a four-year term, is head of state, and a prime minister is head of government. The president used to be selected by P
27、arliament, but by 1991 constitutional amendment (修正案) ,the president is now elected directly by the people. The Parliament is the law-making body with its 81 members popularly elected. In the late 1980s the country had some 290 primary schools with 278,300 pupils and 160 secondary schools with 200,2
28、00 students. The main institutions of higher education are the National University of Singapore, several technical colleges, and a teachers college. Singapore has one of the highest standards of living of any country in Asia. In the late 1980s the gross domestic product was estimated at $23. 7 billi
29、on, or $8,870 per person. The fishing industry is centered on the port of During, on southwestern Singapore Island. Industry has grown rapidly since the 1960s, and Singapore now produces a diversity of goods, including chemicals, electronic items, clothing, and processed foods, etc. Shipbuilding and
30、 petroleum refining are also important.A. EducationB. Land and ClimateC. State SystemD. General IntroductionE. EconomyF. Population（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph （分数：2.00）填空项 1:_A. live a
31、 better lifeB. made up of more than 50 islandsC. Higher education instituteD. not by the Parliament, but by the peopleE. produce goods of various kindsF. have a big population（分数：10.00）(1).Singapore is a small state in the southeast of Asia 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).According to the constitution of Sing
32、apore, the president of the state is selected 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Compared with people in other Asian countries, the Singapore 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Several technical colleges, and a teachers college are part of 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Though small, Singapore has an industry of its own and can 1.（分数
33、：2.00）填空项 1:_四、填句补文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Disappearing Honeybee Do you run away when you hear a bee buzzing? Many people do. A bee sting hurts and some people are allergic to bee venom (蜂毒). But did you know that bees are very important to humans? Honeybees do more than just make honey. They fly around
34、 and pollinate (传授花粉) flowers, plants, and trees. 1 One third of Americas food supply is pollinated by the honeybee. Have you seen or heard a honeybee lately? Bees are mysteriously disappearing in many parts of the world. Most people dont know about this problem. It is called Colony Collapse Disorde
35、r (CCD). Some North American beekeepers lost 80% of their hives (蜂巢) from 20062008. 2 The disappearance of the honeybee is a serious problem. Can you imagine never eating another blueberry? What about almonds and cherries? Without honeybees food prices will skyrocket (猛涨). 3 This problem affects oth
36、er foods besides fresh produce. Imagine losing your favorite ice cream / Haagen Daaz is a famous ice cream company. Many of their flavors rely on the shard working honey bee. 4 They also created a website called helpthehoneybee. com. Donating money to research is the most important thing humans can
37、do to save the honeybees. Scientists need money to investigate the causes of Colony Collapse Disorder. Some scientists blame CCD on climate change. Others think pesticides (杀虫剂) are killing the bees. 5 Beekeepers transport their hives from place to place in order to pollinate plants year round. Not
38、everyone has money to donate regularly. There are other ways to help the honeybee. Spread the word, by telling your friends and family about the problem. Tell your teacher about the disappearing bees too. Maybe your class can write a letter to the government.A. In 2008 Haagen Daaz began raising mone
39、y for CCD.B. It is hard to pin down what has been causing honeybees to vanish.C. The poorest people always suffer the worst when there is a lack of food.D. Our fruits, nuts, and vegetables rely on these pollinators.E. Commercial bee migration may also cause CCD.F. Bees in Italy and Australia are dis
40、appearing too.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_五、填词补文(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Women and Sports Nowadays, women in the United States and many other countries participate in a growing number of sports and games, which is a symbol of social progress, of course. This has not always been the case, how
41、ever. In fact, women have not been as 1 in sports as men for a long time. Only in recent years have women begun to 2 up with men in this area. Until the 20th century, women did not often participate in sports. Part of the explanation for this is that women simply did not have time. Many women cooked
42、, cleaned, and took care of children. They were so busy that they did not have time for sports. A second reason, especially in the late nineteenth century, is a womans 3 at that time was one of illness and 4 It was unladylike for a woman to get 5 in any sports activity. There have been changes in th
43、e 6 of women in the modern world, and also changes within the world of sports. These changes 7 many more women to participate in sports. Women are no longer 8 delicate. People do not think it is unladylike for a woman to compete in sports. On the contrary, women who win in sports activities are 9 re
44、garded. Many women now take part in sports and games of many 10 kinds, and enjoy doing so. This development is partly the result of a change in the image of women in the modern world.A. differentB. catchC. allowedD. dalicacyE. completelyF. involvedG. highlyH. imageI. viewJ. consideredK. activeL. fav
45、orite（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、完形补文(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Why do We Use E-mail? Personal computers and the Internet give people new choices about how to spend their time. Some may use this【C1】_ (free) to share some time with certain friends or family
46、members, but new technology will also let them stay in closer touch with those they care about most. I know this from【C2】_ (person) experience. E-mail makes it easy to work at home, which is where I now spend most weekends and evenings. My【C3】_ (work) hours arent necessarily much【C4】_ (short) than t
47、hey once were but I spend fewer of them at the office. This lets me share more time with my young daughter than I might have if shed been born before electronic mail became such a【C5】_ (practice) tool. The Internet also makes it easy to share【C6】_ (think) with a group of friends. Say you do somethin
48、g fun, see a great movie perhaps, and there are four or five friends who might want to hear a-bout it. If you call each one, you may tire of【C7】_ (tell) the story. With E-mail, you just write one note about your experience, at your【C8】_ (convenient) ,and address it to all the friends you think might be interested. They can read your message when they have time, and read only as much as they want t
