【学历类职业资格】英汉翻译教程自考真题2012年04月及答案解析.doc

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1、英汉翻译教程自考真题 2012 年 04 月及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、BA(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.From both sides of the valley little streams slipped out of the hill canyons and fell into the Salinas River. _ A.洼地两面的峡谷流出的涧水注入萨利纳斯河。 B.从峡谷洼地两面流出的涧水汇入萨利纳斯河。 C.从峡谷洼地的两面流出了涧水,注入萨利纳斯河。 D.洼地两面的峡谷都有涧水流出,汇入萨利纳斯河。(分数

2、:2.00)A.B.C.D.2.It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated. _ A.知道你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏,你就会力量倍增。 B.知道你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏,你就会坚定信念。 C.这会使你坚定地认识到,因为你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。 D.这会使你进一步坚定信念,因为你的杰出事业是如此广泛地人们的尊敬和赞赏。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.3.True friendship

3、 is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost. _ A.真正的友谊就像健康一样,它的价值很少有人知道,直到失去以后。 B.真正的友谊就像健康一样,它的价值直到失去后才被少数人知道。 C.真正的友谊就像健康一样,价值要到失去后才能体验到。 D.真正的友谊就像健康一样,失去了才觉得宝贵。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.4.At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply._ A.现在,人们往往

4、采取安全回答问题的态度,这样比较不偏不倚。 B.现在,人们有一种倾向,即选择不偏不倚地回答问题的安全方法。 C.现在,人们往往采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题,这样比较安全。 D.现在,人们有一种安全的选择倾向,即不偏不倚地回答问题。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.5.What aids there were to lighten labor were immemorial, like the mill, which was already ancient in Chaucers time. _ A.像磨房一样的一些旨在减轻劳动强度的古代机械,在乔叟时代就已经是古董了。 B.一些旨在减轻劳动强度

5、的机器不知从何时代起就有了,比如磨房,在乔叟时代就已经是古董了。 C.一些旨在减轻劳动强度的古代机械,比如磨房,在乔叟时代就已经是古董了。 D.像磨房一样的一些在乔叟时代就已经用了很久的机器,旨在减轻劳动强度,不知从何时代起就有了。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.6.这种果汁有苹果的味道。_ A.The juice tastes of apple. B.The juice tastes from apple. C.The juice tastes as an apple. D.The juice tastes like an apple.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.7.他把儿子锁在屋里

6、,以免他再次逃学。_ A.He locked his son in, in case he play truant again. B.He locked his son in, in case he played truant again. C.He locked his son in, in case he might play truant again. D.He locked his son in, in case he would play truant again.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.8.做完那件事后,他就直接去了医院。_ A.That done he went str

7、aight to the hospital. B.That done, he went straight to the hospital. C.He went straight to the hospital, that done. D.He went straight to the hospital that done.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.9.你把需要的那本书放在什么地方啦?_ A.Where have you put the book which needed? B.Where have you put the book that needed? C.Where have y

8、ou put the book needed? D.Where have you put the book to need?(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.10.我们无论怎样赞美他的工作,都不过分。_ A.We should not praise him very much for his work. B.We must not praise him very much for his work. C.We may not praise him too much for his work. D.We cannot praise him too much for his work.(分数:2.

9、00)_三、BB(总题数:5,分数:10.00)11.与鸠摩罗什的译文相比,玄奘的译文更_。 A.倾向于直译 B.倾向于意译 C.倾向于音译 D.倾向于意意结合(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.12.在 1954 年全国文学翻译工作会议上指出:“我们对翻译工作决不能采取轻率的态度。翻译工作者必须具有高度的责任感。”_ A.傅雷 B.茅盾 C.郭沫若 D.王佐良(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.13.According to Eugene A. Nida, the extent to which the forms must be changed in order to preserve the

10、 meaning will depend upon the_distance between languages. A.1inguistic B.cultural C.structural D.1inguistic and cultural(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.14.原文:It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education.

11、译文:告诫成年子女不要犯错误,那是没有用的,一来他们不听你的,二来犯错误本身也是受教育的一个重要部分。翻译本句时,译者运用的主要翻译方法是_。 A.省略法 B.增词法 C.词类转换法 D.反说正译(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.15._is a strategy in which a transparent, fluent style is adopted in order to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for target language readers. This method is “an ethnocentric r

12、eduction of the foreign text to target language cultural values, bringing the author back home. “ A.Literal translation B.Rigid translation C.Foreignization D.Domestication(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.四、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、BA(总题数:10,分数:10.00)16.gamma rays(分数:1.00)_17.the New Testament(分数:1.00)_18.ecologist(分数:1.0

13、0)_19.entrepreneurial spirit(分数:1.00)_20.court of appeals(分数:1.00)_21.Royal Society(分数:1.00)_22.a letter of patent(分数:1.00)_23.consecutive interpretation(分数:1.00)_24.instrument of ratification(分数:1.00)_25.the six-party talks(分数:1.00)_六、BB(总题数:10,分数:10.00)26.诺贝尔奖获得者(分数:1.00)_27.福利基金(分数:1.00)_28.国际经济合

14、作(分数:1.00)_29.珠江三角洲(分数:1.00)_30.北洋军阀政府(分数:1.00)_31.民族团结(分数:1.00)_32.金融服务业(分数:1.00)_33.大陆架(分数:1.00)_34.世界文化遗产(分数:1.00)_35.联合国教科文组织(分数:1.00)_七、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)八、BA(总题数:5,分数:10.00)36.原文:All the boys are being quiet today. I wonder what theyre up to. 译文:男孩们今天都规规矩矩的,我真不知道他们怎么啦。(分数:2.00)_37.原文:The street

15、peddler hawked, “Now or never!“ 译文:小摊贩吆喝道:“要买快买,不买拉倒!”(分数:2.00)_38.原文:I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was getting old. 译文:我不相信她曾有时间去注意自己正在日益衰老。(分数:2.00)_39.原文:Whats more, according to intelligence in the West, this troop could be doubled in its strength within 30 days. 译文:

16、更有甚者,据西方情报,这支部队在数量上有可能在三十天内翻两番。(分数:2.00)_40.原文:Hes already past recovery. 译文:他已经过了康复期。(分数:2.00)_九、BB(总题数:5,分数:10.00)41.原文:夺取这个胜利,已经不需要很久的时间,不要花费很大的气力了;巩固这个胜利,则是需要很久的时间和花费很大的气力的。 译文:To win this victory will not require much more time or effort, but to consolidate this victory will require much more t

17、ime and effort.(分数:2.00)_42.原文:他送来的稿子,我不能仔细全部欣赏完,但我却充分感觉到了他的文章的魅力。 译文:He had sent me his articles, I was unable to read carefully and enjoy them all, I was fully aware of the charm of his writings.(分数:2.00)_43.原文:要是当时他请她跳了舞,现在又知道她的芳名,那该有多好啊! 译文:He wishes that he asked her to dance then and that he k

18、nows her name now.(分数:2.00)_44.原文:虎越来越少,猫却越来越多;虎濒于灭绝,猫却成了宠物。 译文:Tigers are becoming less and less, almost on the verge of extinction; on the other hand, cats are becoming more and more and they became pets.(分数:2.00)_45.原文:于生效之日起,此协议有效期为三年。 译文:This agreement will become effective as of the effective

19、date and will remain in effect for three years.(分数:2.00)_十、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十一、BA(总题数:1,分数:15.00)46.Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States. China will continue to depend upon lucrative export markets to earn the foreign exchange it needs to develop and

20、 grow. At the same tiem, Chinas imports will supply the much needed advanced technology to fuel its continued development. For the United States, new commercial opportunities will grow most rapidly in the emerging markets. We estimate that three quarters of new export opportunities over the next twe

21、nty years-thats an incredible $1.9 trillion in potential exportswill come in the emerging markets of Asia and Latin America. This means jobs for American workers and a higher standard of living for the American people.(分数:15.00)_十二、BB(总题数:1,分数:15.00)47.诸位毕业生和同学们: 你们现在要离开母校了,我没有什么礼物送给你们,只好送你们一句话吧。这句话

22、是:“不要抛弃学问。”你们以前所修的课程中大部分是为了这张文凭,那是别无选择,非修不可的。从今以后,你们可以按照自己的心愿去学习了。希望趁你们还年轻、精力充沛,努力学一门专业知识。 易卜生(Henrik Ibsen)说过:“你们的最大责任是把自己这块材料铸成器。” 学问便是铸器的工具,抛弃了学问便毁了你们自己。 你们的母校期待着,看你们十年以后成什么器。(分数:15.00)_英汉翻译教程自考真题 2012 年 04 月答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、BA(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.From both sides of the

23、 valley little streams slipped out of the hill canyons and fell into the Salinas River. _ A.洼地两面的峡谷流出的涧水注入萨利纳斯河。 B.从峡谷洼地两面流出的涧水汇入萨利纳斯河。 C.从峡谷洼地的两面流出了涧水,注入萨利纳斯河。 D.洼地两面的峡谷都有涧水流出,汇入萨利纳斯河。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 “注入”一般是指大股的水流灌入某个地方,与本句中的主语 little streams(涧水)在搭配上不符,因此可以排除 A、C 两项。本句的正确语序为 Little streams

24、slipped.hill canyons from both side of the valley and.,由此可以看出 valley(洼地)的范围要大于 canyon(峡谷),因此 D 项的译文最符合。答案为 D。2.It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated. _ A.知道你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏,你就会力量倍增。 B.知道你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏,你就会坚定信念。 C.这会使你坚定地认识到,因为

25、你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。 D.这会使你进一步坚定信念,因为你的杰出事业是如此广泛地人们的尊敬和赞赏。(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 strengthen 意为加强、巩固(力量、能力等),一般不与“信念”相搭配,因此可以排除B、D 两项。C 项的译文前后语义不合,“认识到”后面应该是宾语,而不应是“因为”引导的原因状语。答案为 A。3.True friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost. _ A.真正的友谊就像健康一样,它的价值很少有人知道,直

26、到失去以后。 B.真正的友谊就像健康一样,它的价值直到失去后才被少数人知道。 C.真正的友谊就像健康一样,价值要到失去后才能体验到。 D.真正的友谊就像健康一样,失去了才觉得宝贵。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 A 项的译文语序不符合汉语的表达。seldom 修饰的是动词 know,而不是“人”seldom known 可以理解为“几乎不知道”,因此 B 项是错误的。与 C 项相比,D 项的译文简洁且意义明了。答案为 D。4.At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground r

27、eply._ A.现在,人们往往采取安全回答问题的态度,这样比较不偏不倚。 B.现在,人们有一种倾向,即选择不偏不倚地回答问题的安全方法。 C.现在,人们往往采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题,这样比较安全。 D.现在,人们有一种安全的选择倾向,即不偏不倚地回答问题。(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 原句中 middleground 修饰的是 reply,因此 A 项是错误的。D 项中也是同样的问题,safety 并不是用来修饰 tendency。与 B 项相比,C 项的语序更加符合汉语的表达习惯。答案为 C。5.What aids there were to lighten labo

28、r were immemorial, like the mill, which was already ancient in Chaucers time. _ A.像磨房一样的一些旨在减轻劳动强度的古代机械,在乔叟时代就已经是古董了。 B.一些旨在减轻劳动强度的机器不知从何时代起就有了,比如磨房,在乔叟时代就已经是古董了。 C.一些旨在减轻劳动强度的古代机械,比如磨房,在乔叟时代就已经是古董了。 D.像磨房一样的一些在乔叟时代就已经用了很久的机器,旨在减轻劳动强度,不知从何时代起就有了。(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 like the mill 在原文中是以插入语的方式出现,用

29、于举例说明,因此翻译时最好也译为一个插入语的形式,因此 A、D 项的译文不是很准确。C 项的译文混乱了原句的主谓语,主句应为What.were immemorial,后面 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只是起补充说明的作用,因此 C 项是错误的。答案为 B。6.这种果汁有苹果的味道。_ A.The juice tastes of apple. B.The juice tastes from apple. C.The juice tastes as an apple. D.The juice tastes like an apple.(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 taste

30、 of 意为(尝起来)有的味道,为固定结构,需要注意的是 of 后面的名词不用冠词。B、C 和 D 的译文貌似也符合语义,但是与 taste 搭配的结构是错误的。答案为 A。7.他把儿子锁在屋里,以免他再次逃学。_ A.He locked his son in, in case he play truant again. B.He locked his son in, in case he played truant again. C.He locked his son in, in case he might play truant again. D.He locked his son in

31、, in case he would play truant again.(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 in case 意为“以防,万一”,用于句子开头时,相当于 if,一般后面不用虚拟语气。但是当 in case 位于句中时,用于强调或建议从句表达的内容时,后面的句子要用虚拟语气的形式,即should+动词原形,其中 should 可以省略。因此四个句子中,只有 A 项的用法正确。答案为 A。8.做完那件事后,他就直接去了医院。_ A.That done he went straight to the hospital. B.That done, he went strai

32、ght to the hospital. C.He went straight to the hospital, that done. D.He went straight to the hospital that done.(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 独立主格的结构一般是将分句放于句首,且与主句用逗号隔开,因此从结构上来看,C、D两项是错误的。A 项中丢失了逗号。答案为 B。9.你把需要的那本书放在什么地方啦?_ A.Where have you put the book which needed? B.Where have you put the book that n

33、eeded? C.Where have you put the book needed? D.Where have you put the book to need?(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 book 与动词 need 之间为动宾关系,因此使用定语从句时,应为被动语态,所以 A、B 两项是错误的。need 做 book 的后置定语时,由于两者为动宾关系,need 应为过去分词的形式,即使是使用to do 的结构,也应添加 be 动词,因此 D 项是错误的。答案为 C。10.我们无论怎样赞美他的工作,都不过分。_ A.We should not praise him ver

34、y much for his work. B.We must not praise him very much for his work. C.We may not praise him too much for his work. D.We cannot praise him too much for his work.(分数:2.00)_解析:三、BB(总题数:5,分数:10.00)11.与鸠摩罗什的译文相比,玄奘的译文更_。 A.倾向于直译 B.倾向于意译 C.倾向于音译 D.倾向于意意结合(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:12.在 1954 年全国文学翻译工作会议上指出:“我们

35、对翻译工作决不能采取轻率的态度。翻译工作者必须具有高度的责任感。”_ A.傅雷 B.茅盾 C.郭沫若 D.王佐良(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:13.According to Eugene A. Nida, the extent to which the forms must be changed in order to preserve the meaning will depend upon the_distance between languages. A.1inguistic B.cultural C.structural D.1inguistic and cultural(

36、分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:14.原文:It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education.译文:告诫成年子女不要犯错误,那是没有用的,一来他们不听你的,二来犯错误本身也是受教育的一个重要部分。翻译本句时,译者运用的主要翻译方法是_。 A.省略法 B.增词法 C.词类转换法 D.反说正译(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解

37、析:15._is a strategy in which a transparent, fluent style is adopted in order to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for target language readers. This method is “an ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to target language cultural values, bringing the author back home. “ A.Literal translation B.Rigid translation C.Foreignization D.Domestication(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:四、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、BA(总题数:10,分数:10.00)16.gamma rays(分数:1.00)_正确答案:(伽马射线)解析:17.the New Testament(分数:1.00)_正

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