1、英语写作自考题-1 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1. Mt.St.HelensMt.St.Helens is a volcano in the state of Washington in the western United States. In May, 1980, it erupted with the force of a nuclear bomb. According to scientists, there had been no volcanic eruption to equal this one in the l
2、ast 4,000 years. When Mt.St.Helens exploded, it released energy that was greater than the bomb that destroyed Hiroshima, Japan. The force was strong enough to send 100 million tons of dust into the atmosphere. A force that strong had tremendous effects on the area around the volcano.The visible effe
3、cts were awesome. Once there had been green meadows and thick forests; after the eruption, there was black volcanic rock and ash. From the air, thousands of acres of trees looked like scattered matchsticks. Where there had once been clear streams and lakes, there were only bubbling pools of mud. Onc
4、e the mountain had stood tall; afterwards, most of its top and all of its north side were missing. The force of the eruption reduced the mountain from the fifth tallest in the state to the thirtieth tallest.The economic effects on the area were staggering. The U.S. Forest Service estimated that $200
5、 million worth of timber was destroyed. This was enough timber to build 200,000 homes. Businesses and homes simply disappeared under tons of rock, ash, and mud. The port of Portland, sixty miles to the south, was clogged with mud and ash. Cargo ships from all over the world suddenly sat helpless. Ec
6、onomists estimated the commercial and personal damages is the billions of dollars.Finally, the effects on human life were tragic. Thirty-four bodies were recovered in the weeks following the eruption; twenty-seven more people simply disappeared. Some of the sixty-one were photographers and scientist
7、s who were there to record the stirring of the mountain. They thought that there would be a warning before the final eruption; there was none. Other victims were campers and workers who were deceived by the apparent calm of the mountain that bright, sunny spring morning. Onea crusty, old man who own
8、ed a little resort five miles from the mountainhad refused to leave. He said that he was part of the mountain and the mountain was part of him. His words turned out to be true; his body was never found.（分数：20.00）_二、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2. BillA hill has been introduced in the United States Congress whic
9、h, if passed, would reduce the minimum wage for working teenagers under the age of 18. The minimum wage would be decreased a small amount for each year under 18 until the age of 15. A few teenagers react negatively towards the bill, but they are probably the lucky ones who have a job. Although these
10、 people would have to take a cut in pay, the bill has many advantages and should be passed.First of all, the idea of a reduced minimum wage would allow for the hiring of more teenagers. Unemployment is high for teens under 18, especially in minority groups. If the bill became a law, two teenagers wo
11、uld be hired for the price of one. Even though some people say that a business might hire teenagers in place of older people, this is highly unlikely. Most teens only work part-time and therefore would not interfere with hiring in the older work force.Putting more teenagers in the work force would b
12、e beneficial because the wages that they make would help their parents out financially. These teenagers would have their own spending money for dates, for gas, and for clothes. Also, putting more teenagers on the job could possibly reduce the crime rate among them. With some money in their pockets,
13、teenagers would not need to shoplift or to commit robbery.Some teens think the proposed wages would be so low. It would not be worth their working. However, a reduced wage does not mean that employers are free to pay unreasonably low wages. As it is, many small businesses pay below minimum wage now,
14、 and they have no trouble finding teenagers who are willing to work. In addition, no income tax is taken out for teenagers, so almost all their wages are pure income.Some people fear this bill will mark an end to the minimum wage requirements for everyone. These people are misinformed, for this mini
15、mum wage reduction would not affect anyone 18 or older. Instead it would mainly affect the teenagers that work during the summers and after school. These teenagers are making money to save and to spend for extras. They are not, in the main, breadwinners. The older teenagers and adults, who are bread
16、winners, would continue at their same salaries.The reduced minimum wage could also take a small burden off already aiding business that hires teenagers. If they do not have to pay so much for wages, the business could take the money saved and invest it in their own businesses. They could renew or ex
17、pand their machinery to increase production. Finally with the overall decrease in expenditures because of the reduced minimum wage, prices could go down, which would help to fight inflation.Although some younger teenagers do not want to take the wage cuts, this idea has many positive economic possib
18、ilities: it might help in solving problems with unemployed teens, parents financial burdens, crime, and revitalization of business. The bill deserves a chance.（分数：20.00）_三、B(总题数：1，分数：60.00)3.Write a description of your hometown.（分数：60.00）_英语写作自考题-1 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)1. Mt.
19、St.HelensMt.St.Helens is a volcano in the state of Washington in the western United States. In May, 1980, it erupted with the force of a nuclear bomb. According to scientists, there had been no volcanic eruption to equal this one in the last 4,000 years. When Mt.St.Helens exploded, it released energ
20、y that was greater than the bomb that destroyed Hiroshima, Japan. The force was strong enough to send 100 million tons of dust into the atmosphere. A force that strong had tremendous effects on the area around the volcano.The visible effects were awesome. Once there had been green meadows and thick
21、forests; after the eruption, there was black volcanic rock and ash. From the air, thousands of acres of trees looked like scattered matchsticks. Where there had once been clear streams and lakes, there were only bubbling pools of mud. Once the mountain had stood tall; afterwards, most of its top and
22、 all of its north side were missing. The force of the eruption reduced the mountain from the fifth tallest in the state to the thirtieth tallest.The economic effects on the area were staggering. The U.S. Forest Service estimated that $200 million worth of timber was destroyed. This was enough timber
23、 to build 200,000 homes. Businesses and homes simply disappeared under tons of rock, ash, and mud. The port of Portland, sixty miles to the south, was clogged with mud and ash. Cargo ships from all over the world suddenly sat helpless. Economists estimated the commercial and personal damages is the
24、billions of dollars.Finally, the effects on human life were tragic. Thirty-four bodies were recovered in the weeks following the eruption; twenty-seven more people simply disappeared. Some of the sixty-one were photographers and scientists who were there to record the stirring of the mountain. They
25、thought that there would be a warning before the final eruption; there was none. Other victims were campers and workers who were deceived by the apparent calm of the mountain that bright, sunny spring morning. Onea crusty, old man who owned a little resort five miles from the mountainhad refused to
26、leave. He said that he was part of the mountain and the mountain was part of him. His words turned out to be true; his body was never found.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(All in all, it is impossible to calculate the total effects of the eruption. It will take thousands of years for the geographical damage to be
27、erased. The economy of the area will perhaps never recover. Businesses have closed, never to reopen; the lakes and rivers, which had attracted visitors, are gone forever; the logging industry had no trees to cut. Human life, of course, can never be replaced.)解析：解析 浏览全文可知，这篇记叙文包括三大部分：开头段、数个主体段和结论段。开头
28、段为第一段，介绍了 Mt.St.Helens火山的起源及发展情况(导入语)。这样的火山给它周围的环境带来了很大的影响(主题思想句)。在第二四段中讲述了火山对周围环境、人们生活的巨大影响。文章的展开方式是采用的列举法。在准确判断原文的写作方式和写作特点后，我们在补充缺省段落时，就可以采用类似的方法，这样保证整个主体段落的连贯与一致性就很容易了。二、B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2. BillA hill has been introduced in the United States Congress which, if passed, would reduce the minimum wa
29、ge for working teenagers under the age of 18. The minimum wage would be decreased a small amount for each year under 18 until the age of 15. A few teenagers react negatively towards the bill, but they are probably the lucky ones who have a job. Although these people would have to take a cut in pay,
30、the bill has many advantages and should be passed.First of all, the idea of a reduced minimum wage would allow for the hiring of more teenagers. Unemployment is high for teens under 18, especially in minority groups. If the bill became a law, two teenagers would be hired for the price of one. Even t
31、hough some people say that a business might hire teenagers in place of older people, this is highly unlikely. Most teens only work part-time and therefore would not interfere with hiring in the older work force.Putting more teenagers in the work force would be beneficial because the wages that they
32、make would help their parents out financially. These teenagers would have their own spending money for dates, for gas, and for clothes. Also, putting more teenagers on the job could possibly reduce the crime rate among them. With some money in their pockets, teenagers would not need to shoplift or t
33、o commit robbery.Some teens think the proposed wages would be so low. It would not be worth their working. However, a reduced wage does not mean that employers are free to pay unreasonably low wages. As it is, many small businesses pay below minimum wage now, and they have no trouble finding teenage
34、rs who are willing to work. In addition, no income tax is taken out for teenagers, so almost all their wages are pure income.Some people fear this bill will mark an end to the minimum wage requirements for everyone. These people are misinformed, for this minimum wage reduction would not affect anyon
35、e 18 or older. Instead it would mainly affect the teenagers that work during the summers and after school. These teenagers are making money to save and to spend for extras. They are not, in the main, breadwinners. The older teenagers and adults, who are breadwinners, would continue at their same sal
36、aries.The reduced minimum wage could also take a small burden off already aiding business that hires teenagers. If they do not have to pay so much for wages, the business could take the money saved and invest it in their own businesses. They could renew or expand their machinery to increase producti
37、on. Finally with the overall decrease in expenditures because of the reduced minimum wage, prices could go down, which would help to fight inflation.Although some younger teenagers do not want to take the wage cuts, this idea has many positive economic possibilities: it might help in solving problem
38、s with unemployed teens, parents financial burdens, crime, and revitalization of business. The bill deserves a chance.（分数：20.00）_正确答案：(. The introduction of the bill . The advantages of the bill A. Benefits to teenagers 1. Increasing of hiring chance 2. Helping parents by earning ones own spending m
39、oney 3. Reducing the crime rate among teenagers 4. Pure income B. No affection to others C. Benefits to business)解析：解析 这样的题相对来说比较容易，我们在答题时，只要找出文章中相应的句子，对号入座即可。下面我们具体来分析一下本题。 第一段：作者介绍了 bill的由来。说到 bill的出现，对于已经工作的十八岁以下的青少年来说，他们的最低工资额度减少了。 第二段：讲到了 bill的出现给青少年带来的很多优势。首先，可以让青少年们获得更多被雇佣的机会。 第三段：青少年工作可以使得他们
40、的父母在经济上减轻了一些负担。 第四段：对于青少年的薪水，国家是不收税的，这样他们挣的工资是净工资。 第五段：讲到 bill的出现除了对青少年有影响之外，不会影响其他人。 第六段：bill 的另一个好处就是在生意上带来优势。 第七段：作者强调了 bill带来的积极影响。三、B(总题数：1，分数：60.00)3.Write a description of your hometown.（分数：60.00）_正确答案：( My HometownMy hometown used to be as bare as a picked bone, with no tree anywhere around
41、it larger than a ten-foot willow or alder. Now it is a grove. My memory gropes uneasily, trying to establish itself among fifty-foot cottonwoods, lilac and honeysuckle hedges and flower gardens. Searched for, plenty of familiarities are there: the Pastime Theater, identical with the one that sits ac
42、ross Main Street from the firehouse in my mind; the lumber yard where we used to get cloth caps advertising De Laval Cream Separators; two or three hardware stores (a prairie wheat town specializes in hardware stores), though each one now has a lot full of farm machinery next to it; the hotel, just
43、as it was rebuilt after the fire; the bank, now remodeled into the post office; the Presbyterian church, now United, and the Leader office, and the square brick prison of the school, now with three smaller prisons added to it. These are old acquaintances that I can check against their replicas in my
44、 head and take satisfaction from. But among them are the evidences of Progress-hospital, Masonic Lodge, at least one new elevator, a big Quonset-like skating rinkand all tree-shaded, altered, and distorted, and made vaguely disturbing by greenery. In the old days we all used to try to grow trees, tr
45、ansplanting them from the Hills or getting them free with any two-dollar purchase from one of the stores, but they always dried up and died. To me, who came expecting a dusty hamlet, the change is charming, but memory has been fixed by time as photographs fix the faces of the dead, and this reality
46、is dreamlike. I cannot find myself or my family or my companions in it.)解析：解析 要求写一篇描写文。首先，我们要清楚在多数情况下，地点描写是为了给所描述的人物和事件建立一种突出的感受和氛围，从而揭示所描写的人物个性以及所处的特定情景。地点描写的方法因人而异，因文章而异，可以为空间顺序，由远到近或由近到远，由左到右或由右到左，由上到下或由下到上，也可以事件为顺序。从应试的角度出发，文章的主题思想句，如：My hometown used to be as bare as a picked bone, with no tree anywhere around it larger than a tenfoot willow or alder. 来描述家乡过去的情况。紧接着我们可以在使用 Now it is a grove. My memory gropes uneasily, trying to establish itself among fifty-foot cottonwoods，lilac and honeysuckle hedges and flower gardens. 来描述家乡现在的状况。尽力选择最能打动人之处和最富感染力之处。
