1、英语词汇学自考题-10 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.We consider that the written form of a natural language is the written record of the _ form. A. written B. practical C. oral D. grammatical（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2._ refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sci
2、ences, trades and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Argot C. Jargon D. Archaism（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Which of the following doesnt belong to the translation-loans?_ A. Mother tongue. B. Long time no see. C. Black humour. D. Status quo.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Which of the following is not
3、 included in the Germanic tribes?_ A. Angles. B. Celtic. C. Saxons. D. Jutes.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Which of the following is not true about Old English?_ A. Users of Old English borrowed heavily from Latin and other languages. B. Old English has a vocabulary of about 50000 to 60000. C. Old English refe
4、rs to the English language used from 450 to 1150. D. Old English was a highly inflected language.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.In modern times, _ is the most important way of vocabulary expansion. A. creation B. semantic change C. borrowing D. reviving archaic or obsolete words（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.In the word “c
5、ontradiction“, the morpheme “-diet“ is a(an) _. A. free root B. bound root C. free morpheme D. affix（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Word formation excludes _. A. affixation and compounding B. conversion and shortening C. chipping, acronymy and blending D. repetition and alliteration（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The primary
6、 function of suffixes is to _. A. change the word-class of roots B. change the meaning of stems C. change the grammatical function of stems D. change the structure of roots（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The following are all denominal suffixes except _. A. -ful B. -wise C. -less D. -like（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The
7、 “house“ in “the peasant housed him“ belongs to the conversion _. A. between noun and adjective B. between noun and verb C. between verb and adjective D. none of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.A word is the combination of form and _. A. spelling B. writing C. meaning D. denoting（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Wal
8、kman is a _ motivated word. A. onomatopoeically B. morphologically C. semantically D. etymologically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Stylistic meaning refers to the features of _ of words. A. formality B. affectiveness C. appropriateness D. part of speech（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The problem of interrelation of the va
9、rious meanings of the same word can be dealt with from _ different angles. A. one B. two C. three D. four（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.16.Of the types of homonyms, _ constitute the largest number and are most common. A. perfect homonyms B. homophones C. homographs D. antonymy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17._ is contrary ant
10、onymy. A. “True“ and “false“ B. “Rich“ and “poor“ C. “Parent“ and “child“ D. “Male“ and “female“（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.Extension of meaning is known as _. A. elevation B. generalization C. transfer D. degradation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.The semantic change of the word “girl“ from “a young person of either s
11、ex“ to “female young person“ is called _. A. extension B. narrowing C. degradation D. elevation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.In the sentence “She said with an embarrassed laugh. “, the word “embarrassed“ can be classified into _ sense of transfer. A. subjective B. objective C. sensational D. physical（分数：1.00）
12、A.B.C.D.21._ is very important for the understanding of word-meaning. A. Spelling B. Pronunciation C. Context D. None of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.The sentence “He is a hard businessman. “ is ambiguous due to _. A. grammatical structure B. lexical context C. homonymy D. polysemy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2
13、3.In a broad sense, idioms may include _. A. colloquialisms B. catchphrases C. slang expressions D. all the above and others（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.Let the dog see the rabbit is an idiom _. A. nominal in nature B. adjectival in nature C. verbal in nature D. adverbial in nature（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25.“Hang i
14、n there, old buddy: the worst is yet to come. “ In this sentence, “Hang in there“ uses _. A. colloquialisms B. slang C. literary expressions D. alliteration（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26._ refers to idioms in which the name of one thing is used for that of another associated with it. A. Personification B. Euph
15、emism C. Synecdoche D. Metonymy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27.Linguistic dictionaries usually cover such areas as _. A. spelling and pronunciation B. meaning and grammatical function C. usage and etymology D. all the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28.A geographical dictionary is called _. A. yearbook B. gazetteer C. ma
16、nual D. lexicon（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.CCELD is a brand new dictionary, similar in scope and size to _. A. Webster B. Longman C. Oxford D. Collins（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.The main entries are generally defined or explained in the same language with translations are _. A. monolingual dictionaries B. bilingual
17、 dictionaries C. encyclopedic dictionaries D. pocket dictionaries（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B(总题数：10，分数：15.00)31.Content words are changing all the time whereas 1 words are stable.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_32.It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to the present 1 language
18、.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_33.The number of 1 affixes is small and stable.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_34. 1 is the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of social and political organizations or special phrases and technical terms.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_35.By 1 motivation, we mean that the meaning
19、of a particular word is related to its origin.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_36.Red, scarlet, mauve, violet, lavender, pansy, black, purple, etc., make up the 1 field of “colours“.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_37.The attitudes of classes have also made inroads into lexical meaning in the case of elevation or 1.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_3
20、8.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is 1 context.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_39.The dominant sense of the word dictionary for English-speaking people is a book which presents in 1 order the words of English.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_40. 1 dictionaries concentrate on a particular area of langu
21、age or knowledge, treating such diverse topics as etymology, synonyms, idioms, etc.（分数：1.50）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)41.semantic change（分数：3.00）_pounding（分数：3.00）_43.4a. primary meaning（分数：3.00）_44.lexical context（分数：3.00）_45.pocket dictionaries（分数：3.00）_四、B(总题数：4，分数：20.00)46.Analyse the morphologi
22、cal structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes: unfriendly, interpersonal, fore-telling.（分数：5.00）_47.What is the difference between partial and full conversion? Explain with two examples.（分数：5.00）_48.To comment on the rhetorical use of homophones in the following ad:
23、Seven days without 7-Up make one weak.（分数：5.00）_49.State the difference among the three terms: linguistic context, grammatical context and context clue.（分数：5.00）_五、B(总题数：2，分数：20.00)50.(1)Women are flowers. (2)Women are tigers. Study the above sentences. Analyze “women“s grammatical meaning, conceptu
24、al meaning and connotative meaning in each sentence.（分数：10.00）_51.Comment on the sentence: “structural stability of idioms is absolutely unchangeable“ and explain the reasons.（分数：10.00）_英语词汇学自考题-10 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：30，分数：30.00)1.We consider that the written form of a natural languag
25、e is the written record of the _ form. A. written B. practical C. oral D. grammatical（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 It is generally agreed that the written form of a natural language is the written record of the oral form. 一般认为，一门自然语言的书写形式是该语言口语形式的记录。答案为 C。2._ refers to the specialized vocabularies by whic
26、h members of particular arts, sciences, trades and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Argot C. Jargon D. Archaism（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Jargon refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades and professions communicate among themselves
27、. 行话是流行于艺术、科学、商业和其他职业内部的专有词汇。答案为 C。3.Which of the following doesnt belong to the translation-loans?_ A. Mother tongue. B. Long time no see. C. Black humour. D. Status quo.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 译借词是利用母语现有的词语但在构词模式上模仿了外语构成的词。Mother tongue(母语)译自 lingua materna(拉丁语)，long time no see 译自汉语的“好久不见”，black
28、humor(黑色幽默)译自 humour noir(法语)，status quo 是英语词汇。答案为 D。4.Which of the following is not included in the Germanic tribes?_ A. Angles. B. Celtic. C. Saxons. D. Jutes.（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 After the Romans, the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons, and Jutes came in great numbers. 继古罗马人之后，盎格鲁、撒克逊和朱特 3
29、个日耳曼部落大批入侵英伦三岛。凯尔特人不属于日耳曼部落。答案为 B。5.Which of the following is not true about Old English?_ A. Users of Old English borrowed heavily from Latin and other languages. B. Old English has a vocabulary of about 50000 to 60000. C. Old English refers to the English language used from 450 to 1150. D. Old Eng
30、lish was a highly inflected language.（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Users of Old English did not borrow as heavily from Latin or other languages in this period as they did later，故 A 错误。答案为 A。6.In modern times, _ is the most important way of vocabulary expansion. A. creation B. semantic change C. borrowing
31、D. reviving archaic or obsolete words（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 In modern times, creation is the most important way of vocabulary expansion. 答案为 A。7.In the word “contradiction“, the morpheme “-diet“ is a(an) _. A. free root B. bound root C. free morpheme D. affix（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 词素-dict 必须与别的词素结
32、合在一起才能构成词，因此判断，在“contradiction”一词中，词素“-dict”是 bound root。粘附词根就如自。由词根一样，是带有基本意义的词的组成部分。与自由词根不同的是，粘附词根是一种粘附形式，必须与别的词素结合在一起才能构成词。答案为 B。8.Word formation excludes _. A. affixation and compounding B. conversion and shortening C. chipping, acronymy and blending D. repetition and alliteration（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
33、D. 解析：解析 The most productive means of word-formation are affixation, compounding and conversion. The rest of the new words come from shortening including clipping and acronymy together with blending and other means. 最为多产的方式是词缀法、复合法和转类法。剩余的新词来自缩略法，包括截短法和首字拼音法，加上自拼法和其他途径。答案为 D。9.The primary function o
34、f suffixes is to _. A. change the word-class of roots B. change the meaning of stems C. change the grammatical function of stems D. change the structure of roots（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 The primary function of suffixes is to change the grammatical function of stems. 后缀的主要功用是改变词干意义的语法功能。答案为 C。10.The f
35、ollowing are all denominal suffixes except _. A. -ful B. -wise C. -less D. -like（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 -wise 是副词后缀。答案为 B。11.The “house“ in “the peasant housed him“ belongs to the conversion _. A. between noun and adjective B. between noun and verb C. between verb and adjective D. none of the above（
36、分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 house 在“the peasant housed him”中作动词用，表示“提供住处”，而 house 原本是名词，因此这是名词和动词之间的转类。答案为 B。12.A word is the combination of form and _. A. spelling B. writing C. meaning D. denoting（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 We know that a word is the combination of form and meaning. 我们知道词是形式和意义的结合体。答案为 C。1
37、3.Walkman is a _ motivated word. A. onomatopoeically B. morphologically C. semantically D. etymologically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 walkman(随身听)源于商标名 Walkman，因此属于词源理据。答案为 D。14.Stylistic meaning refers to the features of _ of words. A. formality B. affectiveness C. appropriateness D. part of speech（分数：1
38、.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 在某些词典中，词的文体特征被标明为“正式”、“非正式”、“书面的”、“古词的”、“俚语”等，不同的场合适用不同的正式程度的词，所以文体意义是指词的正式程度。答案为 A。15.The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from _ different angles. A. one B. two C. three D. four（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 The problem of interrelatio
39、n of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from two different angles: diachronic approach and synchronic approach. 答案为B。16.Of the types of homonyms, _ constitute the largest number and are most common. A. perfect homonyms B. homophones C. homographs D. antonymy（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：
40、解析 Of the three types, homophones constitute the largest number and are most common. 答案为 B。17._ is contrary antonymy. A. “True“ and “false“ B. “Rich“ and “poor“ C. “Parent“ and “child“ D. “Male“ and “female“（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 true(对)与 false(错)，male(男性)与 female(女性)这两对反义词属于互为矛盾的反义词，肯定一方就否定另一方。par
41、ent(家长)与 child(孩子)属于表示相互关系的反义词，是互为依托的。rich(富)与 poor(穷)可视为在两极之间的尺度上有相互关系，属于相对反义词，即 contrary terms。答案为 B。18.Extension of meaning is known as _. A. elevation B. generalization C. transfer D. degradation（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Extension of meaning is also known as generalization. 词义的扩大也称普遍化。答案为 B。19.The
42、 semantic change of the word “girl“ from “a young person of either sex“ to “female young person“ is called _. A. extension B. narrowing C. degradation D. elevation（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 girl 的词语显然缩小了，因此属于词义缩小。答案为 B。20.In the sentence “She said with an embarrassed laugh. “, the word “embarrassed“ ca
43、n be classified into _ sense of transfer. A. subjective B. objective C. sensational D. physical（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 embarrassed 一词表示“感到尴尬的”，是主观的，属于主观意义的转移，即 subjective sense of transfer。答案为 A。21._ is very important for the understanding of word-meaning. A. Spelling B. Pronunciation C. Context D. None of the above（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 Context is very important for the understanding of word-meaning. 语境在词义的理解上起着举足轻重的作用。答案为 C。22.The sentence “He is a hard businessman. “ is ambiguo
