1、英语词汇学自考题-22 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：13，分数：13.00)1.Which of the following words is not formed through clipping?_ A. Dorm. B. Motel. C. Gent. D. Zoo.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2._ are words pronounced letter by letter. A. Initialisms B. Acronyms C. Blends D. Clips（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Of the following w
2、ords, _ is an initialism. A. UN B. NATO C. BASIC D. UNESCO（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.“BBC“ is formed in the way of _. A. initialism B. clipping C. back-formation D. prefixation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.“TV“ is a(n) _. A. initialism B. acronym C. derivative D. compound（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Back-formation is considered
3、 to be the opposite process of _. A. prefixation B. suffixation C. acronymy D. conversion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Stylistically, back-formed words are largely _ and some of them have not gained public acceptance. A. formal B. adjectives C. human nouns D. informal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The word “sandwich“ whic
4、h now denotes a popular fast food originates from _. A. Faraday B. John Montague C. Bloomers D. Thomas More（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _. A. names of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Rugby, afghan and champagne are words com
5、ing from _. A. names of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Utopia, Odyssey and Babbit are words from _. A. names of hooks B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Which of the following words is not from Chinese?_ A. Tea. B. Ket
6、chup. C. Kungfu. D. Czar.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Omega, Xerox and orlon are words from _. A. names of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B(总题数：22，分数：44.00)14.Affixes and compounding processes may become 1 on one time.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_15.Not all the words that are
7、produced by applying the word-forming rule are 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_16.The process of changing the word “possible“ into “impossible“ is called 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_17.New words which are created by adding affixes to stems are called 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_18. 1 is the formation of new words by adding prefixes
8、to stems.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_19.The majority of prefixes are 1 by their non-class-changing nature.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_20.Affixation, also called 1, is one of the word formations.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_21.Derivational affixes can he further divided into 1 and suffixes.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_22.Prefixes are those affixes t
9、hat added to the head of words, which primarily do not change the 1 of the stem.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_23.The chief function of 1 is not to change the word class of the stem, but to change its meaning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_24.Compounds and derived words are 1 words and the meanings of many are the sum total of t
10、he morphemes combined.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_25.The open 1 are the same in form as free phrases.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_26.The stress patterns of compounds are not 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_27.Compounds are different from free phrases in 1 unity.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_28.A compound tends to play a single 1 role in a sentence.（分数
11、：2.00）填空项 1:_29.An alternative for conversion is 1 shift.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_30.Almost all monomorphemic verbs can be used as nouns, which are 1 related to the original verbs in various ways according to Quirk et al.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_31.Such words as “the richer“, “the poor“, “the most corrupt“ are all ex
12、amples of 1 conversion.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_32.The words “autocide“ and “telex“ are formed by 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_33.With the development of market economy psywar becomes more and more popular. “Psywar“ means 1 war.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_34. 1 is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a wor
13、d plus a part of another word.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_35.A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead. This is called 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、B(总题数：5，分数：15.00)36.word-formation（分数：3.00）_37.affixation（分数：3.00）_pounding（分数：3.00）_39.con
14、version（分数：3.00）_40.acronyms（分数：3.00）_四、B(总题数：11，分数：22.00)41.What is the best way to classify prefixes? Why?（分数：2.00）_42.What is the difference between prefixes and suffixes in function?（分数：2.00）_43.What is suffixation? Give an example to illustrate your point.（分数：2.00）_44.What is compounding? What
15、are the relative criteria of a compound?（分数：2.00）_45.How do you distinguish compounds from free phrases? Give examples to support your point.（分数：2.00）_46.What are the semantic features of compounds? Give an example to illustrate your point.（分数：2.00）_47.In what way are compound verbs generally formed
16、? Give examples to illustrate your point.（分数：2.00）_48.What is the difference between partial and full conversion? Explain them with examples.（分数：2.00）_49.Both initialisms and acronyms are formed to a certain extent from initial letters. Is there any difference between them? Illustrate your point wit
17、h examples.（分数：2.00）_50.Illustrate the differences between initialisms and acronyms with examples.（分数：2.00）_51.Illustrate with examples the types of words from proper names.（分数：2.00）_五、B(总题数：3，分数：6.00)52.Comment on the following groups to illustrate the difference between partial and full conversion
18、. Group 1: “whitea white, finalfinals“ Group 2: “richthe rich, woundedthe wounded“（分数：2.00）_53.Comment on the following groups of words to illustrate semantic features and grammatical features of compounds. Group 1: “a green hand“, “flowerpot“ Group 2: “bad-mouth“, “new-borns“（分数：2.00）_54.Point out
19、the formation of the following words: skylab, VOA, malpractice.（分数：2.00）_英语词汇学自考题-22 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：13，分数：13.00)1.Which of the following words is not formed through clipping?_ A. Dorm. B. Motel. C. Gent. D. Zoo.（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 dorm 截自 dormitory，gent 截自 gentlemen，zoo 截自 zoo
20、logical garden。而 motel 是通过拼缀法形成的，源自 motor(汽车)+hotel(宾馆)。答案为 B。2._ are words pronounced letter by letter. A. Initialisms B. Acronyms C. Blends D. Clips（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter首字母缩略词的读音是一个字母一个字母地念。答案为 A。3.Of the following words, _ is an initialism. A. U
21、N B. NATO C. BASIC D. UNESCO（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Initialisms are words pronounced letter by letter首字母缩略词的读音是一个字母一个字母地念。BCD 都是拼读的。答案为 A。4.“BBC“ is formed in the way of _. A. initialism B. clipping C. back-formation D. prefixation（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 BBC 三个字母代表的三个单词是 British Broadcasting Corpora
22、tion(英语广播公司)，属于首字母缩略词，即 initialism。答案为 A。5.“TV“ is a(n) _. A. initialism B. acronym C. derivative D. compound（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 TV 代表的是 television。首字母缩略词可有两种，一是字母代表整个单词，二是字母代表复合词的组成部分或一个单词的组成部分。答案为 A。6.Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of _. A. prefixation B. suffixation C
23、. acronymy D. conversion（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of suffixation逆生法被认为是后缀法的对立过程。答案为 B。7.Stylistically, back-formed words are largely _ and some of them have not gained public acceptance. A. formal B. adjectives C. human nouns D. informal（分数：1.00）
24、A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Stylistically, back-formed words are largely informal and some of them have not gained public acceptance逆生构词在文体上主要是非正式的类型，而且其中的有些词并不被公众所接受。答案为 D。8.The word “sandwich“ which now denotes a popular fast food originates from _. A. Faraday B. John Montague C. Bloomers D. Thomas More（分数：1.0
25、0）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 The word sandwich, which now denotes a popular fast food. It originates from John Montague, Fourth Earl of Sandwich in 18th-century England. sandwich 这个单词源于英国 18世纪三明治第四代伯爵 John Montague。答案为 B。9.Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _. A. names of books B. names of places C. names
26、 of people D. tradenames（分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 mackintosh(风雨衣)是苏格兰发明家 Mackintosh 发明的；blommers(布鲁姆衣服)是由纽约Bloomers 夫人发明的；cherub(天真可爱的男童)来源于 Cherub(小天使)，神话人物名。可见，都是以人名来命名的。答案为 C。10.Rugby, afghan and champagne are words coming from _. A. names of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradename
27、s（分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 rugby(橄榄球)起源于曾以橄榄球闻名的英国 Rugby(拉格比)学校；afghan(一种织毯)原产于 Afghanistan(阿富汗)；champagne(香槟酒)原产于法国的 Champagne(香槟)。可见，都是以地名来命名的。答案为 B。11.Utopia, Odyssey and Babbit are words from _. A. names of hooks B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 Utopia(乌托邦
28、)源于 Thomas More 爵士所著的 Utopia乌托邦；odyssey(长期的漂泊)源于 Homer(荷马)的 The Odyssey(奥德赛)，此书描写了 Odysseus(奥德修斯)在攻破了特洛伊城后所经历的各种艰苦的漂泊生活；Babbit(一个只关心事业和职位，只关注文艺和文化的人)源于 Sinclair Lewis 的小说 Babbit巴比特。答案为 A。12.Which of the following words is not from Chinese?_ A. Tea. B. Ketchup. C. Kungfu. D. Czar.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析
29、：解析 Czar(沙皇)指 1917 年以前俄国的皇帝，源自罗马皇帝凯撒(Caesar)，现指任何权力至高无上的人。答案为 D。13.Omega, Xerox and orlon are words from _. A. names of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 Omega，Orlon 和 Xerox 都是商标名。答案为 D。二、B(总题数：22，分数：44.00)14.Affixes and compounding processes may become
30、 1 on one time.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：productive）解析：解析 在某一时期内词缀法和复合法可能会有很强的什么性?Affixes and compounding processes may become productive on one time答案为 productive。15.Not all the words that are produced by applying the word-forming rule are 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：acceptable）解析：解析 并不是所有由构词规则构成的词都是怎么样的
31、?Not all the words that are produced by applying the rule of wordformation are acceptable答案为 acceptable。16.The process of changing the word “possible“ into “impossible“ is called 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：prefixation）解析：解析 前缀法是指在词干上加前缀构成新词的一种方法。从语义的角度可把前缀分为 9 类，表示否定意义的前缀是其中的一种。表示否定意义的前缀有 a-，dis-，in-，
32、il-，im-，non-，un-等。答案为 prefixation。17.New words which are created by adding affixes to stems are called 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：derivatives）解析：解析 通过给词干加词缀构成的新词叫做什么?Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivational affixes to stems. This process is also
33、known as derivation. The words formed in this way are called derivatives答案为derivatives。18. 1 is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to stems.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Prefixation）解析：解析 在词干上加前缀构词叫什么?Prefixation is the formation of new words by adding prefixes to stems答案为 Prefixation。19.The maj
34、ority of prefixes are 1 by their non-class-changing nature.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：characterized）解析：解析 绝大部分前缀是不改变词类的。The majority of prefixes are characterized by their non-class-changing nature答案为 characterized。20.Affixation, also called 1, is one of the word formations.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：deriva
35、tion）解析：解析 词缀法，又称为什么，是构词法之一?This process is also known as derivation答案为 derivation。21.Derivational affixes can he further divided into 1 and suffixes.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：prefixes）解析：解析 派生词缀可进一步分为什么和后缀?Derivational affixes can be further divided into prefixes and suffixes答案为 prefixes。22.Prefixes a
36、re those affixes that added to the head of words, which primarily do not change the 1 of the stem.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：word-class）解析：解析 前缀是指在词干前加词，一般不改变词干的什么部分?Prefixes are added in the head of words, which primarily do not change the word-class of the stem答案为 word-class。23.The chief function of 1
37、 is not to change the word class of the stem, but to change its meaning.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：prefixes）解析：解析 什么的首要功能不是改变词干词类，而是去改变其意义?绝大部分的前缀都是不改变词类的，他们的主要功能是改变词干的意义。答案为 prefixes。24.Compounds and derived words are 1 words and the meanings of many are the sum total of the morphemes combined.（分数：2.00
38、）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：multi-morphemic）解析：解析 复合词和派生词属于什么单词，并且大部分单词的意思就是组成这个单词的词素意思的综合。原文中有相关的阐述：So a compound is a “lexical“ unit consisting of more than one stem and functioning both grammatically and semantically答案为 multi-morphemic。25.The open 1 are the same in form as free phrases.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：
39、compounds）解析：解析 分写的什么在形式上如同自由词组?Open compounds are the same in form as free phrases答案为 compounds。26.The stress patterns of compounds are not 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：absolute）解析：解析 复合词的重音读法不是怎么样的?The stress patterns of compounds are not absolute答案为 absolute。27.Compounds are different from free phras
40、es in 1 unity.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：semantic）解析：解析 复合词在什么统一性上与自由词组存在差异?Compounds are different from free phrases in semantic unity答案为 semantic。28.A compound tends to play a single 1 role in a sentence.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：grammatical）解析：解析 复合词在句子里作什么独立成分?A compound tends to play a single grammatical role in a sentence答案为 grammatical。29.An alternative for conversion is 1 shift.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：functional）解析：解析 题干译文：转化词的选择也就是它的什么变化?Since the words do not change in morpholog
