1、英语词汇学自考题模拟 21及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.“I“m certain that she will come tomorrow.“ There are _ content words in the above sentence.（分数：1.00）A.2B.3C.4D.52.Which of the following is NOT a new word brought about by growth of science and technology?（分数：1.00）A.Earthrise.B.Chemistry.C.Astrobiology.D.Meg
2、avitamin.3.There are _ morphemes in the word denaturalization.（分数：1.00）A.2B.3C.4D.54.“Drunk“ (noun) is a word formed by _.（分数：1.00）A.prefixationB.compoundingC.conversionD.blending5.The word “N-bomb“ is a(n) _.（分数：1.00）A.initialismB.acronymC.derivativeD.compound6.The prefix “fore-“ in the word “foreh
3、ead“ is a _ prefix.（分数：1.00）A.negativeB.reversafiveC.pejorativeD.locative7.Words are arbitrary symbols with _ relation to one another.（分数：1.00）A.linguisticB.semanticC.grammaticalD.pragmatic8.In the sentence “Nails are thin growths at the end of the fingers. “ the word “growths“ is an example of tran
4、sfer _.（分数：1.00）A.from abstract meaning to concrete meaningB.from concrete meaning to abstract meaningC.of subjective senseD.of objective sense9.“Wide of the mark“ is an idiom _ in nature.（分数：1.00）A.adjectivalB.verbalC.adverbialD.nominal10.The idiom “in the cradle“ is (a) _ as far as figures of spee
5、ch are concerned.（分数：1.00）A.synecdocheB.metonymyC.personificationD.metaphor11.Words of the basic word stock can each be used alone, and at the same time can form new words with other roots and affixes. E. g. , “dog“ can form new words with other morphemes: “dogfight“, “doghole“ and “dogsleep“. This
6、demonstrates that one of the characteristics of the words of the basic stock is _.（分数：1.00）A.productivityB.polysemyC.stabilityD.collocability12.In the early period of Modern English, Europe saw a new upsurge of learning ancient _ and Roman classics. This was known in history as the Renaissance.（分数：1
7、.00）A.IndiaB.GermanC.GreekD.Chinese13.There is/are _ mono-morphemic word(s) in the following words: bad, cow, geese, watches.（分数：1.00）A.1B.2C.3D.414.The plural morpheme “-s“ is pronounced as/s/in the following words EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.marksB.dragsC.shopsD.sheets15.In English there are _ types of mo
8、tivation as far as the relationship between the sign and meaning is concerned.（分数：1.00）A.2B.6C.4D.516.What is applicable to _ of some antonyms may not be applicable to their relative terms.（分数：1.00）A.connotative termsB.collocative termsC.contradictory termsD.negative terms17.The main functions of ve
9、rbal context include _.（分数：1.00）A.elimination of ambiguityB.indication of referentsC.provision of clues for inferring word-meaningD.all the above18.Which of the following about extra-linguistic context is true?（分数：1.00）A.It can be subdivided into extra-linguistic context and non-linguistic context.B
10、.It only refers to the physical situation or environment relating to the use of words.C.It embraces the people, time, size and place.D.It may extend to embrace the entire cultural background.19.The change of idiom from “fortune“s wheel“ to “the wheel of fortune“ is _.（分数：1.00）A.replacementB.position
11、-shiftingC.additionD.shortening20.As most words are _, the senses of words are arranged in different ways in dictionaries.（分数：1.00）A.mono-morphemicB.polysemanticC.analyticD.none of the above21.Which of the following dictionaries is a specialized dictionary?（分数：1.00）A.The Oxford Dictionary of English
12、 Etymology.B.Webster“s Third New International Dictionary.C.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.D.The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Ninth Edition.22.Which of the following does not belong to associative meaning?（分数：1.00）A.Connotative meaning.B.Stylistic meaning.C.Affective meaning.D.Primary mean
13、ing.23.The following are content words EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.verbsB.nounsC.articlesD.adjectives24.Which of the following is not one type of idioms?（分数：1.00）A.Sentence idioms.B.Idioms nominal in nature.C.Idioms adverbial in nature.D.Clausal idioms.25.The words “angel“, “martyr“, “paradise“ were elevate
14、d as a result of the influence of _.（分数：1.00）A.Norman conquestB.ChristianityC.Chinese languageD.other European languages26.For beginners and lower-intermediate learners, a _ dictionary is essential as they do not know enough of the target language.（分数：1.00）A.mono-lingualB.bilingualC.unabridgedD.spec
15、ialized27.Phonetic manipulation includes two aspects which go as follows: (1) alliteration (2) rhyme (3) reiteration (4) juxtaposition（分数：1.00）A.(1)and(2)B.(1),(2),(3)and(4)C.(3)and(4)D.(1),(2)and(3)28.The following can cause ambiguity EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.polysemyB.homonymyC.grammatical structureD.v
16、ariations of idioms29.The word “disease“ which originally meant “discomfort“ but now denotes “illness“ has undergone _.（分数：1.00）A.narrowingB.elevationC.degradationD.expansion30._ are best viewed in terms of a scale running between two poles or extremes.（分数：1.00）A.Contradictory termsB.Relative termsC
17、.Contrary termsD.None of the above31.Degradation or 1 of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. （分数：1.50）32.In Middle English period, 1 was an influential language until the 13th century when English came back. （分数：1.50）33. 1 of the total number of new words in English vocabulary were produc
18、ed through affixation. （分数：1.50）34.The method of creating words by removing the 1 is called back-formation. （分数：1.50）35.Motivation deals with the connection between the linguistic symbols and 1. （分数：1.50）36.When a common word is turned into a proper noun, its meaning is 1. （分数：1.50）37.In a narrow se
19、nse, 1 refers to the words, clauses, sentences in which a word appears. （分数：1.50）38.The general estimate of the present-day English vocabulary is over one 1 words. （分数：1.50）39.In the process of 1, each of the later meaning is only relative to the preceding one like chains. （分数：1.50）40.Usually, peopl
20、e use “tremble with fear“, not “quiver with fear“; this can be an example of 1. （分数：1.50）41.argot （分数：3.00）_42.context clues （分数：3.00）_43.pormanteau words （分数：3.00）_44.pejoration of meaning （分数：3.00）_45.synthetic language （分数：3.00）_46.Please illustrate the differences between relative terms and cont
21、radictory terms with examples. （分数：5.00）_47.47 What is the difference between superordinates and subordinates? （分数：5.00）_48.sun-usun-eson Above is the change of “son“ from Old English through Middle English to Modern English. What can you conclude from the viewpoint of the development of English voc
22、abulary? （分数：5.00）_49.Please illustrate the differences between American dictionaries and British dictionaries with examples. （分数：5.00）_50.She is very skinny and beautiful. Are all the words in the sentence used appropriately? If not, why? Then improve it. （分数：10.00）_51.Analyze and comment on the me
23、anings of the following sentences and then find out the right antonyms for each “dull“ respectively. A The story in this book is dull. B He became dull and silent when the class began. C I“m tired of such dull weather! （分数：10.00）_英语词汇学自考题模拟 21答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.“I“m certain that she will co
24、me tomorrow.“ There are _ content words in the above sentence.（分数：1.00）A.2B.3 C.4D.5解析：解析 实词是短语或句子中意义比较具体、明确的词。英语中的实词主要是表示事物、行为、性状、程度和范围的名词、动词、形容词、副词和数词。据此，我们可以判断出这个句子中的实词是“am”，“certain”，“come”。2.Which of the following is NOT a new word brought about by growth of science and technology?（分数：1.00）A.Ea
25、rthrise.B.Chemistry.C.Astrobiology.D.Megavitamin. 解析：解析 题目中的四个词都是新词，但是 D项“megavitamin”不是在科技发展的直接影响下产生的新词。3.There are _ morphemes in the word denaturalization.（分数：1.00）A.2B.3C.4D.5 解析：解析 题目中“denaturalization”一词是由“de-”，“nature”，“-al”，“-ize”和“-ation”这五个词素构成的。4.“Drunk“ (noun) is a word formed by _.（分数：1
26、.00）A.prefixationB.compoundingC.conversion D.blending解析：解析 题目中“drunk”一词是由形容词转化而成的转类名词，意思是“醉汉，醉酒者”。因此，C为正确答案。5.The word “N-bomb“ is a(n) _.（分数：1.00）A.initialismB.acronym C.derivativeD.compound解析：解析 首字母拼音词中有一些词是由第一个词的第一个字母和第二个词的完整形式加在一起构成的。故选 B。6.The prefix “fore-“ in the word “forehead“ is a _ prefix
27、.（分数：1.00）A.negativeB.reversafiveC.pejorativeD.locative 解析：7.Words are arbitrary symbols with _ relation to one another.（分数：1.00）A.linguisticB.semantic C.grammaticalD.pragmatic解析：8.In the sentence “Nails are thin growths at the end of the fingers. “ the word “growths“ is an example of transfer _.（分数
28、：1.00）A.from abstract meaning to concrete meaning B.from concrete meaning to abstract meaningC.of subjective senseD.of objective sense解析：解析 名词“growth”的意思是“生长，成长”，但是在本题的句子中它的意思是“生长物”，所以，该词经历了从抽象意义到具体意义的语义转移。9.“Wide of the mark“ is an idiom _ in nature.（分数：1.00）A.adjectival B.verbalC.adverbialD.nomina
29、l解析：解析 习语“wide of the mark”的意思是“离题”。这是个具有形容词性质的习语。例如：What the teacher talked about was wide of the mark.老师讲的话离题了。10.The idiom “in the cradle“ is (a) _ as far as figures of speech are concerned.（分数：1.00）A.synecdocheB.metonymy C.personificationD.metaphor解析：解析 换喻(metonymy)指以一种事物的名称来指代另外一种与之相关的事物。习语“in
30、the cradle”的意思是“在幼年时期，在最初的时候”。这里是用“cradle(摇篮)”来指代幼年时期或者某一事物发展的最初阶段。11.Words of the basic word stock can each be used alone, and at the same time can form new words with other roots and affixes. E. g. , “dog“ can form new words with other morphemes: “dogfight“, “doghole“ and “dogsleep“. This demonstr
31、ates that one of the characteristics of the words of the basic stock is _.（分数：1.00）A.productivity B.polysemyC.stabilityD.collocability解析：解析 英语中的基本词汇可以单独使用，也可以和其他的词根或词缀一起构成新词，这一点体现出了基本词汇的五个特征中的能产性，即“productivity”。12.In the early period of Modern English, Europe saw a new upsurge of learning ancient _
32、 and Roman classics. This was known in history as the Renaissance.（分数：1.00）A.IndiaB.GermanC.Greek D.Chinese解析：13.There is/are _ mono-morphemic word(s) in the following words: bad, cow, geese, watches.（分数：1.00）A.1B.2 C.3D.4解析：解析 题目中的四个词中“geese”是“goose”的复数形式，它是通过改变内部元音的方式来体现复数概念的词素变体的一种特殊形式，不属于单词素词，另外
33、“watches”也是多词素词。14.The plural morpheme “-s“ is pronounced as/s/in the following words EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.marksB.drags C.shopsD.sheets解析：15.In English there are _ types of motivation as far as the relationship between the sign and meaning is concerned.（分数：1.00）A.2B.6C.4 D.5解析：解析 在处理语言符号和意思的关系方面，英语中有
34、四种理据，它们是：拟声理据、形态理据、语义理据和词源理据。16.What is applicable to _ of some antonyms may not be applicable to their relative terms.（分数：1.00）A.connotative termsB.collocative termsC.contradictory terms D.negative terms解析：解析 有些关系反义词和矛盾反义词很相似，但它们实质不同。矛盾反义词的最大特点就是，如果肯定一方就否定了另一方，而在关系义词中这种“非此即彼”的模式行不通。例如：If an adult i
35、s not a husband, this person must be a wife. 一个成年人如果不是丈夫，那一定是妻子。显然，这种逻辑是不合情理的。17.The main functions of verbal context include _.（分数：1.00）A.elimination of ambiguityB.indication of referentsC.provision of clues for inferring word-meaningD.all the above 解析：18.Which of the following about extra-linguist
36、ic context is true?（分数：1.00）A.It can be subdivided into extra-linguistic context and non-linguistic context.B.It only refers to the physical situation or environment relating to the use of words.C.It embraces the people, time, size and place.D.It may extend to embrace the entire cultural background.
37、 解析：19.The change of idiom from “fortune“s wheel“ to “the wheel of fortune“ is _.（分数：1.00）A.replacementB.position-shifting C.additionD.shortening解析：20.As most words are _, the senses of words are arranged in different ways in dictionaries.（分数：1.00）A.mono-morphemicB.polysemantic C.analyticD.none of t
38、he above解析：21.Which of the following dictionaries is a specialized dictionary?（分数：1.00）A.The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. B.Webster“s Third New International Dictionary.C.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English.D.The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Ninth Edition.解析：解析 韦氏新国际英语词典( Webster“s T
39、hird New International Dictionary )是一部大型词典，即未节略词典( unabridged dictionary )；朗文当代英文词典( Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English )是一部案头词典，即中型词典；简明牛津词典第九版( The Concise Oxford Dictionary , Ninth Edition)也是一部中型词典。22.Which of the following does not belong to associative meaning?（分数：1.00）A.Connotative mea
40、ning.B.Stylistic meaning.C.Affective meaning.D.Primary meaning. 解析：23.The following are content words EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.verbsB.nounsC.articles D.adjectives解析：24.Which of the following is not one type of idioms?（分数：1.00）A.Sentence idioms.B.Idioms nominal in nature.C.Idioms adverbial in nature.D.Cla
41、usal idioms. 解析：解析 习语可以是句子，也可以是具有名词、形容词或者副词作用的短语。没有 D项“clausal idioms”类型的习语。25.The words “angel“, “martyr“, “paradise“ were elevated as a result of the influence of _.（分数：1.00）A.Norman conquestB.Christianity C.Chinese languageD.other European languages解析：26.For beginners and lower-intermediate learn
42、ers, a _ dictionary is essential as they do not know enough of the target language.（分数：1.00）A.mono-lingualB.bilingual C.unabridgedD.specialized解析：解析 对于初级和中级学习者而言，双语词典是个较为合适的选择，因为他们对目标语掌握得还不够多，不足以全面理解大型的和较为专业的词典。27.Phonetic manipulation includes two aspects which go as follows: (1) alliteration (2) r
43、hyme (3) reiteration (4) juxtaposition（分数：1.00）A.(1)and(2) B.(1),(2),(3)and(4)C.(3)and(4)D.(1),(2)and(3)解析：28.The following can cause ambiguity EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.polysemyB.homonymyC.grammatical structureD.variations of idioms 解析：29.The word “disease“ which originally meant “discomfort“ but now den
44、otes “illness“ has undergone _.（分数：1.00）A.narrowing B.elevationC.degradationD.expansion解析：解析 题目中“disease”一词原意是“不 适，不舒服”，现在的意思是“疾病”，在语义范围 上有所缩小。30._ are best viewed in terms of a scale running between two poles or extremes.（分数：1.00）A.Contradictory termsB.Relative termsC.Contrary terms D.None of the a
45、bove解析：31.Degradation or 1 of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. （分数：1.50）解析：pejoration32.In Middle English period, 1 was an influential language until the 13th century when English came back. （分数：1.50）解析：French33. 1 of the total number of new words in English vocabulary were produced through affixation. （分数：1.50）解析：30%-40%34.The method of creating words by removing the 1 is called back-formation. （分数：1.50）解析：supposed suffixes35.Motivation deals with the connection between the ling
