1、陕西省专升本大学英语-4 及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Polar explorers have to be extremely _ to endure the climate and other hardships of various kinds.（分数：1.00）A.roughB.dullC.toughD.rigid2.More have been learned since 1945 about chemical changes in the body than in all human history before _ time.（分数：1.00）A.th
2、isB.theC.the pastD.that3.She was a poor woman with few _.（分数：1.00）A.ownerB.interestC.possessionsD.wealth4.The committee members meet _ every Saturday and Sunday mornings.（分数：1.00）A.repeatedlyB.constantlyC.regularlyD.continually5.I“ve been playing tennis with Mary. But I was _ by her.（分数：1.00）A.beate
3、nB.hitC.struckD.attacked6.When his wife didn“t believe what he had said, he tried to _ her of his honesty.（分数：1.00）A.preventB.proveC.accuseD.convince7.So badly _ in the accident that he had to be sent to hospital for treatment.（分数：1.00）A.did he injureB.injured he wasC.he was injuredD.was he injured8
4、.She doesn“t like her job, but is too _ to try to find another.（分数：1.00）A.terrifiedB.timidC.fearfulD.frightened9.None of us has a clear idea about _ to do.（分数：1.00）A.that the others wantB.what the others wantC.which do the others wantD.what do the others want10.Nothing can _ the notice of the police
5、man.（分数：1.00）A.escapeB.fleeC.ignoreD.neglect11._ do it myself than try to persuade such a silly fellow like him.（分数：1.00）A.I“d likeB.I“d ratherC.I“d betterD.I“d like to12.Weighing seven hundred pounds, _.（分数：1.00）A.she could not move the pianoB.the piano should not be movedC.the piano was unable to
6、moveD.the piano was too heavy for her to move13.He has made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science and man.（分数：1.00）A.which I think isB.which I think it isC.of which I think it isD.I think which is14.What are you going to study next year? I don“t know, hut it“s time _ somethin
7、g.（分数：1.00）A.I decideB.I decidedC.I“ll decideD.I“d decide15.If you _ that night, you might have been too late to get your ticket.（分数：1.00）A.didn“t hurryB.hadn“t hurriedC.wouldn“t hurryD.hadn“t to hurry16.The students didn“t manage to work out the problem _ their teacher had explained how.（分数：1.00）A.
8、whenB.untilC.unlessD.as17.His mother told me that he _ read quite well at the age of five.（分数：1.00）A.shouldB.wouldC.couldD.might18.They showed us around the factory _ is equipped with modern machines.（分数：1.00）A.in thatB.whatC.in whichD.which19._, the workers continued their work in the open air.（分数：
9、1.00）A.Heavy as was the rainB.As the rain was heavyC.As heavy was the rainD.Heavy as the rain was20.The girl said that she _ here a week before.（分数：1.00）A.had beenB.wasC.has beenD.would be21.The old lady was _ to the young man who helped her find her lost grandson.（分数：1.00）A.touchedB.gratefulC.cheer
10、fulD.generous22.Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _ it closely.（分数：1.00）A.followedB.to followC.followingD.being followed23.It wasn“t such a good dinner _ she had promised us.（分数：1.00）A.asB.whichC.thatD.what24.Many newspapers printed the governor“s statement _ he would resign his po
11、sition.（分数：1.00）A.was thatB.whichC.thatD.it25.We will never forget the days _ we spent together, singing and dancing.（分数：1.00）A.thatB.in whichC.on whichD.when26.There is a _ improvement in your pronunciation.（分数：1.00）A.distinguishingB.distinctionC.distinctD.distinguished27.Not only I but also Ellis
12、and Jane _ fond of playing basketball.（分数：1.00）A.amB.isC.wasD.are28.Teachers have no right to force their own opinions _ the students.（分数：1.00）A.uponB.atC.inD.to29.The express train _ and many people thronged to the station.（分数：1.00）A.pulled inB.pulled upC.pulled onD.pulled at30.Do you know what she
13、 is majoring _ at college now?（分数：1.00）A.onB.atC.withD.in31._ to wait for hours, she brought along a book to read.（分数：1.00）A.ExpectedB.ExpectingC.ExpectsD.To expect32.Mrs. Smith, together with her friends, _ to visit the new museum.（分数：1.00）A.are goingB.areC.is goingD.will be33._ before we leave the
14、 day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.（分数：1.00）A.Had they arrivedB.Were they to arriveC.Were they arrivingD.Would they arrive34.Mr. Wang said such a thing _ to happen at school again and he forgave me this time.（分数：1.00）A.ought not to be allowedB.ought to be not allowedC.ought
15、 to be allowed notD.not ought to be allowed35._ she had a solid background in mathematics, her lab skills were relatively undeveloped.（分数：1.00）A.AsB.SinceC.ThatD.While36.We enjoyed ourselves very much last night at the party. You _ with us.（分数：1.00）A.should have comeB.must comeC.must have comeD.shou
16、ld come37.Only under special circumstances _ to take make-up tests.（分数：1.00）A.freshmen are permittedB.are freshmen permittedC.permitted are freshmenD.are permitted freshmen38.There is not much news in today“s paper, _?（分数：1.00）A.is itB.isn“t itC.isn“t thereD.is there39.You“ve already missed too many
17、 classes this term. You _ four classes just last week.（分数：1.00）A.had missedB.missC.missedD.have missed40.Before leaving the village, he visited the old house _ he spent his childhood.（分数：1.00）A.in whichB.whichC.to whichD.at which三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：12.50)There are many factors which may have an i
18、nfluence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life. Nowadays, people are very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectati
19、ons. The business also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly. Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, television, Play Stations and Xboxes have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursu
20、its. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle. The media provide entertainment and information. Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰
21、炸) their audience with “perfect“ body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do. Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer fro
22、m breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life. An important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy if he/she is motivated
23、enough!（分数：12.50）(1).The passage is mainly about _.（分数：2.50）A.benefits of a healthy lifestyleB.demands of daily lifeC.factors affecting a healthy lifestyleD.a positive approach to healthy living(2).The word “sedentary“ in Paragraph 4 probably means _.（分数：2.50）A.having a lot of things to doB.involvin
24、g little exercise or physical activityC.being isolated from the outside worldD.experiencing a lot of stress(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor leading to the popularity of fast food?（分数：2.50）A.Cheap price.B.The media.C.Busy lifestyles.D.Convenience.(4).Which is NOT
25、 listed as a factor influencing the ability to have a healthy lifestyle?（分数：2.50）A.Pollution.B.Economic factors.C.Dependence upon cars.D.Influence of family or friends.(5).According to the author, _ may be the most important factor influencing healthy lifestyles.（分数：2.50）A.technologyB.cultural backg
26、roundC.environmentD.the desire to be healthy四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：12.50)A recent study demonstrated how powerful a few words can be: Forty competitive tennis players were shown digital images of balls coming their way. Just before each ball appeared, the players saw or heard comments like “Good sho
27、t“ or “Bad shot“. The reaction times of players hearing negative remarks were measurably slower. And these were athletes who trained frequently to play a consistent game and not make unforced errors. What is the explanation? Negative feedback weakens anyone“s belief in his or her ability to succeed.
28、 But if you can hold on to a winning attitude, you“ll make a greater effort and also create positive drive. Confident people inspire others; opportunities seem to come their way more often. They become magnets for success. Learn the importance of giving yourself pep talks , and keep the voice in you
29、r head positive. The best athletes“ success is rarely due to raw talent alone, and it“s because they“re simply better prepared. They stay focused, they“re willing to work as hard as they need to, and they keep the positive voice in their heads switched on. Perhaps the most important aspect of being
30、your own coach is to do what any outside adviseror a good parent, for that matterwould preach: practice, practice, practice. Avoid individuals who suck your energy and diminish your confidence. Hang out with the people who see you at your best, and remind you about it every so often. Pessimists drag
31、 you down, as do whiners and critics. If there“s one winning behavior that people building confidence should model, it“s the willingness to get back into the game after a setback. Don“t nurse your wounds. There are, however, important warnings. Panicking can compound a small misstep by causing you t
32、o lose your head and forget to think clearly. If you suffer a terrible loss, give yourself time to absorb the blow. Don“t deny the hurt or try to solve the problem immediately. Gather your support system around you and simply get nurtured. Sitting around and thinking about your loss is the worst thi
33、ng you can do to solve your problem.（分数：12.50）(1).We learn from the first paragraph that _.（分数：2.50）A.excellent performance often goes with well-trained playersB.excellent performance often goes with positive commentsC.high-tech methods help players avoid unforced errorsD.high-tech methods increase
34、players“ competitiveness(2).People who want to succeed should first imagine themselves to be _.（分数：2.50）A.an observerB.an inspirerC.a creatorD.a winner(3).The phrase “pep talks“ in Paragraph 3 means “talks“ which _.（分数：2.50）A.encourage peopleB.entertain peopleC.impress peopleD.interest people(4).The
35、 writer thinks that you should keep company with those who _.（分数：2.50）A.point out your mistakesB.tolerate your weaknessesC.emphasize your strengthsD.understand your complaints(5).In the face of a severe loss, the best thing you can do is to _.（分数：2.50）A.deny the hurtB.try to forget itC.solve it at o
36、nceD.accept it calmly五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：12.50)At the first sight the planet Mars (火星) does not appear very welcome to any kind of life. It has very little oxygen and water, the temperature at night is below -50 and winds of 100 miles per hour cause severe dust storms. However, the surface of t
37、he planet seems to show that water flowed across it some time in the past, and it is believed that there is enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it melts. Although there is no life on the Mars now, some scientists think that there may have been some form of life long time ago. A
38、t that time, the planet had active volcanoes; the atmosphere was thicker and warmer; and there was water. In fact, in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the Earth, where life exists. Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the future if the right conditions were produced. Th
39、e first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the Sun“s heat in the planet“s atmosphere. With warmth, water and carbon dioxide, simple plants could begin to grow. These plants could slowly make the Mars more suitable for living. It is estimated that the whole process might
40、take between 100,000 and 200,000 years. In the meantime, people could begin to live on the planet in special closed environments. They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars and the problems connected with living there.（分数：12.50）(1).Some scientists think there may hav
41、e been life on the Mars in the past because _.（分数：2.50）A.there is no life there nowB.there is a large amount of water at the polesC.the Mars may be able to support life in the futureD.conditions may have been similar to those on the Earth(2).There could be life on the Mars in the future if _.（分数：2.5
42、0）A.it supported life in the pastB.certain gases are used to cool the planetC.the atmosphere can be heated enough to grow simple plantsD.the planet“s volcanoes become as active as they were in the past(3).People may be able to live on the Mars _.（分数：2.50）A.within the next 200,000 yearsB.only 200,000
43、 years from nowC.only 150,000 years from nowD.as soon as the planet becomes cool enough(4).The author“s attitude towards the possibility of life on the Mars in the future is _.（分数：2.50）A.doubtfulB.positiveC.negativeD.uninterested(5).Which is the best title for this passage?（分数：2.50）A.The Possibility
44、 of Life on the MarsB.Future Conditions on the MarsC.The Mars and the EarthD.A Study of the Climate of the Mars六、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：12.50)The standardized educational or psychological tests that are widely used to aid in selecting, classifying, assigning, or promoting students, employees, and mil
45、itary personnel have been the target of recent attacks in books, magazines, the daily press, and even in Congress. The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users. The tests themselves are merely tools, with ch
46、aracteristics that can be measured with reasonable precision under specified condition. Whether the results will be valuable, meaningless, or even misleading depends partly upon the tool itself but largely upon the user. All informed predictions of future performance are based upon some knowledge of
47、 relevant past performance. How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. Anyone who keeps careful score knows that the information available
48、is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error. Standardized tests should be considered in this context. They provide a quick, objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person has learned, the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is. T
49、he information so obtained has, qualitatively, the same advantages and short-comings as other kinds of information. Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the empirical evidence concerning comparative validity, and upon such factors as cost and availability. In
