1、高级英语自考题-29 及答案解析(总分：99.97，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Though we have begun to examine the socially taboo subjects of dying and death, we have _ over that long period of time preceding death known as old age.（分数：2.00）A.leapB.leapsC.leapingD.leaped2.Americans find it difficult to think about old age until they are _
2、 into the midst of it by their own aging and that of relatives and friends.（分数：2.00）A.forceB.proposeC.propelledD.proper3.Death is a dramatic one-time crisis while old age is a day-by-day and year-by-year _ with powerful external and internal forces.（分数：2.00）A.faceB.confrontC.confrontationD.facing4.O
3、ur popular attitudes could be summed up as a combination of _ thinking and stark terror.（分数：2.00）A.wishfulB.wishC.wishingD.wishes5.Those of us who are not old _ ourselves from discussions of old age by declaring the Subject morbid, boring or in poor taste.（分数：2.00）A.stopB.preventC.barricadeD.keep6.T
4、here is the popularly accepted opinion the Social Security and pensions provide a comfortable and reliable _ of funds so the elderly have few financial worries.（分数：2.00）A.flownB.flowC.frownD.flowing7.In reality, the way one experiences old age is _ physical health, personality, earlier-life experien
5、ces, the actual circumstances of late-life events and the social supports one receives.（分数：2.00）A.contingent uponB.continuousC.contingent inD.continue8.It has been estimated that at least 30 per cent of the elderly live in substandard housing. Many more must deprive themselves of essentials to keep
6、their homes in _.（分数：2.00）A.repairedB.mendC.repairD.mended9.The tragedy of old age is not the fact that each of us must grow old and die but that the process of doing so has been made unnecessarily and at times _ painful, humiliating, debilitating and isolating through insensitivity, ignorance and p
7、overty.（分数：2.00）A.excruciatedB.excruciatingC.excruciateD.excruciatingly10.But old age is frequently a tragedy even when the early years have been _ and people seemingly have everything going for them.（分数：2.00）A.fulfillingB.fulfillC.fillD.filled11.Private pension plans often do no _, and pension paym
8、ents that do come in are not tied to inflationary decreases in buying power.（分数：2.00）A.payB.pay offC.pay toD.pay out12.He owed his victory to endurance and _.（分数：2.00）A.instanceB.existenceC.subsistenceD.perseverance13.Psychoanalysts, the _ of the psychiatric profession, rarely accept them as patient
9、s.（分数：2.00）A.eliminateB.eliteC.elementD.elusive14.Many are tough, determined individuals who manage to survive against adversity. But even the tough ones reach a point where help should be _ to them.（分数：2.00）A.availableB.availC.supplyD.supplying15.Problems large and small _ the elderly. They are eas
10、y targets for crime in the streets and in their homes.（分数：2.00）A.confrontB.facedC.facesD.confronting16.Most do not live long enough to be _ for the benefits of Social Security and Medicare.（分数：2.00）A.illegalB.legislationC.legalD.eligible17.The sheriff _ his overcoat and stepped away from the stove.（
11、分数：2.00）A.unbuttonedB.buttonedC.unbuttonD.button18.Mr. Hale“s face _ after he says that his first thought was to get that rope off.（分数：2.00）A.twinB.actionC.twitchesD.twitch19.Mrs Hale said _, “there is a great deal of work to be done on a farm.“（分数：2.00）A.dullB.stifflyC.happilyD.sadly20.I must find
12、someone to act as a _ for me during my absence.（分数：2.00）A.assistantsB.assistC.assistsD.deputyYou are on the Titanic . It has just hit an iceberg and is sinking. And, as last time, there are not enough lifeboats. The captain shouts, “Women and children first!“ But this time, another voice is heard: “
13、Why women?“ (2) Why, indeed? Part of the charm of the successful movie Titanic are the period costumes, the period extravagance, and the period prejudices. An audience can enjoy these at a distance. Oddly, however, of all the period attitudes in the film, the old maritime tradition of “women and chi
14、ldren first“ enjoys total acceptance by modern audiences. Listen to the audience boo at the bad guys who try to sneak on the lifeboats withor ahead ofthe ladies. (3)But is not grouping women with children a raging anachronism(过时现象)? Should not any selfrespecting modern person, let alone feminist, ob
15、ject to it as insulting to women? (4) Yet its usage is as common today as it was in 1912. Consider these examples taken almost at random from recent newspapers: (5)“The invaders gunned down the Indians, most of them women and children.“ (6)“As many as 200 civilians, most of them women and children,
16、were killed.“ (7)“At the massacre in Ahmici 103 Muslims, including 33 women and children, were killed.“ (8)“At a time when women fly combat aircraft and run multinational corporations, how can one not wince when adult women are routinely classed with children? In Ahmici, it seems, 70 adult men were
17、killed. And how many adult women? Not clear. When things get serious, when blood starts to flow or ships start to sink you“ll find them with children.“ (9)Children are entitled to special consideration for two reasons: helplessness and innocence. They have not yet acquired either the faculty of reas
18、on or the wisdom of experience. Consequently, they are defenseless (incapable of fending for themselves) and blameless (incapable of real sin). That“s why we grant them special protection. In an emergency, it is our duty to save them first because they, helplessly, have put their lives in our hands.
19、 And in wartime, they are supposed to be protected by special immunity because they can have threatened or offended no one. (10)The phrase “women and children“ attributes to women the same dependence and moral simplicity we find in five-year-olds. Such an attitude perhaps made sense in an era domina
20、ted by male privilege. Given the disabilities attached to womanhood in 1912, it was only fair that a new standard of gender equality not suddenly be proclaimed just as lifeboat seats were being handed out. That deferencea somewhat more urgent variation on giving up your seat on the bus to a womancom
21、plemented and perhaps to some extent compensated for the legal and social constraints placed on women at that time. (11)But in our era of extensive social restructuring to grant women equality education, employment, and government, and athletics, what entitles women to the privilegesand reduces them
22、 to the status of children? (12)Evolutionary psychologists might say that ladies-to-the-lifeboats is an instinct that developed to perpetuate the species: Women are indispensable child-bearers. You can repopulate a village if the women survive and only a few of the men, but not if the men survive an
23、d only a few of the women. Women being more precious, biologically speaking, than men, evolution has conditioned us to give them the kind of life-protecting deference we give to that other seed of the future: kids. (13)The problem with this kind of logic, however, is its depressing reductionism(简单化方
24、法). It“s like a serious version of the geneticist“s old joke that a chicken is just an egg“s way of making another egg. But humans are more than just egg-layers. And traditional courtesies are more than just disguised survival strategies. So why do we say “women and children“? (14)Perhaps it“s reall
25、y “women for children“. The most basic parental bond is maternal. Equal parenting is great, but women, from breast to cradle to reassuring hug, can nurture in ways that men cannot. And thus, because we value children, women should go second. Children need them. (15) But kiddie-centrism gets you only
26、 so far. What if there are no children on board? You are on the Titanic , and this time it“s a singles cruise. No kids, no parents. Now: Iceberg! Lifeboats! Action! (16) Here“s my scenario. The men, out of sheer irrational heroism, should let the women go first. And the women, out of sheer feminist
27、self-respect, should refuse. (17)Result? Stalemate. How does this movie end? How should it end? Hurry, the ship“s going down.（分数：38.97）(1).In this section, there are Five incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter o
28、n your Answer Sheet. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.（分数：4.33）A.the idea of “women and children first“ enjoyed total acceptance as last timeB.this time certain people object to the idea of “women and children first“C.this time certain people think that men should be treated equall
29、y with women and childrenD.last time men were treated unfairly(2).According to the author the following statements about people“s reaction to the movie Titanic that _ is NOT true.（分数：4.33）A.they consider the period costume charming and period prejudices completely acceptableB.the period extravagance
30、 in the movie partly accounts for its successC.none of them objects to the old maritime tradition of “women and children first“D.they find contemptible the bad guys who try to sneak on the lifeboats with the ladies(3).“Its usage“ in paragraph 4 refers to _.（分数：4.33）A.the use of period costumes in th
31、e movie TitanicB.the practice of grouping women with childrenC.the practice of giving women and children priority seating on a lifeboatD.the fact that modern audiences partially accept the period attitude in the movie Titanic(4).Those examples in paragraph 57 are intended to demonstrate that _.（分数：4
32、.33）A.the “period attitude“ from the movie “Titanic“ is also found in real lifeB.newspapers devote much space to reports about womenC.women are more likely victims of violence than men areD.women and children are defenseless(5).According to the author, the attitude embodied in the phrase “women and
33、children“ _.（分数：4.33）A.is unreasonable because it groups women with childrenB.implies that women and children should receive equal treatmentC.implies that they are inferior to men physically and mentallyD.perhaps made sense in 1912 but not any longer(6).Translate the following sentences into Chinese
34、 and write the translation on your Answer Sheet Oddly, however, of all the period attitudes in the film, the old maritime tradition of “women and children first“ enjoys total acceptance by modern audiences.（分数：4.33）_(7).Should not any self-respecting modern person, let alone feminist, object to it a
35、s insulting to women?（分数：4.33）_(8).In an emergency, it is our duty to save them first because they, helplessly, have put their lives in our hands.（分数：4.33）_(9).Answer the following essay question in English within 80100 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. Why does the author consider that
36、 the old maritime tradition of “woman and children first“ made sense in 1912 but not any longer?（分数：4.33）_21.实际上，应付死亡的问题要比应付老年的问题容易得多。 （分数：3.00）_22.这一切至关重要且相互关联的因素共同决定一个人晚年生活的质量。 （分数：3.00）_23.美国梦让老人们充满希望，以为只要一生勤勤恳恳，一切终会好的。 （分数：3.00）_24.其他那些干了一辈子的人，工资也普遍较低。到头来只有很低的社会保障金及个人退休金。 （分数：3.00）_25.这就是美国人“金色年
37、华”时的理想，为此千百万公民怀有期待的心情朝日劳作。 （分数：3.00）_26.我以前和他说过那件事，他搪塞过去了。说乡巴佬太能讲，他要的是安宁。 （分数：3.00）_27.你相信这儿没有任何重要的东西没什么能说明任何动机的东西。 （分数：3.00）_高级英语自考题-29 答案解析(总分：99.97，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Though we have begun to examine the socially taboo subjects of dying and death, we have _ over that long period of time preceding death
38、known as old age.（分数：2.00）A.leapB.leapsC.leapingD.leaped 解析：解析 我们跳过了死亡来临之前，被称为老年的那一段漫长时间。此空需要一个动词，“跳过，越过”。答案为 D。2.Americans find it difficult to think about old age until they are _ into the midst of it by their own aging and that of relatives and friends.（分数：2.00）A.forceB.proposeC.propelled D.prope
39、r解析：解析 因为美国人不愿意考虑老龄问题。答案为 C。3.Death is a dramatic one-time crisis while old age is a day-by-day and year-by-year _ with powerful external and internal forces.（分数：2.00）A.faceB.confrontC.confrontation D.facing解析：解析 老年是一天天，一年年在与强大的外在社会经济力量和内在的心理因素抗争。此空需要一个名词，“抗争，对抗”。答案为 C。4.Our popular attitudes could
40、be summed up as a combination of _ thinking and stark terror.（分数：2.00）A.wishful B.wishC.wishingD.wishes解析：解析 可以把流行在我们之间的态度归纳为一种痴心妄想和赤裸裸的恐惧的结合。此 空需要一个形容词，“渴望的，愿望的”。答案为 A。5.Those of us who are not old _ ourselves from discussions of old age by declaring the Subject morbid, boring or in poor taste.（分数：
41、2.00）A.stopB.preventC.barricade D.keep解析：解析 barricade sb. from doing sth. 为固定词组，指阻止某人干某事。整句话的意思指：我们这些还不老的人不让自主讨论这个问题，宣称这一题目是病态的、枯燥的或品位不高的。答案为 C。6.There is the popularly accepted opinion the Social Security and pensions provide a comfortable and reliable _ of funds so the elderly have few financial w
42、orries.（分数：2.00）A.flownB.flow C.frownD.flowing解析：解析 社会福利和养老金源源不断地提供宽裕的、可靠的收入。此空需要一个名词，“流动，连续不断”。答案为 B。7.In reality, the way one experiences old age is _ physical health, personality, earlier-life experiences, the actual circumstances of late-life events and the social supports one receives.（分数：2.00）
43、A.contingent upon B.continuousC.contingent inD.continue解析：解析 contingent on/upon 为固定搭配，译为“视而定”。句意为：事实上，一个人老年经历如何是因下列因素而异的、身体健康状况、性格、早年经历、晚年事件的具体情形及他得到的社会支持。答案为 A。8.It has been estimated that at least 30 per cent of the elderly live in substandard housing. Many more must deprive themselves of essentia
44、ls to keep their homes in _.（分数：2.00）A.repairedB.mendC.repair D.mended解析：解析 此空需要一个名词，表示维修，修护。答案为 C。9.The tragedy of old age is not the fact that each of us must grow old and die but that the process of doing so has been made unnecessarily and at times _ painful, humiliating, debilitating and isolati
45、ng through insensitivity, ignorance and poverty.（分数：2.00）A.excruciatedB.excruciatingC.excruciateD.excruciatingly 解析：解析 此空需要一个副词，表示程度剧烈地。答案为 D。10.But old age is frequently a tragedy even when the early years have been _ and people seemingly have everything going for them.（分数：2.00）A.fulfilling B.fulfillC.fillD.filled解析：解析 此空需要一个动词的现在分词形式构成现在完成进行时，表示完成，实现。答案为 A。11.Private pension plans often do no _, and pension payments that do come in are not tied to inflationary decreases in buying power.（分数：2.00）A.payB.pay off C.pay toD.pay out解析：解析 此空需要一个动词，表示支付。答案为 B。12.He owed his victory to end
