1、2010 年职称英语之综合类 B 级试题及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选择(第 115 题，每题 1(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.It doesnt stand to reason that he would lie. （分数：1.00）A.seem logicalB.look pleasantC.appear obviousD.sound important2.It is useless to argue with him once he has made up his mind. （分数：1.00）A.settledB.solvedC
2、.saidD.decided3.I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs. （分数：1.00）A.supplyB.reachC.provideD.meet4.It is impossible to prevent them from quarrelling. （分数：1.00）A.stopB.allowC.forbidD.permit5.The very fresh air will finally help her to resume her health. （分数：1.00）A.bring backB
3、.contributeC.do harmD.rebuild6.Glassmaking was the first major industry in the United States. （分数：1.00）A.productiveB.profitableC.specializedD.sizable7.Rose stood there until she finally lost sight of the train. （分数：1.00）A.couldnt seeB.lookC.loseD.cant see8.At the sports meet, athletes compete with e
4、ach other for the gold medals. （分数：1.00）A.rivalB.attemptC.contendD.trick9.Its hard to alter ones habits. （分数：1.00）A.changeB.developC.shortenD.enlarge10.A seismograph is a device designed to measure vibrations of the ground. （分数：1.00）A.elementB.telescopeC.vehicleD.instrument11.The U.S was in 1850 a d
5、ivided nation half slave and half free. （分数：1.00）A.alliedB.combinedC.unitedD.separate12.Dont you think thats an indicator of fine weather? （分数：1.00）A.signB.signalC.symbolD.predicament13.The new communication system is by no means a minute invention. （分数：1.00）A.smallB.accidentalC.significantD.timely1
6、4.I feel obligated to give my opinion on the subject. （分数：1.00）A.requiredB.determinedC.encouragedD.forbidden15.The group ridiculed my suggestion. （分数：1.00）A.laugh atB.acceptedC.disagreed withD.discouraged二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(第 1622 题，每题(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Nobody Had Believed It Was Possible In 1912, the Titanic
7、 hit an iceberg on its first trip across the Atlantic, and it sank four hours later. It was carrying 2207 people, but it had taken on enough lifeboats for only 1178 people. When the passengers tried to leave the ship, only 651 of them were able to get into lifeboats and 1502 people lost their lives.
8、 Throughout the whole tragedy, the California was only ten miles away. Its officers were close enough to see the Titanic, but they did not understand the situation. They never received the Titanics call for help, and they did not come to the rescue until too late. First of all, nobody had prepared f
9、or such a tragedy. Nobody had believed that the Titanic could sink. The steamship company had thought that its ship would be completely safe in all situations. They followed an old rule for the number of lifeboats, so they had supplied lifeboats for only half the people. And the passengers had not p
10、racticed lifeboat drills before the accident and they did not believe they were in danger. The ship had already received six ice warnings on its radio when it struck the iceberg. But it had not changed its direction or its speed. It was impossible to change direction quickly enough when the iceberg
11、came in sight. When the Titanic hit the iceberg, the radio officer on the California had just gone to bed. He had tried to warn the officers on the Titanic about the ice before he went to bed, but the officers had not listened. After this accident, ocean travel change. Now there are always enough li
12、feboats for everybody. Ships do not go so far north in winter, and they watch carefully for ice. Radio officers work 24 hours a day. A tragedy like the sinking of the Titanic should never happen again. （分数：7.00）(1).Over 1,000 passengers were able to escape in lifeboats from the sinking Titanic. （分数：
13、1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Throughout the whole tragedy, the California didnt received the Titanics call for help. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The Titanic has 1,178 lifeboats for 2,207 people, but 1,502 people lost their lives because many people did not know how to get into
14、 their lifeboats. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The California didnt come in time to save the passengers on the Titanic because its officers were not clear about what was happening on the Titanic. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The ship might not have sunk if its radio officer
15、 had listened to the warning from the California. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).After the accident, ships are not allowed to travel into the north in winter to ensure safe ocean travel. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).A tragedy like the sinking of the Titanic never happened aga
16、in. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分 概括大意(总题数：8，分数：8.00)16. New Conceptions about Diet 1 Increasingly over the past ten years, people - especially young people - have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed foods
17、, is not good for the health. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods: goods which do not contain chemical additives and which have not been affected by chemical fertilizers widely used in farming today. 2 Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which hav
18、e been grown in soil that is rich in organic matter. In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals. This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizer, the main purpos
19、e of which is to increase the amount but not the quality of goods grown in commercial farming areas. 3 Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in a healthy environment. Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are mechanized f
20、arms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish. Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food they also produce eggs which lack important vitamins. 4 There are other aspects of healthy eating whi
21、ch are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet. Take, for example, the question of sugar. This is actually a nonessential food. In large quantities, it can actually be harmful, and it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries. There
22、 are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fibre. 5 It is significant that nowadays fibre is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet. In white bread, for example, the fibre has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables. It is interesting to note that
23、 in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole-meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on “ healthy eating”. Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）A.The Change in
24、 Peoples Eating habitsB.The Foods Which Grow in SoilC.The Foods Which Were FedD.The Importance of FiberE.Todays Various Kinds of FoodsF.Other Aspects of Healthy Eating17.Paragraph 3 _. （分数：1.00）A.The Change in Peoples Eating habitsB.The Foods Which Grow in SoilC.The Foods Which Were FedD.The Importa
25、nce of FiberE.Todays Various Kinds of FoodsF.Other Aspects of Healthy Eating18.Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）A.The Change in Peoples Eating habitsB.The Foods Which Grow in SoilC.The Foods Which Were FedD.The Importance of FiberE.Todays Various Kinds of FoodsF.Other Aspects of Healthy Eating19.Paragraph 5 _
26、. （分数：1.00）A.The Change in Peoples Eating habitsB.The Foods Which Grow in SoilC.The Foods Which Were FedD.The Importance of FiberE.Todays Various Kinds of FoodsF.Other Aspects of Healthy Eating20.People begin to change their eating habits because _. （分数：1.00）A.urge a change in our present dietB.inte
27、rested in sweetened foodC.worried about modern foodD.increase the yields of their cropsE.much of the food they eat is not good for healthF.improve their working conditions21.Farmers use chemicals and fertilizer in order to _.（分数：1.00）A.urge a change in our present dietB.interested in sweetened foodC
28、.worried about modern foodD.increase the yields of their cropsE.much of the food they eat is not good for healthF.improve their working conditions22.According to the passage, the writer of this article seems to be _. （分数：1.00）A.urge a change in our present dietB.interested in sweetened foodC.worried
29、 about modern foodD.increase the yields of their cropsE.much of the food they eat is not good for healthF.improve their working conditions23.The purpose of this article is to _.（分数：1.00）A.urge a change in our present dietB.interested in sweetened foodC.worried about modern foodD.increase the yields
30、of their cropsE.much of the food they eat is not good for healthF.improve their working conditions四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 3145 题，每题(总题数：15，分数：45.00)24. 第一篇 How Americans See Themselves Americans do not usually see themselves, when they are in the United States, as representatives of their country. They see
31、themselves as individuals who are different from all other individuals, whether those others are Americans or foreigners. Americans may say they have no culture, since they often think of culture as an overlay of customs to be found only in other countries. Individual Americans may think they chose
32、their own values, rather than having had their value forced on them by the society in which they were born. If you ask them to tell you something about “American culture”, they may be unable to answer and they may even deny that there is an “American culture”. Because they think they are responsible
33、 as individuals for having chosen their basic values and their way of life, many Americans dont like generalizations others make about them. Generalizations disturb Americans. They may be unhappy with the thought that they hold certain ideas and act in certain way simply because they were born and r
34、aised in the U.S, and not because they had consciously thought about those ideas and ways of doing things and chosen the ones they preferred. At the same time, Americans will readily generalize about various subgroups within their own country. Northerners have fixed views about Southerners, and vice
35、 versa. There are fixed views of people from the country and people from the city; people from the coasts and people from inland; people from the Midwest; minority ethnic groups; Texans; New Yorkers; Californians; lowans and so on. Therefore, Americans see few generalizations that can safely be made
36、 about them in part because they are “so individualistic” and in part because they think regional and other kinds of differences clearly distinguish Americans of various groups from each other. American, when in the United States, see themselves as （分数：3.00）A.representatives of their countryB.people
37、 different from person to personC.individuals much the same as foreignersD.individuals that share the same values and way of life.25.Americans may think that “ American culture” （分数：3.00）A.does not really existB.is better than other culturesC.is different from other culturesD.is highly valued around
38、 the world26.Individual Americans may think that their values （分数：3.00）A.are based on their personal choicesB.are forced on them by the society in which they were bornC.can also be found in other culturesD.should be recognized the world over.27.Americans are disturbed by generalizations others make
39、about them because （分数：3.00）A.different Americans have different sources of originB.not all Americans were born and raised in the USC.American culture has not been thoroughly studiedD.They, as individuals, do not have the same ideas and ways of doing things.28.Which of the following statements is tr
40、ue? （分数：3.00）A.Americans do not like to make generalizations about themselves on the basis of regional differences.BAmericans have fixed ideas about different people coming from different regions and areas within their own country.C.Americans think that they are equal to one another no matter where
41、they were born.D.Americans are trying hard to iron out their regional differences.29. 第二篇 Career with a Uniform WANT to be the next Xu Sanduo? The TV drama Soldiers Sortie (Shibing Tuji) might have caused millions of young people to dream idly of putting on an army uniform and going off to boot camp
42、. In fact, a large number of students graduating might consider doing just that. Last month, the Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) announced that there will be 120,000 job openings this year for college grads. So, one out of every 50 grads has a chance if he or she would like to march down to the local
43、recruiting office. Anyone enlisting will get preferential treatment in tuition compensation and in job opportunities. This decision comes against a backdrop of bad employment news and a cooling economy. This years recruitment quota outnumbers last years 39,000 by about three-fold. “Its important to
44、pull in fresh, talented people who can deal with the new equipment and a high-tech military to modernize the nations defense,“ said Bai Zixing, a senior officer in the PLA General Staff Department. The age limit for college recruits has been raised to 24, and theres one more important policy change:
45、 Grads who have already volunteered to sign up can quit if they change their minds after finding another job before November, the deadline for enlistment. This gives grads an extra choice in starting a career. The following is a list of preferential things that college grads qualify for if they join
46、 the army: A one-time recruitment payment of up to 24,000 yuan, to cover four years of college tuition and loans (this has to be returned if the person is forced to leave the army before completing the service contract). Priority in promotions and in getting admitted to military academies. Anyone wi
47、th a bachelors degree or above and a good performance record can be promoted to the rank of officer directly, if they meet certain other criteria. An ordinary soldier may need a couple of years longer to get there. Anyone with a junior college degree can go on for a bachelors degree without having t
48、o take the entrance exams. Anyone wanting to take the grad school entrance exam after completing their service can add 10 points to the exam results. Anyone getting a merit citation second class can enter grad school without taking the exam after completion of the service obligation. There are no re
49、strictions on things like going abroad the service period, unless one deals with confidential work in the army. According to the passage, all of the following reasons make many college grads choose to join the army EXCEPT: （分数：3.00）A.The Story of Xu Sanduo causes young people to dream to put on a uniform.B.The grads are facing a grim employment situation.C.The pay from the PLA is relatively higher than the grads can earn in other jobs.D.The PLA offers a series of preferent
