1、BFT（阅读）-试卷 6及答案解析(总分：90.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 1(总题数：1，分数：16.00)Read the following passages, eight sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-H the one which fits each gap. For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(AH)on the Answer Sheet. Buzz Aldrin, the second man to walk on th
2、e Moon, is a long-time fan of space tourism. Aldrin climbed out of Apollo 11 hot on the heels of Neil Armstrong in 1969. 1 Together with scientists from Purdue University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the University of Texas, Aldrin is designing spacecrafts that would perpetually c
3、ruise between Earth and Mars. 2“Some day, people will go to Mars on a regular basis,“ says team member James Longuski, a professor at Purdue. “ 3“ The average distance between Mars and Earth is 48 million miles. 4 It sounds like a trip that would require a lot of fuel. According to the engineers, th
4、e cyclers may have a natural, renewable “fuel“ supply: from the gravitational forces of the Sun, the planets, and their moons. As a spacecraft travels close to a planet, its flight path is bent, causing it to whip around the planet and significantly increasing its speed(its as if the planets gravity
5、 gives the passing spacecraft a kick into space). 5Its not just science fiction: it might help us get Mars with very little fuel on board, in a journey that would take as little as six to eight months. “The cycler is essentially in orbit around the Sun and makes regular flybys of Earth and Mars,“ sa
6、ys James Longuski. “Once you put your vehicle into a cycler orbit, it continues on its own momentum, going back and forth between Earth and Mars. 6“ When the cycler flies by Earth, it will be traveling at a speed of about 13,000 miles per hour. 7“This is sort of like a bus that doesnt stop,“ Longusk
7、i says. “When it comes by, you have to run alongside of it and grab on.“ Aldrin and his group think that the first cycler could be on its way by as soon as 2018. 8 (It seems a long way off now, but its closer than you think!) Fasten your seatbelts and make sure your seatback is in its upright positi
8、on. Your flight to space may be departing soon.A. These crafts, known as “cyclers“, would ferry people and supplies between the two planets, enabling humans to colonize Mars something that has long been dreamed about in science fiction.B. Most people are convinced that we are going to do this; the o
9、nly question is when.C. So, if youre in middle school now, you could be taking a trip to Mars by the time youre in your thirties.D. To get a sense of just how far this is, try doing this calculation: Given that there are 2,500 miles between New York and Los Angeles, how many times would you have to
10、travel from NY to LA and back to cover the same distance?E. Now, at the age of 72, Aldrin is working on a new project that could put more of his fellow humans in space namely, on journeys to one of our most fascinating neighbors, Mars.F. This is the “slingshot“ trajectory that you may have seen in m
11、ovies.G Space taxis will be needed to bring people from the surface of the planet to intercept the cycler. H. You may need to carry some propellant for an occasional boost, but its pretty much a free trip after that.（分数：16.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、Part 2(总题数：2，分数：
12、20.00)Read the following magazine article and answer questions 9-18 on the next page. The Burden of Thirst0. AylitoBinayos feet know the mountain. Even at four in the morning, she can rundown the rocks to the river by starlight alone and climb the steep mountain back up to her village with a contain
13、er of water on her back. She has made this journey three times a day since she was a small child. So has every other woman in her village of Foro, in the Konso district of south-western Ethiopia in Africa.1. In developed parts of the world, people turn on a tap and out pours abundant, clean water. Y
14、et nearly 900 million people in the world have no access to clean water. Furthermore, 2.5 billion people have no safe way to get rid of human waste. Polluted water and lack of proper hygiene cause disease and kill 3.3 million people around the world annually, most of them children.2. Bringing clean
15、water close to villagers homes is the key to the problem. Communities where clean water becomes accessible and plentiful are transformed. All the hours previously spent hauling water can be used to cultivate more crops, raise more animals or even start a business. Families spend less time sick or ca
16、ring for family members who are unwell. Most important, not having to collect water means girls can go to school and get jobs. The need to fetch water for the family, or to take care of younger siblings while their mother goes, usually prevents them ever having this experience.3. But the challenges
17、of bringing water to remote villages like those in Konso are overwhelming. Locating water underground and then reaching it by means of deep wells requires geological expertise and expensive, heavy machines. Abandoned wells and water projects litter the villages of Konso. In similar villages around t
18、he developing world, the biggest problem with water schemes is that about half of them break down soon after the groups that built them move on. Sometimes technology is used that cant be repaired locally, or spare parts are available only in the capital.4. Today, a UK-based international non-profit
19、organisation called Water Aid is tackling the job of bringing water to the most remote villages of Konso. Their approach combines technologies proven to last - such as building a sand dam to capture and filter rainwater that would otherwise drain away. But the real innovation is that Water Aid belie
20、ves technology is only part of the solution. Just as important is involving the local community in designing, building and maintaining new water projects.5. The people of Konso, who grow their crops on terraces they have dug into the sides of mountains, are famous for hard work. In the village of Or
21、besho, residents even constructed a road themselves so that drilling machinery could come in. Last summer, their pump, installed by the river, was being motorised to push its water to a newly built reservoir on top of a nearby mountain. From there, gravity will carry it down in pipes to villages on
22、the other side of the mountain. Residents of those villages have each given some money to help fund the project. They have made concrete and collected stones for the structures. Now they are digging trenches to lay pipes. If all goes well, AylitoBinayo will have a tap with safe water just a three-mi
23、nute walk from her front door.Questions 9-13(10 marks) For questions 9-13, choose from the list AG which best summarizes each part of the article. For each numbered paragraph(15), mark one letter(AG)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice.A. Failure of some projectsB. A possible successC.
24、Anew management styleD. Some relevant statisticsE. A regular trip for some peopleF. Treatment for diseaseG. Water in peoples lives（分数：10.00）(1).Paragraph 1: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4: 1（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).Paragraph 5: 1（分数：2.
25、00）填空项 1:_Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with an expression from the list below. For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(AG)on the Answer Sheet Do not mark any letter twice.A. build a sand damB. fetch waterC. maintain themD. drink contaminated waterE. install the p
26、umpF. have a tap with safe water G. do other meaningful things（分数：10.00）(1).Women in the village of Foro have to climb up and down the mountains to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).Nearly 900 million people in the world have to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).The time spent collecting water for the villagers can be used
27、 to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).In villages of the developing world, the biggest problem with water schemes is how to 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).With the help of local people, Konso in the near future will 1.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_三、Part 3(总题数：1，分数：14.00)Read the following passage and choose the correct answer from A
28、, B, C and D. More and more, the operation of our businesses, government, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purpose can reap substantial rewards. Even worse, a number of peop
29、le who have done this and been caught by it have managed to get away without punishment. It is easy for computers crime to go undetected if no one checks up what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a growing recommendation
30、 from his former employers. Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it is disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have
31、been the victims of uncommon bad luck. For example, a certain keypunch operator complained of having to stay overtime to punch extra cards. Investigating revealed that the extra cards she was being asked were for dishonest transactions. In another case, dissatisfied employees of the thief tipped off
32、 the company that has been robbed. Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding or not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefiting, their demand
33、s have been met. Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled the most confidential records right under the noses of
34、the companys executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another staff computer criminal departs with just the recommendation he needs to continue his crime elsewhere.（分数：14.00）(1).It can be concluded from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.people commit computer crimes at the request of their par
35、entsB.it is still impossible to detect computer crimes todayC.computer crimes are the most serious problem of financial institutionsD.computer criminals can escape punishment because they cant be detected(2).It is implied in the third paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.the rapid increase of computer crimes
36、is a troublesome problemB.most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimesC.many more computer crimes go undetected than are discoveredD.most computer criminals blame their bad luck(3).Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Companies usually hesitate to uncove
37、r computer crimes.B.Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation.C.A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced.D.Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information.(4).What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?（分数：2.00）A.They must
38、 leave the country or go to jail.B.They will be denied access to confidential records.C.With bad reputation they can hardly find another job.D.They may walk away and easily find another job.(5).In which case its easy for computer crimes to go undetected?（分数：2.00）A.Somebody checks up what the compute
39、r is doing.B.No one checks up what the computer is doing.C.No way.D.The passage didnt refer.(6).According to the whole passage, the author feels_towards the computer crimes.（分数：2.00）A.worriedB.indifferentC.happyD.sad(7).The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.how computer criminals manage to get goo
40、d recommendations from their former employersB.why computer criminals are often able to escape punishmentC.why computer crimes cant be eliminatedD.why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspection四、Part 4(总题数：1，分数：40.00)Read the following article and choose the best word for each
41、space. For questions 2645, mark one letter A, B, C or D on your Answer Sheet. As Oil Declines, So Does America More than 100 years ago, Americas first great economic【C1】_abroad was spearheaded by its giant oil companies, notably John D. Rockefellers Standard Oil Company. These companies【C2】_powerful
42、 beachheads in Mexico and Venezuela, and later in parts of Asia, North Africa and, of course, the Middle East.【C3】_they became ever more dependent on the extraction of oil in distant lands, American foreign policy began to be【C4】_around acquiring and protecting US oil concessions in major【C5】_areas.
43、 With World War II and the Cold War, oil and US national【C6】_became thoroughly intertwined. After all, the United States had prevailed over the Axis【C7】_in significant part because it possessed vast reserves of domestic petroleum, while Germany and Japan lacked them, depriving their forces of vital【
44、C8】_supplies in the final years of the war. As it happened, though, the United States was using up its domestic【C9】_so rapidly that, even before World War II was over, Washington【C10】_its attention to finding new overseas sources of crude oil that could be【C11】_under American control. As a result, S
45、audi Arabia, Kuwait and a host of other Middle Eastern producers would become key US oil suppliers【C12】_American military protection. There can be【C13】_question that, for a time, American domination of world oil production would prove a potent source of economic and military power.【C14】_World War II
46、, an abundance of cheap US oil spurred the【C15】_of vast new industries, including civilian air travel, highway construction, a【C16】_of suburban housing and commerce, mechanized agriculture, and plastics. Abundant oil also underlay the global expansion of the countrys【C17】_power, as the Pentagon defe
47、nded the world while becoming one of the planets great oil guzzlers. Its global dominion came to【C18】_on an ever-expanding array of oil-powered ships, planes, tanks and missiles. As long as the Middle East and especially Saudi Arabia served essentially as an American gas station and oil【C19】_a cheap
48、 commodity, all this was relatively painless. That is why the use of military force has been a【C20】_of American foreign policy since 1987.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.monopolyB.recessionC.recoveryD.expansion(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.establishedB.channeledC.organizedD.appointed(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.WhenB.SinceC.AsD.Because(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.reorganizedB.readoptedC.reaffirmedD.reassessed(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.producingB.consumingC.processingD.refining
