1、大学六级-105 及答案解析(总分：638.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1当今社会，社交网站很流行2人们对此看法不同3我的看法Social Network Sites（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：10.00)BHere They Come/BMost of the immigrants came because they were hungry - hungry for more bread and for better bread. America offered that. E
2、urope was old; America was young. European soil had been farmed for many years; American soil was practically untouched. In Europe the land was in the hands of a few people, the upper classes; in America the land was available to all. In Europe it was difficult to get work; in America it was easy to
3、 get work. In Europe there were too many laborers looking for the few available jobs, so wages were low; in America there werent enough laborers to fill the available jobs, so wages were high.A bigger and better loaf of bread, then, attracted most of the in pouring hordes of people to America. But m
4、any came for other reasons. One was religious persecution. If you were a Catholic in a Protestant country, or a Protestant in another kind of Protestant country, or a Jew in almost any country, you were oftentimes made very uncomfortable. You might have difficulty in getting a job, or you might be l
5、aughedat, or have stones thrown at you, or you might even be murdered - just for having the wrong (that is, different) religion. You learned about America where your religion didnt make so much difference, where you could be what you pleased, where there was room for Catholic, Protestant, Jew. To Am
6、erica, then !Or perhaps you had the right religion but the wrong politics. Perhaps you thought a few people in your country had too much power, or that there should be no kings, or that the poor people paid too much taxes, or that the masses of people should have more to say about governing the coun
7、try. Then, oftentimes, your government thought you were too radical and tried to get hold of you to put you into prison, where your ideas might not upset the people. You didnt want to go to prison, so you had to leave the country to avoid being caught. Where to go under the circumstances? Some place
8、 where you could be a free man, where you werent clapped into jail for talking. Probably you turned to the place Joseph de- scribed in his letter to his brother. “Michael, this is a glorious country; you have liberty to do as you will. You can read what you wish, and write what you like, and talk as
9、 you have a mind to, and no one arrests you.“ Off to America!For several hundred years America was advertised just as Lucky Strike cigarettes and Buick cars are advertised today. The wonders of America were told in books, pamphlets, newspapers, pictures, posters - and always this advice was given,“
10、Come to America.“ But why should anyone be interested in whether or not Patrick McCarthy or Hans Knobloch moved from his European home to America? There were two groups interested at different times, but for the same reason - business profits.In the very beginning, over three hundred years ago, trad
11、ing companies were organized which got huge tracts of land in America for nothing or almost nothing. That land, however, was valueless until people lived on it, until crops were produced, or animals killed for their furs. Then the trading company would step in, buy things from the settlers and sell
12、things to company would step in, buy things from the settlers and sell things to them - at a profits. The Dutch West India Company, the London Company, and several others were trading companies that gave away land in America with the idea of eventually making money on cargoes from the colonists. The
13、y wanted profits - needed immigrants to get them - advertised - and people came.In later years, from 1870 on, other groups interested in business profits tried to get people to come to America. The Cunard line, the White Star line, the North German Lloyed, and several others earned money only when p
14、eople used their ships. They therefore sent advertisements to all parts of the world to get people to travel to America - in their ships. They sent not only advertisements, but also agents whose business it was to “hunt up emigrants.“ All the other reasons mentioned before were operating, and along
15、came a man who promised to help you, gave you complete directions, aided you in all the little details that were necessary, sometimes even got you a passport, and finally led you to the right ship - To America !For one reason or another, then, people were attracted to America and came of their own f
16、ree will. There were others who came not because they wanted to, but because they had to.In the early days when America was a colony of England, that country saw a chance to get rid of people who seemed to be “undesirable“. Accordingly, hundreds of paupers and convicts were put on ships and sent to
17、America. Some of the latter were real criminals, but many had been put in prison for small offenses such as poaching, or stealing a loaf of bread, or being in debt, However, they were not “good citizens“ as far as English was concerned, so what better idea could that country have than to get rid of
18、them? Off to America, whether they liked it or not!There were two groups of indentured servants. There were those who voluntarily sold themselves for a four-to-seven-year term just to get their passage paid. There was another group, however, “who were carried here against their willhustled on board
19、ships, borne across the sea and sold into bondage. The streets of London were full of Kidnappers - “spirits,“ as they were called; no workingman was safe; the very beggars were afraid to speak with anyone who mentioned the terrifying word America. Parents were tom from their homes, husbands from the
20、ir wives, to disappear forever as if swallowed up in death. Children were bought from worthless fathers, orphans from their guardians, dependent or undesirable relatives from families weary of supporting them.“Still another group of immigrants were brought against their will. When the early settlers
21、 found it practically impossible to make good slaves of the Indians they found here, because the red man was too proud to work under the lash, they truned to Africa, where Negroes could be obtained. For most of the eighteenth century over twenty thousand slaves were transported every year. Negro sla
22、ve trading became a very profitable business. Many great English fortunes were founded on the slave trade. The Gladstone family fortune is a famous example.As might be expected, the privations suffered by the whites in the sea crossing were nothing when compared to the misery of the Negroes. Here is
23、 a sample account of conditions on the slave ships:“She had taken in, on the coast of Africa, 336 males, and 226 females, making in all 562, and had been out seventeen days, during which she had thrown overboard 55. The slaves were all enclosed under grated hatchways, between decks. The space was so
24、 low that they sat between each others legs, and stowed so close together that there was no possibility of their lying down, or at all changing their position, by night or day. Over the hatchway stood a ferocious-looking fellow, with twisted thongs in his hand, who was the slave-driver of the ships,
25、 and whenever he heard the slightest noise below, he shook the whips over them.But the circumstance which struck us most forcibly was, how it was possible for such a number of human beings to exist, packed up and wedged together as tight as they could cram, in low cells, three feet high, the greater
26、 part of which, except that immediately under the grated hatchways was shut oat from light or air, and this when the thermometer, exposed to the open sky, was standing in the shade, on our deck at 89 degrees.It was not surprising that they should have endured much sickness and loss of life in their
27、short passage. They had sailed from the coast of Africa on the 7th of May, and ha the U U 7 /U /Uof economy with science and technology is U U 8 /U /U, and the restructuring of the world economy is speeding up. (44)To fulfill the objectives of modernization, China is determined to invest in science
28、and technology. U U 9 /U /UThis is important for China in the new century, and is the only road for the Chinese nation toward revitalization. U U 10 /U /U （分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、BPart Reading (总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、BSection A/B(总题数：2，分数：95.
29、00)Harvard University, breaking with a major trend in college admissions, will eliminate its early admissions program next year, with university officials arguing that such programs put low-income and minority applicants at a distinct disadvantage in the competition to get into selective universitie
30、s.For three decades Harvard has offered a particular form of early admissions, in which students who are accepted early still have the freedom to go elsewhere. Various forms of early admissions are offered by hundreds of colleges and universities, with many requiring applicants to commit upfront(预先)
31、 to attending the university if offered early admission.The popularity of the procedure grew significantly in the 1990s,as colleges tried to increase their competitive advantage by locking in strong candidates early. But at Harvard and many other universities officials have grown concerned about tha
32、t early admissions present a major obstacle to low-income and working-class students. Such students have also been hurt by steep tuition increases and competition with students from wealthy families who pour thousands of dollars into college consultants and tutoring.Under binding early admission pro
33、grams, students have to commit to a college long before they know how much aid they will be offered; whereas students who apply for admission in the regular cycle are able to compare financial-aid offerings from various colleges before making up their minds in April. Under Harvards early admissions
34、program, students do not have to decide until May 1 whether to accept an admission offer. Even so, many potential applicants did not understand the distinction between Harvards program and those that require an upfront commitment and were discouraged from applying.Under Lawrence H. Summers, the Harv
35、ard president who left office in June, the university took a number of steps to make itself more accessible to poor and working-class students. The idea of abandoning early admission was developed after Derek Bok became interim president. Early admission will remain in effect in the current academic
36、 year, which is already under way.（分数：90.00）(1).According to university officials, who are put in an unfavorable situation under early admission programs?（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(2).Different from Harvard, many universities require the admitted applicants to _.（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(3).The procedure of early ad
37、mission grew popular because it helped colleges to secure the recruitment of _.（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(4).If a student is admitted under a binding early admission program, he will lose the chance of comparing _.（分数：18.00）填空项 1:_(5).What procedure will be adopted by Harvard to recruit freshmen this year?（分
38、数：18.00）填空项 1:_Many artists late in the last century were in search of a means to express their individuality. Modem dance was one of the ways some of these people sought to free their creative spirit. At the beginning there was no exacting technique, no foundation from which to build. In later year
39、s, trial, error, and genius founded the techniques and the principles of the movement. Eventually, innovators even drew from what they considered the dread ballet, but first they had to discard all that was academic so that the new could be discovered. The beginnings of modem dance were happening be
40、fore Isadora Duncan, but she was the first person to bring the new dance to general audiences and see it accepted and acclaimed.Her search for a natural movement form sent her to nature. She believed movement should be as natural as the swaying of the trees and the rolling waves of the sea, and shou
41、ld be in harmony with the movements of the Earth. Her great contributions are in three areas.First, she began the expansion of the kinds of movements that could be used in dance. Before Duncan danced, ballet was the only type of dance performed in concert. In the ballet the feet and legs were emphas
42、ized, with virtuosity (精湛技巧) shown by complicated movements. Duncan performed dance by using all her body in the freest possible way. Her dance stemmed from her soul and spirit. She was one of the pioneers who broke tradition so others might be able to develop the art.Her second contribution lies in
43、 dance costume. She discarded ballet shoes and stiff costumes. These were replaced with bare feet, and unbound hair. She believed in the natural body being allowed to move freely, and her dress displayed this ideal.Her third contribution was in the use of music. In her performances she used the symp
44、honies of great masters, including Beethoven and Wagner, which was not the usual custom.She was as exciting and eccentric (异乎寻常的) in her personal life as in her dance.（分数：5.00）(1).How did they feel about the ballet before the innovators discovered the new dance?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).In the authors opi
45、nion, what did nature represent to Isadora Duncan?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Ballets movements were much more_than those of the modern dance.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Compared to those of the ballet, Isadora Duncans costumes were less_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).According to the passage, what contributions has Isadora
46、Duncan made as the first person to bring the new dance to general audiences?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_九、BSection B/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：4.00)The ethical(伦理的)behavior in industrialized countries has been put under pressure. During the last year in Norway we have seen cases where large food co
47、mpanies pay distributors to keep away competitors and suppliers paying personal benefits to managers of shops to get own products better promoted and positioned in the shops. The areas where the ethics does not manage to set fair limits, the lawmakers get under pressure to give new laws to cope with
48、 the unfair behavior.The examples mentioned have been given good coverage in the media. However, another area with quite another dimension is continuously running without large reports in the media. In this area one individual is killed unnecessarily nearly every third day all the year round in Norw
