1、大学六级-417 及答案解析(总分：693.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Modes of transport and years （分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)B Television: The Cyclops That Eats Books/BWhat is destroying America today is not the liberal breed of politicians, or the International Monetary Fund banke
2、rs, misguided educational elite, or the World Council of Churches. These are largely symptoms of a greater disorder. But if there is any single institution to blame, it is television.Television, in fact, has greater power over the lives of most Americans than any educational system or government or
3、church. Children particularly are easily influenced. They are fascinated, hypnotized(着迷的) and tranquilized by TV. It is often the center of their world. Even when the set is turned off, they continue to tell stories about what theyve seen on it. No wonder, then, that when they grow up they are not p
4、repared for the frontline of life; they simply have no mental defenses to confront the reality of the world.BThe Truth About TV/BOne of the most disturbing truths about TV is that it eats books. Once out of school, nearly 60% of all adult Americans have never read a single book, and most of the rest
5、 read only one book a year. Alvin Kernan, author of The Death of Literature, says that reading books “is ceasing to be the primary way of knowing something in our society.“ He also points out that bachelors degrees in English literature have declined by 33% in the last twenty years. American librari
6、es, he adds, are in crisis, with few patrons to support them.Thousands of teachers at the elementary, secondary and college levels can testify that their students writing exhibits a tendency towards superficiality(肤浅) that wasnt seen, say, ten or fifteen years ago. It shows up not only in the studen
7、ts lack of analytical skills but in their poor command of grammar and rhetoric. The mechanics of the English language have been tortured to pieces by TV. Visual, moving images cant be held in the net of careful language. They want to break out. They really have nothing to do with language. So langua
8、ge, grammar and rhetoric have become fractured.Recent surveys by dozens of organizations also suggest that up to 40% of the American public is functionally illiterate. The problem isnt just in our schools or in the way reading is taught. TV teaches people not to rean. It makes them incapable of enga
9、ging in an art that is now perceived as strenuous(费力的) and active.Passive as it la, television has invaded our culture so completely that you see its effects in every quarter, even in the literary world. It shows up m supermarket paperbacks, from Stephen King to pulp .fiction (低俗小说). These are reall
10、y forms of verbal TV-literature that is so superficial that those who read it can revel, in the same sensations they experience when they are watching TV.Even more importantly, the growing influence of television-has changed peoples habits and values and affected their assumptions about the world. T
11、he sort of reflective, critical and value- laden thinking encouraged by cooks has been rendered out of date.BThe Cyclops/BIn this context, we would do well to recall the Cyclops(独眼巨人)-the race of one-eyed giants in Greek myth. The following is Hamiltons description of the encounter between the adven
12、turer Odysseus and Polyphemus, a Cyclops.As Odysseus was on his way home, he and his crew found Polyphemus cave. They stayed in it as a shelter and waited for the owner to come back. At last he came, hideous and huge, tall as a great mountain crag. Driving his flock before him he entered and closed
13、the eaves mouth with a ponderous slab of stone. Then looking around he caught sight of the strangers. He roared out and stretched out his mighty arms and in each great hand seized one of the men and dashed his brains out on the ground. Slowly he feasted off them to the last shred, and then, satisfie
14、d, stretched himself out across the cavern and slept. He was safe from attack. None but he could roll back the huge stone before the door, and if the horrified men had been able to summon courage and strength enough to kill him they would have been imprisoned there forever.What I find particularly a
15、ppropriate about this myth as it applies today is that first, the Cyclops imprisons these men in darkness, and that, second, he beats their brains out before he devours them. It doesnt take much imagination to apply this to the effects of TV on us and our children.BTVs Effect on Learning/BQuite lite
16、rally, TV affects the way people think. In Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television (1378), Jerry Mander quotes from the Emery Report that when we watch television “our usual processes of thinking and discernment (识别能力) are semi-functional at best.“ The study also argues that while televisio
17、n appears to have the potential to provide useful information to viewers, the technology of television and the inherent nature of the viewing experience actually inhibit learning as we usually think of it.When we watch TV we think we are looking at a picture, or an image of something, but what we ar
18、e actually seeing is thousands of dots of light blinking on and off in a strobe(屏闪)effect that is calculated to happen rapidly enough to keep us from recognizing the phenomenon. More than a decade ago, Mander and others pointed to instances of “TV epilepsy(癫痫症),“ in which those watching this strobe
19、effect overextended their capacities, and the New England Journal of Medicine recently honored this affliction with a medical classification: video game epilepsy.BShadows on the Screen/BTelevision also teaches that people arent quite real; they are images or little beings who move in a medium no thi
20、cker than a sliver of glass. Unfortunately, the tendency is to start thinking of them in the way children think when they see too many cartoons, that people are merely objects that can be destroyed. Or that can fall over a cliff and be smashed to pieces and pick themselves up again. This violence of
21、 cartoons has no basis in reality. Actual people arent images but substantial, physical, corporeal beings with souls. And, of course, the violence on television leads to violence.BTV：Eating Out Our Substance/BTV eats books. It eats academic skills. It eats positive character traits. It even eats fam
22、ily relationships. How many families do you know that spend the dinner hour in front of the TV, seldom communicating with one another? How many have a television on while they have breakfast or prepare for work or school?And what about school? Ive heard college professors say of their students, “Wel
23、l, you have to entertain them.“ One I know recommends using TV and film clips instead of lecturing, “throwing in a commercial every ten minutes or so to keep them awake.“ A teacher should teach. But TV eats the principles of people who are supposed to be responsible, transforming them into passive s
24、ervants of the Cyclops.TV eats our substance. What we see, hear, touch, smell, feel and understand about the world has been processed for us. TV teaches that all life-styles and all values are equal, and that there is no clearly defined right and wrong.Muggeridge concluded: “There is a danger in tra
25、nslating life into an image, and that is what television is doing. In doing it, It is falsifying(窜改)life. Far from the cameras being an accurate recorder of what is going on, it is the exact opposite. It cannot convey reality, nor does it even want to.“（分数：70.00）(1).Television doesnt help build up m
26、ental defenses for people to _.（分数：7.00）A.deal with violenceB.face a sharp competitionC.compete with rivalsD.confront the reality of the world(2).Television is _ the English language.（分数：7.00）A.destroyingB.diffusingC.purifyingD.standardizing(3).Television has _ on peoples character.（分数：7.00）A.a posi
27、tive effectB.a negative effectC.no effectD.s beneficial effect(4).One of the most disturbing truths about TV is that it makes reading books cease to be _ in our society.（分数：7.00）A.the most popular recreationB.the only method of acquiring literacyC.the primary way of getting informationD.the financia
28、l resources(5).Television has invaded our culture so completely that that it even has effect on _.（分数：7.00）A.the literary worldB.foreign countriesC.the highly-educated peopleD.those who dont watch TV at all(6).Television is compared to the Cyclops because _.（分数：7.00）A.it deprives us of our thinking
29、ability before destroying usB.it is also enormous in sizeC.it is as cruel as the one-eyed giantD.both TV and the Cyclops do harm To our children(7).In translating life into an image, television is _ life.（分数：7.00）A.recordingB.imitatingC.creatingD.falsifying(8).When we watch TV, our _ are semi-functi
30、onal at best.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).When children see TOO many cartoons they may regard people as _ instead of substantial, physical, corporeal beings with souls.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).It is stated in the conclusion that by translating life into _, television is falsifying life.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart Li
31、stenin(总题数：7，分数：252.00)Section AQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.He will not go.B.He would like to go.C.He hasnt made up his mind.D.He doesnt think fishing is interesting.A.Sailing a boat.B.Catching a worm.C.Fishing.D.Hanging clothes.A.She leaves the o
32、ffice by 3:00 or 4:00 in the afternoon.B.She sends her employees for frequent medical check.C.She pays her employees by check.D.She inspects her employees work several times a day.A.She doesnt know whether the film is good or not.B.The film is hard to understand.C.She saw the film from beginning to
33、end.D.She saw only the last part of the film.A.At the doctors office.B.At the hospital.C.At the drugstore.D.At the department store.A.Tom is very rich now.B.Tom is a very important person.C.Tom has become very bad guy.D.Tom is arrogant to his old friends.A.She doesnt like a heart-to-heart talk with
34、Sally.B.She thinks the topic is too serious for her.C.She thinks the news is too hard for Sally.D.She dares not to tell Sally the had news.A.Mary called to tell them she couldnt come to the dinner party.B.Mary didnt originally want to come to the dinner party.C.The couple is unhappy because Mary cha
35、nged her mind.D.The woman doesnt believe the Mary really changed her mind.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Movies play an important role in persuading young people not to smoke.B.Movies fail to reflect social reality and need improvement in this respec
36、t.C.Movies are in many ways competing with TV to gain young viewers.D.Movies partly contribute to the increasing number of young smokers.A.They insert advertisements when the movies are near the most appealing part.B.They give actors free lifetime supply of cigarettes and ask them to smoke in the mo
37、vies.C.They promote their products by giving cigarettes as gifts to the viewers before the movies start.D.They sponsor the moviemakers on the condition that the actors use their products.A.Because the smoking actors in the movies have good-looking bodies.B.Because the movies show that smoking is nec
38、essary for social activities.C.Because the movies convey that smoking enhances the image of a man.D.Because the actors tell the audience that smoking causes no harm.A.They agree that the moviemakers should select nonsmoking actors.B.They agree that viewers are entitled to reject the movies with smok
39、ing plots.C.They agree that a law should be made to reduce smoking in movies.D.They agree that the actors and the moviemakers should not take bribes.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.They are talking about a job interview.B.They are talking about a phon
40、e interview.C.They are talking about a TV interview.D.They are talking about an Internet interview.A.The employer and the time is not set.B.The job hunter and the time is not set.C.The employer and the time is set.D.The job hunter and the time is set.A.A copy of your resume.B.Information about the e
41、mployer.C.Information about the company.D.All of the above.BSection B/BBPassage One/BQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you hove just heard.（分数：21.00）A.They should not be too strict with the children.B.They should limit their demands on some children.C.They should demand more of their child
42、ren.D.They should demand more of the bright children.A.To do comprehensive exercises.B.To read simple sentences.C.To copy our from the textbooks.D.To do all of the above.A.She assigned people to do this report.B.She made investigations in the 700 schools.C.She supported the report.D.She wrote this r
43、eport.BPassage Two/BQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Listening.B.Speaking.C.Reading.D.Writing.A.They cannot express themselves in class.B.They cannot understand English properly.C.They cannot think critically.D.They cannot get used to the new life style.A.F
44、or international-based test.B.For intelligent-based test.C.For information-based test.D.For internet-based test.BPassage Three/BQuestions 32 to 35 are bused on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Seasoned foods.B.Salads.C.Sea fish.D.Sweets.A.“Would you order now or later“?B.“Do you like to h
45、ave your tea now or later“?C.“Would you like to settle the bill now or after you finish your meal“?D.“Do you want coffee with your meal or after it“?A.To take whatever drink being served.B.To ask for the drink you like best.C.To have soft drinks rather than alcoholic drinks.D.To make sure that the h
46、ostess will give you a choice of drinks.A.Poultry.B.Meat.C.Bread.D.Fish.BSection C/BJapanese electronics firm Hitachi has produced its first human-like robot, called Emiew, to U(36) /U Hondas Asmo and Sonys Qrio robots.Two wheel-based Emiews, Pal and Chum, introduced themselves to reporters at a pre
47、ss U(37) /U in Japan.Explaining why Hitachis Emiew used wheels instead of feet, Toshihiko Horiuchi, from Hitachis Mechanical Engineering Research U(38) /U, said: “We U(39) /U to create a robot that could live and co-exist with people. We want to make the robots U(40) /U for people. If the robots mov
48、ed slower than people, users would be U(41) /U.Emiew-Excellent Mobility and Interactive Existence as Workmate-can move at U(42) /U on its “wheel feet“. With sensors on the head, waist, and near the wheels, Pal ant Chum U(43) /U demonstrated how (hey could react to commands. Hitachi said Pal am Chum, U(44) /U.Hondas Asimo was “born“ five years ago. Since then, Hondaand Sonys Qrio U(45) /U . Sonys Qrio has been the fastest robot on two legs until last year. But its record was beate
