1、大学六级-623 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.目前，中国高等教育不再是少数人享有的教育，拥有大学文凭的人数日益增加2. 大学生失业不再新鲜，因此有人认为读书无用3. 我对大学教育目的的认识The Purpose of College Education（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)The Green CampusIf you attended this years commencement (毕业典礼) at Williams Colle
2、ge in western Massachusetts, you probably sampled the fresh food made from locally produced, hormone-free milk. You might have tried the organic greens with edible cabbage blossoms or sampled the fresh asparagus (芦笋) all from nearby farms. These dishes not only tasted better than standard ones but a
3、lso saved fossil fuels normally used to ship food long distances. Disposable plates and cutlery were nowhere to be found, reducing trash by 80 percent. And the rare disposable items were eco-friendly. “We used compostable paper napkins and biodegradable straws,“ says Stephanie Boyd, who helped organ
4、ize the “green commencement“ as part of her job as chair of Williamss climate-action committee.It was not only aimed to impress parents. More and more colleges are getting serious about going green. In June, 284 university presidents representing some of the nations most influential schools announce
5、d an agreement pledging to make their campuses “carbon neutral“. The message was clear. “Were saying that sustainability is no longer an elective,“ says Cornell president David Skorton. Their motivation wasnt merely to reduce energy consumption and waste. As a $ 315 billion sector of the economy-and
6、 one that will train future leaders-higher education has a special responsibility to encourage environmental stewardship. The university presidents hope that even students who dont pursue increasingly popular majors in environmental studies will learn simply from being on a green campus, living in g
7、reen buildings, eating sustainable food and absorbing everyday messages of conservation. And who knows? Far-reaching environmental programs may create an air of excitement that attracts applicants. “In the long run, students will say, why would I want to go to a school that doesnt care about this?“
8、says Michael Crow, president of Arizona State University, which has. made a major commitment to sustainability.At Harvard, going green starts before students even arrive on campus, when freshmen receive mailings urging them to buy only energy-efficient refrigerators for their dorm rooms and purchase
9、 compact fluorescent (发荧光的) bulbs, which use an average of 18 Watts apiece instead of 75. But some of the most effective lobbying comes from students themselves. Harvard pays 20 undergraduates to help get the green message out to fellow students in a fun way. That might mean whipping up a competitio
10、n between residential houses to win the coveted Green Cup for the greatest energy reductions and biggest increases in recycling. Or it could be organizing trash-free dances or green movie nights (“Who Killed the Electric Car?“) with free ice cream for anyone who brings a recyclable bowl. One day a y
11、ear, students collect trash from Harvard Yard and pile it into a single heap, called “Mount Trashmore“. The giant mound (垛) reminds students how much they are throwing away and how much waste they could avoid by recycling. Students even compete to come up with the best ecothemed cartoons. This years
12、 second-place winner showed Marilyn Monroe with her iconic billowing skirt under the caption wind does great things. The fun adds up to serious savings. “Energy use in the dorms has decreased 15 percent over the past few years, and recycling has risen 40 percent,“ says Leith Sharp, head of the Harva
13、rd Green Campus Initiative.At many schools, the construction of a new building is another chance to push green solutions. “What message does a conventional campus send?“ asks David Orr, who teaches environmental studies at Oberlin. “It sends the message that energy is cheap and plentiful. “At Oberli
14、n and other colleges, administrators are seeking to reverse that message with energy-efficient buildings. The Lewis Center at Oberlin, opened in 2000, was one of the firsts. Its powered entirely by solar arrays, which produce 30 percent more energy than the building consumes-and this is in cloudy Oh
15、io. Sensors throughout the building monitor energy use. And all wastewater is purified on site in a “living machine“, an artificial wetland with carefully selected tropical plants and microorganisms that filter the water. Located in the buildings lobby, the living machine looks like a greenhouse. “Y
16、oud have no clue its a wastewater system,“ says Orr. It even includes an indoor waterfall, powered by the sun, with 600 gallons of water flowing across a rocky surface. As long as the sun is shining, the water flows. Orr credits the building with having helped to inspire hundreds of Oberlin students
17、 to choose professions in eco-design, architecture and related fields-including Sadhu Johnston ,class of 1998, who joined other students in brainstorming ideas for the new building and who now works as environment commissioner of Chicago,If buildings can influence people, so can something as profoun
18、d as the food we eat. Melina Shannon-DiPietro of the Yale Sustainable Food Project says she tries to“ seduce students into the sustainable-food movement“ with tasty dishes. Favorites include grass-feel-beef burgers from a nearby farmers cooperative and pizzas made with organic flour, tomatoes. In al
19、l, 40 percent of the universitys menu items now come from local organic farms. “Most food travels 1 500 miles before we eat it,“ she says. “It doesnt taste fresh, and transporting it long distances adds to the universitys carbon footprint. “Eating locally and organically solves those problems. And,
20、as students learn from placards in the dining halls, the benefits dont stop there. “Connecticut loses farmland at the rate of 8 000 to 9 000 acres a year, “says Shannon-DiPietro,“ Supporting local farmers help maintain a working agricultural landscape.“For those who want to go the extra carbon-neutr
21、al mile and formally study the environment, the possibilities are expanding. Sustainability has become a multidisciplinary field that goes beyond ecology and biodiversity to embrace architecture, engineering, urban planning, economics and public health. Arizona State has just opened an entire School
22、 of Sustainability that will start taking undergraduates in the fall of 2008, drawing faculty from 25 departments. “Sustainability is the linchpin,“ says Oberlins Orr. “If you get it right, it reduces dependence on Middle East oil, cuts carbon emissions, takes care of pollution, reduces health-care
23、costs associated with pollution, and creates jobs.“ ASU is now working on the employment aspect, setting up a high-tech business park to draw innovative, eco-oriented businesses from around the world and to provide internships and, ultimately, employment for students. Early occupants include a Chine
24、se water-purification company and a firm making lenses that focus more sunshine onto solar panels, generating added power for less money.As vigorously as colleges are encouraging students to research environmental problems, students are prodding colleges to purchase renewable energy and set ambitiou
25、s carbon targets. In part because of student lobbying, Middlebury College in Vermont adopted a goal of carbon neutrality by 2016, says Nan Jenks-Jay, dean of environmental affairs. “Students were telling us, youre not doing enough, “she says. Undergraduates at dozens of schools have gone so far as t
26、o vote for increases in their activities fees to help finance green initiatives. At St. Marys College of Maryland, for example, 93 percent of students voted last spring for a $ 25 annual increase in fees, which will raise approximately $ 45 000 a year for the purchase of renewable energy.There is, o
27、f course, room for improvement. “Not a single campus is even close to achieving sustainability at this point, “says Richard Olson of Kentuckys Berea College, which aims to reduce its energy consumption 45 percent below 2000 levels by 2015. “Colleges need to get out ahead and model truly sustainable
28、behavior to society.“ Many students are helping to do just that.（分数：70.00）(1).The passage is mainly about why and how to plant more trees to make universities become green.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).The major aim of the agreement made by 284 universities is merely to reduce energy consumption and waste.（分数
29、：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).Students in Harvard are encouraged to use bulbs of 18 watts apiece.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(4).The “Mount Trashmore“ program has been adopted by many universities.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).Those conventional buildings require improvement because they reveal that energy is（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).The L
30、ewis Center at Oberlin is an energy-efficient building and the major energy resource of it is from（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).The grass-fed-beef burgers in the Yale Sustainable Food Project have been bought from _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).Sustainability has a broader meaning now, including ecology and biodiversi
31、ty architecture, engineering, rban planning, etc. , and it has become a _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Undergraduates at dozens of schools have gone so far as to vote for increases in their activities fees to have more money for _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).The aim of Kentuckys Berea College about green campus is
32、to reduce its energy consumption 45 percent below 2000 levels by _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.At a bank.B.At a travel agency.C.At a post office.D.At an airport.A.This
33、is the first time for the man to wear a tie.B.He looks wonderful when he is not wearing a tie.C.The design of the tie doesnt look so nice.D.This is the first time for the man to choose a tie with this kind of design.A.He lost a button at work.B.He doesnt know where he put the calculator.C.He thought
34、 he broke something the woman lent him.D.Hes not sure how to solve the math problem.A.The woman is helpful.B.The woman is thankful.C.The woman is sorry.D.The woman is offended.A.Because he wanted to meet the womans parents.B.Because he goes to beach house each August.C.Because he wont be able to tak
35、e a vacation.D.Because he didnt know the womans plan.A.They dont want children for the time being.B.They have two children already.C.Mrs. Taylor wishes to have children, but her husband doesnt.D.They will start a family as soon as they get married.A.A businessman.B.A policeman.C.A thief.D.A waiter.A
36、.The program begins on Sunday.B.Hell meet the woman on Sunday.C.They could watch the program on Sunday.D.His cousin arrives on Sunday.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.She wants to type up a biography about her uncle.B.She would like to find an interest
37、ing job working at NASA.C.She would like to introduce him to a recently retired astronaut.D.She wants to write a man who once worked in the U. S. space program.A.To mention other space programs.B.To incorporate pictures into the paper.C.To keep working on the original subject.D.To search for informa
38、tion on the Internet.A.The astronaut is a cousin of her friend.B.The astronaut is an uncle of her friend.C.The astronaut is a cousin of her teacher.D.The astronaut is an uncle of her teacher.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Computer sales negotiations.
39、B.A preliminary interview.C.An Internet seminar meeting.D.An oral test for computer science.A.A web page authoring program.B.A kind of drinks.C.A computer game software.D.A foreign name for a famous programmer.A.She will call Mr. Taylor in the next few days.B.She will talk over their discussion with
40、 others.C.She will not contact him for further consideration.D.She advises the man to give it up.A.Hardworking at his former company.B.Confident in his abilities.C.Poor at computer technology.D.Promising for the position.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passa
41、ge you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.In Missouri.B.In Chicago.C.In New York.D.In St. Louis and Chicago.A.An air-hostess.B.A physics scientist.C.A chef in a French restaurant.D.A typist in a large company.A.She had three brothers.B.She was the first leader of the womens liberation movement in America.C
42、.She did a lot of writing in support of equal rights for women.D.She came to be aware of the inequality before studying in college.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Careerists spend more time and energy on their jobs.B.Careerists dont like their j
43、obs.C.Workaholics have different reasons for their work pattern.D.Workaholics are more successful than careerists.A.Work itself.B.Career advancement.C.The symbols of success.D.Social identity.A.To help careerists and workaholics move to comprehensive development.B.To urge careerists and workaholics
44、to work harder.C.To combine careerists and workaholics work together.D.To alarm careerists and workaholics.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Plays based on science fiction stories.B.Plays based on non-fiction stories.C.The daytime serial dramas
45、on TV.D.Popular documentary films on TV.A.College student viewers.B.Favorite TV serials.C.Soap opera fans.D.College-age viewers.A.Family life.B.Social issues of great importance.C.Poplar soop operas.D.Childrens education.A.College students like soap operas more than any other social group.B.Young pe
46、ople of sixties liked soap operas more than people today.C.Young viewers like enjoyment now more than the seriousness of sixties.D.The young as a whole like happy love more than studying.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)In most cases, the doctor is unable to avoid some degree of emotional involvement with
47、 the sick individual who has come to him for help.The physician knows well the usual development of events in a (36) sickness, but his personal reaction to the death of the patient is a variable thing. It is (37) by many conditions, such as the (38) of his relationship with the patient, the age of t
48、he person (39) , and the nature of the final disease.The (40) is usually not too upset by the (41) death of a patient who has enjoyed a long, pleasant, and (42) life, and he may accept calmly the death of a person in a younger age group whos got seriously (43) However, he is always saddened by the death of a child, or young adult, for any reason.(44) . When a person under medical treatment dies, the internist can always comfort himself with the idea that (45) . On the other hand, when death follows an operation, the surgeon usually leads himself to considering. The
